Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1517 Final Chapter Ninety-Three Years (End)
The so-called plethora crisis, or overproduction crisis, has never been seen before.

Normally, the steps for human beings to understand the world are to first discover problems and then summarize the laws.But Dashun's side is different after all. Before it happened, someone had actually seen it.

Moreover, in Dashun itself, the three crooked classics system of economics involves the issue of landlords, and the concept of "effective demanders" was cast on it from the very beginning. It is precisely the rentier class in Dashun who are looking for rationality for their existence In the process, the problem of "those who cannot sell things and have no effective demand" has been raised.

Now some people in Dashun who have opened their eyes to see the world are very clear in their hearts that Dashun's economy is extremely overheated.

After the development of the Fusang Gold and Silver Mine before and after Liu Yu's escape, a large amount of precious metals flowed into Dashun, finally solving the currency shortage that had plagued him since the middle of the Ming Dynasty.A large amount of currency coincided with the emergence of the achievements of the first industrial revolution in Dashun and the victory of the First World War. It can be said that it has gone through a period of roaring development for 20 years.

The world is such a big place. Needless to say, the situation in Europe, India, East Asia, and Africa, many problems have already been buried.

And the rest of the Americas, especially South America, which is crucial to the world economy at this time-so far, South America is still an existence that can cause world shocks in this era when gold and silver are the world currency-in fact, it must problem occurs.

The end of World War I injected a boost to the aging Spain.The ambitious Carlos III felt that he could do it again. Seizing the prestige of Dashun's victory in World War I as a victorious country after participating in the war, he carried out a series of reforms to strengthen centralization.

Reforms, especially reforms to strengthen centralization, if you don't have the skills, it's best not to reform them blindly.If you don’t change well, it’s easy to lose yourself.

At home, they fought against the Jesuits, confiscated real estate, ordered them to return to secular life, limited the number of priests, and so on.

As for the colonies, it is the "local tyrants" who began to clean up the colonies - the Spanish colonies are divided into the peninsula people in the suzerain country, and the mixed-race people who mixed with the Indians after the early years, or the white people born in the colonies for several generations .The latter can be regarded as a local tyrant, after all, it has been deeply rooted for hundreds of years.

Carlos III's policy is actually to send local officials there to exchange blood, and by the way, to clean up the problem of close relations between colonial officials and local powerful factions.

The problem is that among the nearly 400 million South American whites at this time, the so-called "peninsula people", that is, those born in the mainland, only have about 3 people.

The Manchu Qing ruled, and they also knew how to conduct imperial examinations and employ scholars to maintain it.

Carlos III's reform did not know the heights of the sky and the earth at all. He recruited a large number of officials and priests from the original local faction, and replaced them with the local faction.

In itself, the middle and lower classes are dissatisfied with the mother country.

This time, the local tyrants, squires and other upper classes were also offended.

Then if this is not rebellious, it will really be hell.

In fact, this kind of thing is very normal. Dashun has only been operating in Fusang for decades, and the local tyrants have already appeared. Regarding Dashun’s control of Fusang’s land and restrictions on land transactions, as well as the prohibition of enclosing land without permission The policy of speculation is already quite dissatisfied.

However, Spain is Spain, and Dashun is Dashun.

Dashun was the main force to win the World War I, while Spain was purely a hitchhiker.

Dashun's population and military strength are more than enough to hold down the colonial powers, and Spain's designation is not acceptable.The key is that Spain was poor in the early years. Before Dashun entered the war, Spain felt that the war was clouded and began to recruit troops in South America and use South American finances to raise troops to guard against British invasion. This also made a large number of people of mixed race or locals Pai has the barrel of a gun-a kind of team training.

Of course, the most critical thing is the policies on both sides.

Dashun's attitude towards the North American colonies has inherited Liu Yu's policy system - the pressure relief valve.Sooner or later, we can't control it, and all policies are as convenient as possible for people to go there.

Therefore, the policy is “under the orthodox colonial technique, the existence of social relations such as the forced creation of capital”, namely: state ownership of land—administrative endowment of land prices—relocation—wage labor—money buying land for self-cultivators—next waves of immigration.

