National Tide 1980.

Chapter 874 Plaza Accord

Japan's economic miracle is called a miracle.

In fact, it is not only because the time period for Japan's rise is very short, but also because Japan's post-war recovery foundation is really poor.

After World War II, about 40.00% of the factories and infrastructure in Japan were destroyed, and the mood in the country was very low.

Moreover, due to the extreme consumption of the war, huge debts were owed, and even the country was taken over by the US garrison.

It is very difficult for such a defeated country with nothing to stand up again.

It's not easy to survive, let alone become a developed country.

But because he was worried that the little devil would be pulled over by the red front in the end, even though the United States had just bombed Japan with an atomic bomb, it was very nice to help Japan with various recovery.

Including writing the constitution, land law reform, labor reform, education reform and so on.

The United States helped Japan complete its economic restructuring at a very fast speed.

Immediately afterwards, there was another three-year Korean War. The United States had a large demand for military supplies, and it needed to be purchased nearby.

Of course, it is a good thing for Japan, and this has freed Japan from the previous lack of domestic demand.

Therefore, although Japan after the war was in a mess, it quickly climbed out of the quagmire with the help of the United States.

Moreover, after only ten years, the two enemies who were originally fighting to death, unexpectedly fell in love to the death.

Look, it can only be said that there are no permanent enemies, only permanent interests.

Next, the Japanese economic system was basically restarted.

Moreover, the overall quality of the population is also very high, and at the same time, prices in Japan were very low at that time.

This is equivalent to saying that Japan has a large number of very smart and cheap labor, plus it has caught up with the wave of economic globalization at that time.

Even after the end of the Korean War, Japan can still continue to enjoy the benefits of export trade.

The Japanese then confirmed the policy of "establishing a nation through trade" and first sold textiles and toys to Europe and the United States.

Then rely on the foreign exchange earned and technology accumulation to upgrade the industry, and then began to smelt steel, engage in machine tools, electronic products and automobile manufacturing.

Throughout the 60s, Japan's economy was in a period of rapid development, and the GDP growth rate was maintained at more than [-]% for a long time.

By 1973, Japan's per capita GDP had increased more than ten times from less than US$[-] after the war to two-thirds of that of the United States.

Such sustained high-speed growth almost shocked the jaws of economists all over the world at that time, and attracted the attention of the whole world.

Although the time entered the 70s, Japan came to the brakes twice because of the two oil crises in 1973 and 1979.

Imported inflation caused by soaring oil prices has brought Japan the pain of reduced demand, reduced consumption, and declining demand in the short term, so that Japan's GDP growth rate has dropped to [-]%.

But at the same time, the two oil crises are also an excellent opportunity for Japan to transform its economic structure and enter the international market for its products.

Because if there is no sudden change in the situation in the Middle East, the price of oil will rise.

It is impossible for Japanese cars, which are called "mouse toys" by Europeans and Americans, to change the aesthetics of Europeans and Americans who like large-displacement cars, and to open up the European and American markets by virtue of energy saving and fuel saving.

Japanese companies will not work hard on company management, optimize resources in an all-round way, and sum up their own set of modern enterprise management experience because of the surge in production costs.

In fact, there are opportunities in crises and crises.

In 1960, Toyota's annual output was only 15, but by 1980, it had soared to 330 million.

Many other Japanese brands, Sony, Toshiba, Panasonic, and Mitsubishi, all became regulars in the homes of consumers all over the world at that time.

During this period, a large number of Japanese companies went abroad with high quality and low price, and all of them became multinational giants.

To sum up, Japan's successful turn of crisis into opportunity has transformed its economic model from an extensive production-oriented one to a technology-oriented one.

Transforming Japan from an agricultural economical country into an industrial modernized country has completed a very miraculous national leap.

At the end of the 70s, when the book "Japan First: Enlightenment to the United States" by Vogel was published, "Made in Japan" could be seen in every corner of the world.

The world was finally amazed by the miracle of Japan, and it was generally believed that "the future will be the era of Japan".

For this reason, the view that "we should learn from Japanese companies" has begun to appear all over the world.

