Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1438 Disagreement ([-])

All communication with the emperor must be based on the current status quo, Dashun's ability, and the emperor's purpose.

There are many reasons.

But if you want to talk about serving the people and telling the emperor, that's not even playing the piano against the cow.

So, Liu Yu talked about some cannibalism.

"Your Majesty, please use Fusang to move civil affairs, try to say."

"The origin of the emigration in Fusang is that industry and commerce need people there, and the money a person can make for the employer is higher than the cost of sailing across the ocean. Therefore, immigration is a matter, and it can be done."

"Originally a gold and silver mining industry."

"Later, it gradually became logging, shipbuilding, and salt drying."

"So much so that it goes to textiles, iron smelting, etc."

"If it weren't for this, it might be difficult to complete it with the power of the court."

"So far, I believe that this matter is beneficial to the country, and the means are feasible."

The emperor nodded, acknowledging this.

"What Aiqing said is very true. Fusang moved to the civil affairs, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone."

"Firstly, gold and silver were mined, and the national treasury was abundant, which also provided the basis for currency reform."

"Secondly, to make sure that the Yellow River course, after occupying the land, will not make hundreds of thousands of people unemployed and become refugees."

"It is exactly as you said, it is something that really benefits the country and the people."

Liu Yu said again: "Your Majesty, the root cause is that the money a person can earn for his employer is higher than the fare for a ship traveling across the ocean, and higher than the wages paid. Therefore, relocation can be accomplished."

These words, in fact, can be expressed in two or four words in later generations.

exploit.

remaining value.

However, Liu Yu and the emperor spoke very shallowly and avoided these two words.Of course, having said that, the emperor didn't understand either.

Even if we consider exploitation and surplus value, the real problem facing Dashun is not that simple.

Lao Ma said: [How is the surplus value generated?It does not arise from circulation, but it is realized in circulation. 】

Surplus value depends on production.

But realization requires circulation, and it must be realized in circulation.

This is the real connotation of Dashun's immigration in North America: to create circulation, to realize the surplus value, so that capital has to migrate labor.

Circulation, you have to consider transportation, cost, market and other issues.

Otherwise, it cannot be circulated.

Without circulation, the surplus value cannot be realized.

This kind of circulation, what Liu Yu guided was in line with what Lao Ma said.

Fuso immigration across the ocean, the cost is extremely high.

Gold and silver were the only things that could be circulated in the early stage, so the relocation of Fusang people had to start with gold and silver mines.

After the gold and silver mines started, the population increased, so that food, wood, cotton cloth, salt, etc. could be circulated.

They can be circulated, which contributes to the realization of more surplus value.

The realization of more surplus value contributed to the eastward transfer of labor force.

This is what Liu Yu wants to say to the emperor:

Namely, the labor force, shifted eastward.

Fusang immigration is only the prelude and general rehearsal of the "eastward transfer of labor force" within the larger scope of Dashun.

The reason why it is called a general rehearsal is because many industries of Fusang relocation are also oriented towards the "external market".

Whether it is wine and wool from Xinyizhou; or cotton and cotton cloth from Jinshan area.

Mainly for foreign markets.

Liquor in Xinyizhou is sold to the French and aborigines.

Cotton cloth from the Jinshan area was sold to the Spanish colonies in Central and South America.

Therefore, this can almost be regarded as a general rehearsal of Dashun’s “eastward transfer of labor force”.

That is to say, Dashun relied on overseas markets, the "distribution of spoils" of World War I, and the vast world trade from Northern Europe to Japan to complete the start of industrialization and the continued development of industry and commerce.

Indeed, at this time, considering the "per capita" grain, Nanyang's rice cannot be compared with Henan's per capita, because of transportation reasons, this per capita is meaningless.

However, since "per capita" food in coastal areas is meaningful, it can be transported by sea.

So, food can’t go to people, and people can’t go to food?
Food has no legs.

But people have long legs.

Of course, in practice, it must be more troublesome.

Moreover, it will also leave very serious sequelae.

But, at least, this way of thinking can solve the problem of "sufficient population in industry and commerce" in a logical manner.

This problem is not a problem for Liu Yu, or for people in later generations.

But for the current Dashun, it is a problem.

What's more, this issue is still in the stage of "theoretical research", and even the stage of "technical verification" has not yet been reached-it must first be theoretically proved that there is such a possibility that industry and commerce can accommodate such a large population.

If even theoretical calculations cannot be justified, then no one will believe this "future" at this time.

Everyone will wonder, how is it possible?How can industry and commerce accommodate such a large population?

Including those thoughtful Confucian scholars, when they considered the issue of land equalization, they were directly stuck on this issue, which made their idea of ​​land equalization a fantasy.

For example, Li Wei didn't solve this problem, but he discovered this problem again, but he couldn't believe that industry and commerce could accommodate so many people.

So in the end, his idea of ​​equal land can only be based on "emptiness" - by the way, corresponding to the increase in population, he also thinks that industry and commerce cannot accommodate such a large population, so he conceived in vain [150 [-] acres of low-grade fields, after working, the low-grade fields can be upgraded to high-grade fields, so one portion can be divided into three] Such a completely vain fantasy.

At this time in Dashun, with the development of the times and the transformation of Liu Yu, his descendants and grandchildren continued and developed this theory - a comprehensive reaction, the restoration of the patriarchal system for the whole people, the eldest son inherits the land, and the second son goes overseas to distribute the land. field.

This is not only a palliative but not a root cause, but it is actually a line dispute that does not believe that industry and commerce can accommodate such a large population.

To say that it is a line dispute does not mean that their idea of ​​advancing with the times is not feasible, nor does it mean that it may not be applicable.

Rather, for the school of practical learning, even if it can be used, it is only a means, not the ultimate goal.

Even if the radicals in the factual school want to equalize the land first and then concentrate on immigration, they only use immigration as a means, and the ultimate goal is to alleviate the pain of difficult childbirth for "the birth of a new era from the mother of the old era."

It does not mean that it is necessary to carry out a full-scale reaction, restore the patriarchal system of the whole people, the law of rites, the eldest son's succession, the second son's re-division and colonization, and finally return to the well field.

But now, the reason why Liu Yu's theory has fans is that it can be justified in terms of theoretical calculations.

Beyond the words of the old sages.

This set of theories, if summed up, has two key points.

If these two key points cannot be explained, then it cannot be explained theoretically.

The first one: food per capita.

People don't love food, they just use it. No one has a eccentricity and insists on collecting food for fun; no one can eat [-] or [-] jin of food for a meal just because he is an aristocrat.

The difference between love and use has been explained very clearly by the pre-Qin great sage.

Therefore, under the condition that the total grain output of Dashun remains unchanged, the work of many farmers is essentially "ineffective labor" on a macro level, and it does not increase the total grain output of Dashun—this is not in conflict with intensive farming It is true that two-year three-cropping requires more labor than rough agriculture, but it is not so much that in some areas of North China, "one mu of land requires an average of half a person to take care of it".

How big is an acre of land?Draw a circle, stand in the center of the circle and throw a standard shot put, human beings can hit the outside of the circle.

That being the case, it might as well put more people into industry and commerce.

And the basis of these is the "national wealth" theory, that is, what is the sum of national wealth.

(End of this chapter)