This makes this kind of policy, as well as the capitalists in North America, have to rely on this weird colonial policy maintained by the mother country system to keep their industries from collapsing.

Some big businessmen thought about engaging in land speculation and were dissatisfied with Dashun's land policy.But the real industrial capital is attached to the home country.

Yes, hold on.

As for Spain's colonial policy, and Spain's local production capacity, there is no need to mention it-in a word, Spain's colonial commercial policy, as long as Dashun's handicraft level, there is nothing wrong with it; No, the Jewish Moorish Protestants have been purged, and they still play the mercantilist colonial policy and want to treat the colonies as their own markets, which is pure bullshit.

With the victory of the First World War, the settlement of the Gibraltar and Luzon issues, the development of the Chilean saltpeter mine and the demand of Dashun, and the cooperation between the Spanish royal family and Dashun’s industrial production capacity, the control policy was tightened again, and Latin America had an accident. is inevitable.

However, nothing has happened yet.

In the past 20 years, Latin America has also become a newly developed market for Dashun.

In addition: Li Yan put pressure on Japan for the second time for the soybean issue, continued expansion and development in the direction of India, the victory of World War I and the prosperity of the "concession comprador" in Amsterdam...

In order to protect the natural economy, Dashun adopted a policy of dividing the internal and external.

The large amount of capital that Fusang poured in could not go deep into the mainland to buy and stockpile land, which was too much to hold back, and with such a large market after World War I, the investment was naturally crazy.

Cotton industry, commercial canals, commercial railroads in pioneer lands and colonies, iron and coal mining, shipbuilding, shipping, cotton indigo plantations, glassmaking, paper, porcelain, steam-pressed tea foam, estates in pioneer cities, architecture ...

Vigorous vitality and all things unfolding are all "modest".

It's already crazy.

The problem is that this crazy vitality was established under the basically stable and peaceful world order after World War I, and it was also established under the background of Dashun's seizure of the world market under the banner of free trade.

However, Europe seems to be in chaos. After the end of World War I, France is the core of Europe. If France is in chaos, the whole of Europe will be in chaos.And the chaos in France is already inevitable. Reforms like pancakes, natural order today, Colbertism tomorrow, and reform lovers who turn left and right horizontal bars have pushed this chaos to a critical point. .

The problem in India, along with Dashun’s need to eat even the “spinning industry” to accommodate more employed people, and the use of mule spinning machines, and Dashun’s familiar land system in India, small estates The problem of usurious land mergers caused by the system reform is also about to explode.

Persia has been messed up.

Japan is also ready to move.

The Latin American issue, and because of Dashun's post-war treatment of Britain in World War I, detonated the trend of Latin American independence in thought - free trade.

This incident, how to put it, can be regarded as a reason for "you will reap melons if you sow melons, and you will reap beans if you sow beans".

Spain's colonial policy restricted the development of industry and commerce in Latin America.

However, Latin America’s industry and commerce are restricted, so there is no industrial class that contradicts Dashun’s free trade slogan: for example, in Lyon, Lyon’s silk craftsmen would like to burn Liu Yu’s coffin boards to burn his bones to ashes; In Xia, the cotton textile workers wanted to burn all the merchant ships in Dashun.

But the problem is that Spain’s previous colonial policy made Latin America neither Lyon nor Lancashire—it would have been possible. In the mid-Ming Dynasty, Mexico’s silk industry used Asian silk, which was quite developed. As a result, Spain was killed.

As a result, on the issue of class, the upper class in Latin America tends to favor free trade.

Because the tyrants in Latin America are either big landowners or large manor owners, and they have no conflict with Dashun's industry, and they are eager to use cheaper goods.

However, after Spain won World War I, the result of negotiations with Dashun was that Spain continued to engage in semi-monopoly trade with the royal family based on Dashun's supply of goods.

That is to say, yes, I don’t have any industrial production capacity in Spain, but I get goods from Dashun. Doesn’t this mean that the goods grow out of merchant ships?As long as the merchant ship belongs to the royal family, isn't the profit the royal family's?