Both "Toyota Management" and "Matsushita Konosuke" have become the most enthusiastic research topics in the business circles of various countries.

Japanese, which was originally only a small language, has become very popular, and more and more foreigners hope to work in Japanese companies.

Even the future planning of Japanese students studying abroad has undergone tremendous changes.

They are no longer keen to communicate with countries of other races, and often choose to return to China after their studies.

This is because they all know that only students from their own countries will become their future network resources.

If they come back to Japan, they will earn far more than if they stay overseas.

All this made the Japanese feel that their years of hard work after the war had finally been recognized by some kind of authority, which greatly encouraged their national self-confidence.

However, it is very interesting that just as Japan successfully rose, the Japanese people walked into the 80s hand in hand with excitement and excitement.

The United States, which once vigorously supported Japan, went in the opposite direction and fell into the predicament of economic recession.

In the 70s, the United States first unilaterally announced that it would decouple from gold and break away from the Bretton Woods system.

The next two oil crises plunged the United States into high inflation, which was as high as 14.00% at one point.

At the same time, the US domestic economy stagnated and fell into very serious stagflation.

The thinking of Americans is different from that of Japanese. They always focus on finance and are used to relying on purely financial means to solve problems.

The newly appointed central bank governor Paul Walker waved his sword and decided to raise interest rates very aggressively to curb inflation.

In 1981, the federal interest rate was directly raised to 20.00%.

Inflation is indeed suppressed, but the side effects are also very obvious.

The aggressive measures suppressed the U.S. economy and even plunged it into recession.

In addition, currency appreciation also created a huge stock market bubble.

At the same time, due to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar, U.S. exports were severely damaged, resulting in a huge trade deficit.

But at this time, taking advantage of the soaring U.S. dollar, many of Japan's top products beat the United States hard, quickly occupied the U.S. market, and caused local American companies to complain.

As the saying goes, watching you make money is more uncomfortable than losing money myself, let alone the coexistence of the two?
Ever since, in the blink of an eye, the relationship between the United States and Japan is not good again.

The big brother and the little brother who were originally harmonious suddenly quarreled to the point of tearing their faces apart.

American auto workers took the lead in smashing Japanese cars in public, and slogans and news like "Get Japan out of the United States" began to spread overwhelmingly across the United States, and it was out of control.

"Anti-Japanese" sentiments soon spread from the automobile industry to Japanese video games, Japanese CNC machine tools, Japanese excavators, Japanese tape recorders, and Japanese motorcycles. Almost all Japanese products have aroused protests among American workers. protest.

"Anti-Japanese" became the mainstream consciousness in the United States in the early 80s, and it was the political correctness of the United States.

In the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, trade bills and retaliation bills to sanction Japan have been proposed one after another.

In order to gain votes, some politicians in the United States even publicly made serious racially discriminatory remarks.

"How did Japan's economic miracle come about? We Americans didn't create it. Without the United States, Japan's miracle is a fart..."

"From World War II to the present, why did the Americans shed blood and sacrifice in the Pacific Ocean? Is it to let the yellow-skinned monkeys ride on our heads? If I knew this, I should have handed over Japan to the Russians and let the Russians enslave them ..."

"Now these yellow-skinned monkeys pretend to be friendly with us, but secretly steal our money, steal our technology, and make our workers unemployed and homeless. Those congressmen who are still interceding for the Japanese are not compromised Unrestrained beauty..."

Even economic experts and Nobel Prize winners from well-known universities in the United States have joined the "anti-Japanese" team one after another out of the psychology of being able to catch the heat and showing a sense of social responsibility.

They analyzed Japan's "economic aggression" against the United States from the perspective of economics they are good at.

For this reason, the American people were collectively indignant, raised their arms and shouted, and asked the government, "Who really won World War II?"

Under such circumstances, the U.S. government is of course sitting on pins and needles, like a thorn in its back, like a thorn in its throat.

Under pressure from all sides, Japan was soon designated as an "unfair trading country" and started a trade war with it.

The measures taken by the United States are one size fits all.

