Xinshun 1730

Chapter 129: Expanding the View of the World

Take off your pants and fart, usually fill in what your great-grandfather, grandfather, and father did.Liu Yu almost couldn't recognize the four characters Xiyi Guogong.

After filling out my name, native place, meritorious service, and background, I stretched out my hand and pressed my joints. Once the rattling sound stopped, I picked up the pen and scratched violently on the blank test paper.

This is not a live composition.

This is reciting dictation.

…………

On the evening of the second day, in the Tianyou Hall, the transcribed papers had already been sent over.

As a force that the emperor must master, the big autumn exam is held every three years, and the emperor always takes time to read all the papers in person.

The honorary guards are hereditary from the nobles, that is to say, they are familiar with some things about the Beijing camp and the guards, and they will attack the nobles when they come.The previous generations can still be used, but in Liu Yu's generation, it is basically useless.

The top three in the Wude Palace Shangshe assessment are more similar to Lang Guan in the Han Dynasty. As a reserve of talents around the emperor, they are called Dragon Guards.

It is not the same thing as the Xunwei who is almost hereditary from the eldest son, and it is not on the same line as the Jinshi who passed the imperial examination.

The top three are awarded the Dragon Guards, the first is the third, and the second and third are selected from the third and subsequent rankings.

In fact, they were Lang Guan in the Han Dynasty, but the number was rarer, and the selection method was not hereditary or recommendation but examination.

In the Han Dynasty, Huo Qubing, Zhang Qian and others all started as Lang Guan.After the imperial examination, this belongs to the "lucky minister", the despised layer within the bureaucracy.

The difference is that in the Han Dynasty, Lang officials were either appointed by nobles or recommended, and there were a lot of them.

Whether the Han Dynasty official can be used depends on luck.If you are unlucky, you may be a Lang Guan for the rest of your life.

For example, Yan Si, the Lang Guan in the Han Dynasty, was still a Lang Guan in his 70s. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty found out by chance one day and asked him.Yan Si said, I am good at martial arts, but when Emperor Wendi likes educated people; I am ugly, but when Emperor Jingdi likes handsome people; when it is finally your Majesty's turn to ascend the throne, His Majesty likes young champions like Hou man, and I'm old...

These dragon guards in Dashun don't need to worry about this, they have selected three, five, six or seven in three years, and they can basically be used.

As for the government, don't make it all the same, but make it right and wrong.

The Lang Guan who was born in Wude Palace, the hereditary prince, and the imperial civil servants formed a stable triangle.

Martial Virtue Palace Langguan is an extension of the imperial power, quite a bit like the eunuchs of the former dynasty, but they are not cut off forever.

On weekdays, I get along with the emperor day and night. If the emperor trusts me and thinks I have talent on weekdays, I can release them outside, airborne and mixed with sand, or directly execute the emperor's will.

Most of the people who can get into Shangshe are the descendants of soldiers from the frontier army, sons of honored veterans, and children from the fifth battalion.

Dashun can't afford the nationwide education reform.

And it's easy to poke a hornet's nest.

However, the education reform in the basic disk was decided as early as Emperor Taizong's time.

Opening camps, compulsory enrollment, multiple assessments, and the method of rehabilitating three homes, it is different from those heirs of noble families who are destined to be officials to study in Wude Palace in order not to be ignorant of bullshit. up.

The Huangzhuang of the previous dynasty, the enclosure of the Tartars, the melee massacre, the Liaodong Liting, and the purge of the old nobles of the previous dynasty provided enough land for Dashun to ensure the placement of these basic panfu soldiers.

The complete dislocation of the examination content and the imperial examination, and the deliberate instigation of the imperial power ensured the estrangement between them.

Part of the land after the Huangzhuang and Tartar enclosures of the former dynasty was used for the equalization of land and the 20-year land change system to ensure that internal mergers were strictly prohibited, and the annual investment of one million taels ensured the number of scholars in the basic market.

These people have the opportunity to become Lang Guan and take power, and the whole class will not be reduced to the serfs of the former military households.

Suppressing the civil servants of the imperial examination together with the nobles, at least ensured that the generals would not kowtow to the civil servants like the third grandson.

The reverse checks and balances of imperial civil servants and nobles ensured that these good families and officials would not become Mamluks, Janissaries, or generals of the Han Dynasty.

Every three years, only three or five are elected to serve as Langguan and Dragon Guards, and civil servants can also accept it, which is what Li Gan and Liu Yu said "the name is justified".

He is the emperor, not the chief. Once the imperial examinations are held, it is impossible to allow anyone to pass the exam. The process that should go must be completed.

It can be regarded as an institutional guarantee, but it is actually useless: Chongzhen, a half-way emperor, kills ministers like killing dogs.If the emperor really employs people casually, there is actually no power to stop it. It is just a self-deception that both sides think is useful.

This is the stable state of the government left by Emperor Taizong, and it is also a place where the civil servants of the imperial examination cannot reach out anyway. Therefore, the emperor must pay attention to the selection of policy theory after the big exam.