And the tyrants and locals in Latin America are not engaged in industry, not even handicrafts.They naturally had a good impression of the free trade that Dashun chanted when it dealt with Britain, and spread a large number of books, completing the economic enlightenment movement.

In addition, Dashun, France, Spain, Portugal, etc., all joined forces to kill the Jesuits after the Lisbon earthquake, which also caused many radical ideas to spread in Latin America.

Historically, Adam Smith, who sprayed British economic philosophy, was a "philosophy of production" and did not consider issues from the perspective of consumers at all.

Dashun, which won the First World War, and its free trade with the British call sign, are also sprayed from this perspective: You see, you have accumulated for 200 years, with so much gold and silver, you should live a better life .If you want to engage in free trade, it will be beneficial to every consumer. People who used to only wear linen can now upgrade their consumption to cotton.

And Spain's Latin American colonies, because of Spain's previous colonial policy, had no industry at all, and of course, neither did Spain.

This makes this "economics of consumption rather than production" very popular in Latin America.

The Spanish system is not the same as the Colbert doctrine.

The Colbert Doctrine refers to fiercely increasing tariffs to protect domestic industries, replacing domestic industries as much as possible, and using tax and treasury revenues directly as primitive accumulation to inject capital into industries.

In Spain, the royal family monopolizes trade. Under free trade, cloth that can be sold for one yuan can be sold for two yuan in Latin America. The royal family is acting as a second-hand dealer.

This is not to say that it is absolutely impossible to be a second-hand dealer. Primitive accumulation is such a thing that "heroes" don't ask where they came from, but cheating, abducting and stealing are all fine.

It is not impossible to be a second-hand dealer in primitive accumulation, which is equivalent to imposing consumption tax on Latin America.

The problem is that as a second-hand trafficker, the money was earned, and the smuggling problem was solved, but Spain was used to spending money, and the money it earned did not develop industries at all, but was spent.

For Dashun.

Or, for Li Yan at this time.

The point of this matter is indeed that Latin America is going to be chaotic.

But the focus of chaos in Latin America is not the outbreak of plethora.

As far as Dashun's overheated economy is concerned, and the impending chaos in Europe, India, and Persia, there will be more or less chaos in Latin America, and it will have little effect on Dashun's economic plethora.

Five or eight with it, forty without it.

The key lies in Li Yan's judgment of prosperity after the crisis.

If we say... Europe is in chaos, Spain is collapsing, and Latin America is divided.

As far as the class situation in Latin America is concerned at this time, there are basically no industries, and the big manors and landlords are definitely inclined to free trade.

At that time, doesn't it mean that the door will be open, and after the crisis, Dashun will be able to obtain a market that is absolutely inclined to free trade, huge, and very close to the reclamation of Fusang, which can detonate the next wave of prosperity in Dashun after the crisis ?

Unless there is a strongman in Latin America.Strong enough to unify Latin America, and after the end, he was still an industrialist. After being separated from Spain, he practiced Kerberism, ruled harshly internally, cleaned up the natural order faction, and forcibly pulled industry up.

However, this possibility is too small to be ignored.Landlords and peasants can't figure it out. If the powerful families of the big manor ownership system want to separate, the industry should be pulled down.

Therefore, the "line of hope" that Li Yan believes is "taking advantage of the cyclical nature of the crisis."

That is to say, when the crisis broke out and asset prices plummeted, the state treasury and banks were used to purchase the plummeting assets, so that the proportion of the government-owned economy controlled by the imperial court increased rapidly.

Playing like this is of course easy to crash.

However, what if after playing this trick, there will be a wave of prosperity immediately?
Moreover, the Latin American issue and Dashun's Fusang immigration issue complement each other, after all, they are closer.

If Europe is in chaos, Spain is bombed, and Latin America is divided, Dashun can instantly turn Latin America into a world by relying on its size, advantages, and the foundation of Chile's saltpeter copper mine trade, as well as its previous cooperation with the Spanish royal family. Become a dumping ground for your own products.