Directly limit the number of imported Japanese cars each year, and at the same time impose tariffs of up to [-]% on Japanese electronic products.

But in fact, these measures are not very effective, and the cost performance of Japanese products is still higher than that of American products.

So soon the Americans thought of the second trick - to devalue the dollar.

Americans are confident that their own products are no worse than those made in Japan.

They attribute the reason why American products cannot compete with Japanese products to the fact that the Japanese financial market is not open enough and the Japanese government artificially manipulates the exchange rate.

Fundamentally, it is the yen's worthlessness that makes Japanese products competitive in the international market.

Therefore, the United States believes that as long as the yen appreciates and the dollar depreciates, American goods will not lose.

In this way, after many secret meetings, on September 1985, 9, a major event that shocked the world took place under the spotlight of the world's major media.

Just after accusing the Japanese of artificially manipulating the exchange rate, the United States called the representatives of Japan, France, Britain, and West Germany to the Plaza Hotel in New York to sign an agreement.

The core content of the agreement is that in addition to asking everyone to jointly sell the dollar and let the dollar depreciate to ease the US trade deficit.

It also specifically asked Japan and West Germany to appreciate their currencies at a relatively high rate to help the United States ease the pressure.

Obviously, the United States does not hesitate to openly violate the "free market" spirit advocated by the West.

The targets of the suppression are obviously Japan and West Germany. Who will let them earn the most money from the United States?

As for Japan and West Germany, first of all, both countries were defeated in World War II, and their international status is embarrassing.

Secondly, the United States is the largest customer of their two countries.

They all know that if the Americans are dissatisfied, it is no wonder that they have good fruit to eat.

Especially in Japan, although the shadow of the atomic bomb has been engraved in the hearts of the Japanese as a peace education, it also instilled in the Japanese a psychological hint that they will always be inferior to the Americans.

So under the pressure of coercion, because of the dependent relationship of survival, Japan and West Germany did not dare to give a fart, so they honestly bowed their heads and signed the agreement.

And this is an important trigger for a series of problems in Japan from bubble to recession.

Speaking of which, this is the first time in history that so many countries sat down together and blatantly used state power to intervene in the "exchange market".

As soon as the news was announced by the media, the impact and turmoil on the international financial market would be like a tsunami when the drama of joint exchange rate manipulation by various countries began to be officially staged.

Of course, due to the time difference and the fact that Japan happened to catch up with the autumnal equinox holiday, the time for market intervention in various countries is also different.

On September 9, the West German Finance Minister first ordered the Deutsche Bundesbank to intervene in the exchange rate market in Frankfurt.

The Paris and London markets that opened later also intervened in exchange rates under the orders of the finance ministers of various countries.

Under the strong intervention of central banks, the major currencies of various countries have risen against the US dollar.

The exchange rate between the yen and the mark against the US dollar is the leading white horse, which rose by 5.00% in one day.

In the afternoon, the U.S. Federal Reserve really joined the fray, spending $5000 million to further boost the yen.

One dollar can be exchanged for 230 five yen, and one dollar can only be exchanged for 220 five yen.

Until then, the market really reacted.

The dollar is going to fall!

The dollar is really going to fall!

The intervention of the five countries is effective, and they are all throwing real money into the foreign exchange market!
As a result, a large number of institutional investors, traders, began to sell dollars frantically and quietly withdraw from dollar assets.

When the effect was finally transmitted to Japan the next day, it was even more magnified.

Not only has it further accelerated the appreciation of the yen, but also foreign capital has frantically flowed into Japan's stock and bond markets, scrambling for yen assets.

On September 9, just as the Japanese government ended the autumnal equinox holiday, it began to sell the US dollar as promised, and continued to support the rise of the yen, leaving Mark behind.

As soon as the Japanese stock market, which was already on an upward channel, opened, it immediately began to rise like a blowout.

And the greatest impact is concentrated on the financial and real estate industries.

In the financial industry, the securities companies rose first, followed by the insurance industry, and the banking industry last.

For the overall financial sector, the average increase was as high as 11.00%.

The performance of real estate was even better, and the average increase of the entire sector was as high as 15.00% that day, making it the brightest pearl among all sectors.

