Cyber ​​Heroes

Chapter 20 Boolean Operations

"Isn't it?" Yuki frowned: "Master, it doesn't seem to be the case. In chess and card games...and, in driving, computers are much more powerful than biological brains."

Xiang Shan nodded: "That's right, but a computer that is good at playing chess can only play chess. It will never understand 'why it plays chess', and it may not even know that it is "playing chess". If If its creator does not give instructions, then it will never think of doing another thing in its life."

This should be... a long time ago?Xiang Shan felt that this might be a history that happened before he was born.At that time, there was a conductor.He is a patient with trisomy 21 - the so-called "born dumb".Perhaps he was just born in a musical family, so he regarded "imitating command movements" as a game, but he did appear on the stage as a "conductor".So is there "music" in his brain?

Perhaps it is true that the poor man does know what music is in his heart.

But he can't understand things other than "music".

The intelligence bred in the computer is even more extreme than this.After all, even a congenitally stupid person knows that he is hungry and thirsty.I'll cry when I'm not feeling well.But even if the chess strength is enough to crush the chess master's AI, it will not have the idea of ​​​​"I still need a power supply" or "I just want more computing resources".

"Actually, what a computer can do has never surpassed the human brain. Calculations with pen and paper...Damn it, you don't seem to know what 'paper' is." Xiang Shan shook his head, picked up an iron stick, and Write q and p on the ground.

Two values, 1 or 0, TRUE or FALSE.

Two begets three, and three begets all things.

Everything about computers comes out of here.

"The thing I'm going to teach you now is called 'Boolean operations'." Xiang Shan said: "Humans can use an iron stick to complete Boolean operations on the ground, thereby simulating any computer program—no, it should be reversed here .Computers just replace human hands and write Boolean formulas on the ground. They are just faster and faster than human handwriting. That's all."

"This method of calculation was born from the great George Boole. Before George Boole, Leibniz and Babbage were doing the same thing - they tried to use machines to calculate. Babbage may have come close to this at one time. Realm, but it has not been reached after all. And Boolean is different from all his predecessors. Just as Isaac Newton tried to describe the trajectory of material movement in the dimensions of time and space, Boole is trying to describe the trajectory of spiritual movement. This is a groundbreaking achievement. Of course, the gap between Boolean algorithms and real human thinking is like the gap between Newtonian mechanics and the real world. But this is already the beginning.”

"After Boolean, people realized that gears and levers can perform calculations, neural networks can perform calculations, circuits that are constantly switching on and off can perform calculations, and even a bunch of chemical devices can also perform calculations—Boolean algorithm, which will A corner of human thinking, disassembled into something that machines can understand."

The history of human beings using circuits to simulate neural networks and perform Boolean calculations is even earlier than the von Neumann architecture - as early as 1943, neurobiologist Warren McCarvok and mathematician Walter Pitts created the first An artificial neural network that can perform Boolean calculations.

Before Boole's time, there was another inventor named Joseph Jacquard.He invented a whole new loom.This type of loom can use punched cards to manipulate the needles and threads on the machine to weave warp and weft.Similar things have appeared independently many times in history.This kind of "punch card" can even be traced back to the Eastern Han Dynasty in China.

This is the ancestor of the "punched paper tape" of the Turing machine, the most primitive memory with only a few bytes, and the earliest "memory" of machines.

And Hilbert's plan for the study of pure mathematics spurred the birth of the Turing machine.

In the end, these results finally came together in the hands of another person named von Neumann.

Thus, a tool unprecedented in human history was born.Human society, life and even politics and military affairs have been changed for it.

"However, a tool is always a tool." Xiang Shan warned his disciples: "Its essence is still to create thousands or tens of thousands of arms to perform Boolean operations for you. What a computer can do, you use Boolean What computing can do is that the computer is faster—of course, this 'fast' has already achieved a fundamental change."

"For ordinary users, you only need to hand over the task to these 'a few arms', and then you can wait for the result. But this is not enough to practice internal strength. Those who have achieved internal strength, wait until they can maximize their strength. The strength of countless arms, even transmits the will between these hands."

"So, you have to start with Boolean operations."

In the field of internal energy, mathematics is "Tao", and Boolean operations are "one".

Tao produces one, one produces two, two produces three, and three produces all things.

The Boolean algorithm itself is not complicated, it is just some extension of logic.High school level mathematics is almost enough to get started.

All that's left is a lot of practice.

Xiang Shan took some time to explain the essence of these problems to Yuki, and then directly compiled an exercise book in his mind, which was transmitted point-to-point to Yuki's brain chip.

Yuki left the room with heavy steps.

Xiang Shan nodded in satisfaction.He had a feeling in his heart—he wanted to do this kind of thing a long time ago.

I don't know why, maybe it's the influence of past experiences on him?

Anyway, he was quite happy.

..........................................................................................

Yuki finally finished his exercises and went back to his room.

Then he found that the atmosphere in the room had completely changed.