The overall level of Confucianism culture in Wude Palace is very sparse.

Most of the writing is mediocre, and such things as micro-speaking, righteousness, Wang Zhengde, etc. can also be ridiculed by Juren and even scholars as nonsense.

In order to prevent the emperor from approving the handwriting when he saw that the writing was good, the papers were sent out by the writing room, and then handed over after copying them.

This is not to prevent cheating. This kind of selection itself is cheating of the imperial power. It is just to prevent the emperor from looking at the good handwriting and changing the selection of "Langguan" to "Cifu".

In addition, being selected as the dragon ban is directly the third rank and the third rank, and the rank is too high. The selection of policy theory must be selected together by the veterans in the Tianyou Temple, and the most important thing is knowledge and talent.

As soon as the papers were delivered, almost everyone could guess which one was Liu Yu's article after just a few glances.

Like crows among pigeons and lambs among black pigs, the whole style is completely different from what others have written.

The entire Tianyou Hall was silent, everyone including Li Gan was carefully reading Liu Yu's historical policy theory on the "Western Regions Issue".

There are nearly [-] words in eloquence, and it has been written for several feet.

It's not that no one has written such a long essay before. The bottom line for policy theory is [-] words, and more than [-] words is fine. If you want, no one will care about your writing before it gets dark.

The reason why it can be seen at a glance that this is obviously Liu Yu's is because there are several appendices and diagrams attached to the back. Everyone present can't think of anyone except Liu Yu who can come up with such a weird thing.

There is basically no controversy about the content in front of the historical theory.

First, let’s talk about the Mongolian issue. Because of the Mongolian law code, the Yellow Sect has become the ethnic religion of Mongolia, so the snow mountains must be controlled, otherwise Mongolia will not be stable.

However, if Xueshan wants to be controlled, the Hexi Corridor and Qinghai must be in hand, as well as the Western Regions. Only the Western Regions can threaten Xueshan, a religious holy place.

Then it was demonstrated that the rise of the Xiongnu, Mongols, and Hou Jin could not be achieved only by nomadic water and grass. Only by occupying agricultural land can they be able to produce enough armor, muskets, and cannons, so that they can truly threaten the rule of the Central Plains.

The Junggar tribe occupies the Western Regions, where there are many cities and many handicraft industries.

Since ancient times, the Western Regions has been a place where east and west meet, and Zhunbu can obtain muskets and cannons from Persia, Mughal, Rakshasa and other countries.

Therefore, the Junggar tribe is stronger than the Khalkha tribe trapped in the Mongolian plateau.

Now that the Rakshasa is rising in the north, if the Zhunbu is allowed to toss in the northwest, and if the Rakshasa supports the Zhunbu in the future, then the risk of the country is still very high.

India in the south was also infiltrated by countries such as France and England.One day, if India is infiltrated, the Western Regions will become a bridgehead against the Westerners and a barrier to defend the holy land of snow mountains and control Mongolia.

If the Zhunbu could be split up, three-quarters of the Mongolian ministries would be in the hands of Guochao.

In this way, as the true suzerain of the various tribes of Mongolia, he can also take the opportunity to lure the Kalmyks in the Raksha country, which can disrupt the Raksha people in the future, and become an important card in future diplomacy with the Raksha people.

Of course, it is just a card, but it cannot really support the independence of the Kalmyks.

Because the two countries must carve up Mongolia's heritage at the same time, the Mongolian tribes cannot be allowed to have an independent political entity, and the surrendered Mongolian tribes should not be separated.

But with a good operation and a good grasp, it can be disgusting enough for Rakshasa people.

To sum up, no matter what, we must take back the Western Regions.

After demonstrating the necessity of taking back the Western Regions, he flattered the emperor again.

It is said that the emperor is wise and powerful, far-sighted and savvy, and he resists all opinions... Anyway, he used all kinds of commendatory words. The previous northern expedition to Luocha made the Khalkha tribe choose the correct team at the two ends of the first rat, so as to recover in the future The Western Regions opened up another route to advance.

On the one hand, the Mongolian tribes of the Khalkha tribe can be used as cannon fodder, and on the other hand, the threat of the Zhunbu makes the Khalkha tribe pinch their noses and can only contribute people to build post stations.

Once the post stations and military depots are completed, the army can choose to advance along the Hexi Corridor when marching into the Western Regions. I can also go.

If it's just here, this is a qualified policy theory.

The diction is generous, well-founded, and the argument is rigorous.

Based on this, he can be named the leader among the group of people in Wude Palace.

however……

It's only a thousand or two hundred words here.

The real stuff is still behind.

The subsequent turning point was really big, which made everyone present, including the emperor, dumbfounded.

I don't know if it's a dog's tail, superfluous?
Or crested head and leopard tail, the finishing touch?
After these thousand or two hundred words, the diction was changed, using a turning point in the story of carving a boat and seeking a sword, and jumped directly to a deeper level.

It was also this level of jump that allowed everyone present to be sure that this was Liu Yu's theory.