Daiwa House, Japan's largest home builder, was up 5.00 percent in a day.

Mitsubishi Estate, the largest real estate company, rose [-] percent.

Mitsui Fudosan, the largest housing brokerage, rose [-] percent.

This made Ning Weimin, who just opened an account with Nomura Securities last week and asked his stockbroker to complete all stock positions, to call it a fluke.

Because this kid not only succeeded in completing the layout at the last moment, but also his method of speculating in Japanese stocks was based on the experience of A shares.

There is no need to hesitate to bet on securities and real estate, but Ning Weimin also knows that the smaller the market, the easier it is to rise, and the lower the price of the stock, the easier it is to attract retail investors.

And because he was not familiar with Japanese stocks, Ning Weimin adopted a method of diversifying his investments and did not put all his eggs in one basket.

What he bought were the stocks of three small and medium-sized securities companies and the stocks of seven small and medium-sized real estate companies.

As a result, he found that this method is also applicable in Japan, and there is a special benefit for hitting by mistake.

It is because he later discovered that the price limit of Japanese stock trading is very special.

It is not like the 11.00% cut-off of the Republic, but the limit range of different amounts is set according to different stock price ranges.

In principle, the lower the price, the fewer restrictions on stocks with smaller volumes.

For example, for stocks within 100 yen, the price limit is 30 yen.

For stocks between 101 and 200 yen, the price limit is 50 yen...

By analogy, the stop board is segmented.

Therefore, there are no large-cap stocks in the stocks he bought, and the stock nature is extremely flexible.

Without exception, they are all stocks that can change by tens of percent every day, so the rise is really fast.

On September 9th, I watched my stocks appreciate by an average of 24%, making a huge profit of 18.00 million yen.

When the market closed at three o'clock in the afternoon, he walked out of the Nomura Stock Exchange, farting with joy.

We are people with big tubs!
Can catch up with this call!

Earned two houses in Tokyo in one day, earning 200 million RMB!

This money is in Tokyo, Japan, and it can be called a huge sum of money!
What's more, if it continues at this speed, he will be able to earn back the money for opening the restaurant in just one more day.

Who can say that this is not an investment miracle!

And this long-lost pleasure, the joy of dopamine secretion, is what he experienced in his last life in 2008, when he bought securities stocks in the A-share bull market where margin financing and securities lending could be used to increase leverage.

But at that time, the domestic increase was only 80% in a single day, and his funds were limited, so he only earned [-] million in a day.

What's more, he didn't know what to do at that time, he panicked!
I dare not hold the stocks I bought for a long time.

I am afraid that there will be some black swan event, the stock market will suddenly turn around, and the daily limit will become a lower limit!
And in the end, he was really beaten back to his original shape because of the added leverage and blood loss.

More than 300 million funds to enter the market, how much I earned and how much I vomited, co-authored a waste of work, and all worked for brokerages.

Reluctantly took the 10,000+ Lilan, which was regarded as a piece of interest money in his hands, and he was afraid of getting out of the whole body with a thrilling aftermath.

But it's different now, he is the one who peeked at the cards of God.

It's not gambling at all, but blatantly grabbing Japanese money!

I know that this is just the beginning, and there are still five years of good days ahead.

Even if he considers that he may step on the landmine of delisted companies due to his careless stock selection, that's okay.

The Nikkei 225 index was only 12077 points at the close of the market, and it could eventually rise to the dreamy 38957 points.

He is sure that the average stock price of most of these companies can be multiplied by at least ten times!
The same is a big profit!
That's why he didn't hesitate to reject his stockbroker's suggestion to sell for arbitrage just before the close of trading in the afternoon.

Grandma, do you still want to trick me into working for your Japanese securities company?You are so beautiful!

I can earn 100 million, why should I earn [-]?
He now absolutely believes that the long-term is gold and the short-term is silver.

If you can't hold your breath, you are a meat bun in the stock market, and there is no return.

If time could go back in time, he might think about buying one less house and placing a heavy weight on the stock market.

Unfortunately, no if...

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