At least, it can prosper after the crisis.

As for the bombing in Spain... During World War I, Liu Yu laid the groundwork.The issue of Gibraltar and Luzon has never been resolved. The chaos in France and the explosion of Spain will definitely find an entry point for Dashun.

And this issue, for Dashun, is ultimately a matter of "redemption".

Redemption, redemption, you have to have something before you can redeem it.You have nothing, how to redeem and buy?
Li Yan and the prince made it very clear that although the railway to the northeast was built before and completed the transformation of landlords in Shandong, it was actually exchanged for the land north of the Songliao watershed.

However, Dashun's land situation, as well as the deformed economy based on agricultural surplus in the interior, and the strong small-scale peasant economy, relying on the so-called idea of ​​"tenant redemption, landlords get capital, and then invest in business" is pure nonsense.

Take Rakshasa's serfdom reform as an example. The issue of redemption is different in Dashun and Russia.

The serf reform and redemption in Russia essentially privatized the public land, and the peasants paid the landlords, so that the landlords could quickly get their original accumulation; and the serfs who originally had land were mixed into migrant workers who had nothing.Thus, agricultural development, industrial development.Because Russia's agriculture was so backward that the serfdom system could be preserved until then, so it became a model where landlords had land and hired people to cultivate, and agriculture would indeed develop slowly.Moreover, by the way, a large number of free farmers who did not even have their land were created to work in factories.

But Dashun's problem is exactly the opposite.

Does Dashun lack people to work in factories?
No shortage.

Dashun’s redemption is to privatize the public land, and then mass-produce landlords and rich peasants to develop agriculture?

No.

On the contrary, Dashun's redemption is an attempt to eliminate landlords and mass-produce self-cultivating farmers.

Why?

Because the yield per mu in Dashun is not low now, and the basic ceiling in the era of blast furnace iron and cattle farming, the problem to be solved is the problem that a large number of people will soon be unable to eat, rather than creating a large number of operating landlords.

In other words, Dashun does not want capital to flow up to the cultivated land at all.

In the case of Russia, capital flows upwards to the cultivated land, and the yield per mu can increase steadily, productivity develops, and agricultural products improve.

The situation in Dashun is the basic ceiling of the era of blast furnace iron cattle farming and ridge farming. Capital flows upwards to the land, and the yield per mu basically does not increase. Instead, they all regard the land as a fixed asset investment and wait to collect land rent.

Therefore, since it is not a similar situation at all, then don't ask Jiandong to imitate you.

The purpose of the redemption policy is simply to force capital to go to industry instead of land, at least not to go to land in the interior.As for being in the colony, you can run as you like.

In other words, because the return on investment in the industry is too low, far lower than the return on buying land and collecting rent under the intensification of population expansion and land conflicts.

Dashun can only choose this kind of weird method: I can't solve the problem of low return rate, so I just let you have no chance to return it?
This is exactly the opposite of the redemption of the serfdom reform in the European sense.

Over there is the privatization of public land, mass production of landlords and rich peasants.

On the other hand, Dashun is nationalizing private land, at least canceling its ability to be used as a financial investment.

Therefore, the essence of the problem has never been the redemption itself, but the problem of "capital flows upwards to industry, and industrial and commercial capital cannot flow back to agriculture".

Redemption itself is not the essence.

But the redemption itself is the key.

In name, what is said in the world, is it the land of the king?

But really that's bullshit.

At that time Li Zicheng still called Juntian free of grain, and finally Xinshun was established, isn't it still not even?If you dare to share the land, people will shave their hair.

The peasant-soldier uprising in Yongdianquan in Fujian was brought by the local gentry with the "Manchurian prince" to suppress it. After all, they were not familiar with the road.

The change of slaves in Yixian County was also the result of [the great scholars in the city went to beg for teachers in the county, and began to take the lead to rebel against the slaves.Those who are sincere will lend their lives to death, and they will serve as servants as before.]

The Taicang slave change was also after the gentry welcomed the "master of the king". After the suppression, the gentry shaved their hair without compromising: slaves said that slaves should not rest with heaven and earth, so it is true slaves...