Because he jumped out of the traditional concept of the world, but looked at it from a larger perspective, expanding the concept of the world to eighty thousand li Zhouhuan.

Looking at the issue of the Western Regions from the perspective of a larger world, it leads to a completely unexpected conclusion.

From the Western Expedition of Mongolia to the rise of Ottoman, and then to the discovery of the New World by Columbus, the Spaniards opened up silver mines in America. It is said that the Ming Dynasty led to a large amount of silver inflow, and the excessive issuance of banknotes led to the loss of trust in credit currency. currency.

After that, a whip method confirmed the status of silver as a legal tender. However, after its promotion, it encountered the 30-year war in Europe and Japan's closed-door policy.

The Celestial Dynasty already had little silver and relied entirely on silver from Europe and Japan.The change of the tax law has led to the situation in many places that the price of grain is extremely low during harvest, but the tax has to be paid in silver, which has added to the burden on the bottom...

This is only less than 300 words, but it encapsulates the magnificence of the previous [-] years in the period.

Including Li Gan, all the reviewers read this with a coherent mentality of shock, suspicion and disbelief, and sudden enlightenment.

They never thought about why silver became currency, they just took it for granted that silver was naturally currency.

It was when they were born.

It was the same when their father and grandfather were born.

It's as natural as wearing gauze when it's hot and fur coat when it's cold.

After reading these three hundred words, they realized that even the things they took for granted were not taken for granted, but because of various factors.

If the Ottomans did not rise, perhaps the Europeans would not have made great voyages.

If Spain hadn't discovered the big silver mountain in South America, then the amount of silver would not be enough for Zhuxia to complete the monetization of silver. Without enough silver, they could only find ways to use Jiaozi banknotes.

These factors led to silver becoming the currency after the Longqing period.

The ensuing 30-year war and Japan's national lock-up were even more unexpected to them. No one would have thought that a war [-] miles away would affect China.

Almost just this sentence deepened the impression Liu Yu wanted to instill in these people: the concept of the world has changed.

The real world is eighty thousand miles away.

It is no longer the previous Kyushu plus tributary vassal.

External changes can also greatly affect the stability of the Celestial Dynasty's rule.

Only when the concept of the world is different from before, can the follow-up argument be tenable.

But everyone didn't continue to read any further, and they all stopped after reading this.

Either frowning and thinking hard about the logic, or taking a deep breath and secretly admitting the connection.

They know that there is a shortage of silver mines in this dynasty.

Before silver, copper coins and banknotes were legal tender, and they knew it.

It seems that all of the above is really the case.

The concept of Tianxia is no longer what it used to be.

The west wind can also bring east rain.

The shock brought by these three hundred words is really too great.

I don't want to believe it.

But I have to believe it.

Li Gan put down the test paper and asked everyone to stop first, and couldn't help asking: "Do you think Liu... er, is there any truth to what this examinee said about Baiyin?"

The emperor can be sure that it was written by Liu Yu, and everyone present can also be sure that it was written by Liu Yu, but it is difficult to say it at this time.

You look at me and I look at you for a few ordinary things, and then said after a while: "Maybe it makes sense. The Celestial Dynasty has been short of silver since ancient times, and now it is also short of copper coins, so before the Ming Dynasty, Jiaozi was used more. Before the Song Dynasty, or so people said, The population is small, the business is not wide, and the corn is collected as a tax, and the coins are enough. After the population increases, the goods and breeds converge, and silver is collected as a tax, if there is not enough silver, it will definitely not be able to make money. "

"Japan has a lot of silver, and America in the West, according to what it says, has more mountains of silver. The Celestial Dynasty has a wealth of exquisite things, all of which can be exchanged for silver. Only when there is enough silver inflow, can money be made."

"It's just that what he said is that Japan's lock-up and the old and new religious disputes in the West can affect the Celestial Dynasty? This... before this, no one has ever talked about it. It sounds reasonable, but is it true?"

Paying attention to quoting scriptures, it was difficult to understand for a while, as if the sage never talked about this matter.

But these short [-] words are clear and logical, and it is really hard to refute.

When everyone was still thinking about it, Zuo Pingzhang frowned and said: "Your Majesty, if this is true, then there is a big problem."

"So much silver that flowed into China could make China use silver as a tax currency, or flow in from Japan or from the West, always have to exchange things for silver, and have to go through customs."

"From the opening of Longqing in the previous dynasty to the Jiashen year, it took only 80 years... so much silver flowed into Hong Kong to pay taxes."

"What about the tax? Why haven't I seen it before?"

In a word, everyone present was fooled.

Li Gan also frowned, thinking: That's right!What about taxes?
Since the silver flowed in from the outside, it was so much that the Celestial Dynasty could use silver as a tax currency. What about the customs tax for such a large amount?

The city ship tariffs of the previous dynasty simply confiscated so much.

Or, there is something wrong with Liu Yu's deduction.

There has been silver in China since ancient times, but the predecessors were stupid and didn't know how to add copper coins with silver, so they had to use Jiaozi to make up for the lack of currency.

Or... it is this tax, which is a big problem.

(End of this chapter)