Xiang Shan closed his eyes and stared at the terminal as if meditating.On the screen of the terminal, countless symbol refreshes generally appear and disappear.More code overlays on top of code.

And the dog-shaped prosthetic body connected to that terminal is doing various actions.

Xiang Shan is comprehending the meaning of each line of code, and then replacing the original code with his own.

He was going to try to master this unseen component.

"Youki, have you finished the exercises?" Xiang Shan still maintained his original posture: "Is your brain chip the type that can be removed at any time? Is it convenient for me to take a look at it now?"

Yuki nodded: "It is possible..."

He lowered his head and the back of his skull opened.Then, a spare chip popped out.

There are always two or more driver chips for the prosthesis.When one of them has a bug and crashes, the other one will take over the body instantly, and at the same time, the one with the bug will quickly watchdog and restart.

It is different from Xiangshan's one-piece skull.Yuki's modern artificial skull is very convenient to open.

Yuki handed his spare chip to Xiang Shan: "Master, what are you doing?"

"It'll be done soon. I'll tell you when it's done." Xiang Shan shook his head.He didn't notice this at first, it was indeed because he was too careless.In this era, the superiors are killing the weaker than he imagined.At the beginning, he only found out that Dr. Schultz asked him to go online, so he naively concluded that most of the cyber prosthetics were not connected to the Internet at all times.

When accepting Yuki as his disciple, he only thought about avoiding the monitoring route in the village.

But what the mayor said earlier reminded him.

No matter what the society is like, never underestimate the plundering of people by tyrants.

In fact, there should be a frequency band that ordinary people don't know, or can't use at all.In this non-civilian frequency band, all prosthetic bodies are connected to the network-but the users of those prosthetic bodies don't know it.

The only good thing is that the current "true ruling group" seems to be understaffed, or has other objective difficulties, and does not monitor everyone all the time.

— Tsk... It shouldn't have been this serious in the past.

——However, I should have imagined this extreme state.

"Practicing martial arts without practicing kung fu will end in nothingness."At the beginning of the design of internal strength, the idea of ​​fighting against this state was included.

Therefore, after recovering some internal strength for himself, Xiang Shan built Yuki's power to resist external evils and cleared the back door in the chip.

Soon, Xiang Shan retrieved the entire chip.Sure enough, as he expected, there are indeed several protocols in this gadget that he has never seen before, pointing to certain ports with signal transmitting functions.

This port uses short-wave communication, the signal is relatively weak, and the data transmission capacity is limited. It is estimated that only low-quality audio or images can be uploaded.

But this means that the ruler can indeed spy on any individual at any time.

"Very well, at least fortunately, there is no army or police in this era, and the lords have too much discretion... At best, they can only realize that I may be a knight."

Xiangshan quickly programmed a firewall into Yuki's chip, causing it to deny remote access to that specific port and send fake images.Then he erased several other agreements.

Of course, before doing these things, he made a backup first.

Xiang Shan returned the chip to Yuki, and said: "Try it yourself, and tell me if there is anything wrong. If there is no problem, you will do me a favor later."

Xiang Shan himself drives the prosthetic body now, relying on the cheap chip presented by the mayor.And there may also be a backdoor in that driver chip.Xiangshan's artificial skull does not open and close freely like Yuki.Without special tools, he would have to rely on help to remove the inserted chip.

This is equivalent to exposing your brain to other people.Xiang Shan must have a trustworthy assistant before he dares to do such a thing.

In addition, he must also put an end to the situation that "in the middle of the process, the assistant is remotely brain-controlled, and a trembling finger pokes into his brain".That's why he gave Yuki priority in preparing the "empowerment".

Yuki transmitted his math homework to Xiang Shan for inspection, and at the same time followed Xiang Shan's instructions to run and jump to test whether there is a bug in the driver chip.

Humans have learned the matter of "don't pursue programming without bugs" very early. As long as the program can run, it doesn't matter if there are bugs.

According to the classification of "type theory", high-level languages ​​can be roughly divided into "type-unsafe language", "type-safe language" and "strong specification language".A strong normalized language can guarantee "no error". This type of language can give any program a unique result and stop it, and it will never fall into an infinite loop.But it is precisely because the strongly standardized language abandons the concept of "circulation" and loses Turing completeness, so any error system will not be recognized at all and will not be allowed to run.

To put it simply, a strongly standardized language is a situation where "the program will never make mistakes when it runs, but it will not run if there are a few mistakes in it".

The knights, on the other hand, prefer to use "type-unsafe languages".Users of this language are in the doubts of "the code I wrote can't run? Why? The code I wrote can run? Why?".This kind of language can easily produce "unpredictable errors"-this kind of "unpredictable" can be said to be doomed by mathematics itself, and even the writer himself cannot predict before the program runs.

Of course, this "incomprehensibility" is the same for the enemy.

Xiang Shanning can be a little more troublesome, do a few tests before writing any program, and choose a "type-unsafe language".

But Xiangshan's level seems to be really okay.Yuki's driver chip can still control the prosthetic body normally.

(End of this chapter)