Therefore, if you don't directly raise your troops to revolt, but want to improve the law, you can only buy it.

Redeem it, at least if you directly equalize the land, you will definitely resist, maybe you will think about it, hey, I will not resist.

The pressure will be much less.

Since it is about redemption, there must be something in order to be redeemed.

Nothing, how to redeem?
It is meaningless for the small peasants to redeem themselves.

The small peasants redeem themselves and still pay the rent to the landlord.That is to say, after 20, 30 or [-] years, the land will be yours.

Didn't you pay the rent before that?
For the rent paid before, the landlord didn't say to invest in the industry, did he?
Only by turning "redemption into compulsory industrial bonds and compulsory national debt savings" can this matter make sense.

That is to say, the landlord's money is forced to flow to the industry to complete the transformation.

They don't know how to turn or what to do, so the court needs to force them to turn and direct them to do it.

But Dashun is still facing a new problem.

That's what Li Yan said. Along with external expansion, economic prosperity, trade surplus, and North American gold and silver, the capital of the pioneering regions is strong.As long as there is a real profitable industry, it is the turn of the government to run it during the 20 years of crazy roaring development?

Even if the redemption is regarded as mandatory industrial bonds, where will the Dashun court vote?
Seeing that the plethora crisis is about to break out, at this time, it is impatient to engage in compulsory industrial bonds and invest wildly?
Herein lies the difference.

What does the Juntian of the Xian school mean?
redemption?Redeem a fart, directly equalize, after the equalization is over, the country will become the biggest landlord.

Collect land rent, set up shipyards, and relocate people, without any consideration of profits, returns, and the like.

According to the per-mu tax limit of about 1 million taels a year, or directly converted into grain.

Government-run shipbuilding, iron smelting, agricultural machinery, animal husbandry and other industries.

Official recruitment of sailors, sailors, teachers, etc.

Send people to Fusang wave after wave, until the foundation of "a family of five, a field of one hundred acres" is finally completed, and then the industry will be fully rolled out.

To solve the problem that the industry and commerce in the interior of Dashun all rely on compulsory land rent and agricultural surplus, and turn the service objects of industry and commerce into agricultural producers, that is, each has enough land to produce for the purpose of exchange value. yeoman.

In this process, the imperial court needed high pressure, an extremely powerful state machine, and an inflated bureaucratic system that made the redundant officials of the Song Dynasty feel ashamed.

No investment or return is considered at all, and the investment is purely based on the mandatory taxation of small farmers. It will be carried out in 30, until Fusang has a population of 6000 million, and Southern Ocean and Xinkuwu have a population of [-] to [-] million. The average field per [-] mu of land per household.

The root cause of Li Yan's opposition to this is very simple: the court will handle the difficult things that are co-authored.The bourgeoisie does not make any effort in the whole process, but waits for the formation of a large market with a population of [-] to [-] million, and develops it with all its strength, right?At that time, the industry will be dominated by you, the power of the bourgeoisie will expand infinitely, and the huge internal contradictions that can kill you will disappear. So what is the use of the emperor?
In the new era you imagined, is there an emperor?
Co-author, this is the bitter hatred of pressing the gold thread every year and making wedding clothes for others, right?

As for the fear of forming something new like the Guanlong Group and the Huaixi Group, that's secondary.

As for the so-called progressive emperor, the essence is just one sentence: jump left and right, provoke conflicts, and be the benefactor of all classes.

For example, Li Yan envisioned the Henan and Anhui regions as scarecrows to frighten the emerging classes and eliminate the radical thoughts of Dashun in recent years.

This matter is done by the Xian School, which is very different from the emperor's approach.

If the school of the obvious school does it, it must be a bunch of officials and grassroots officials with practical knowledge, and they will lead soldiers to equalize the land.After that, tax collection, industrial development, and emigration.

During this process, there will definitely be a lot of dissatisfaction.

The dissatisfaction of the landlords, the gentry, the dissatisfaction of the original owner farmers, the dissatisfaction of the fields and bones, etc., etc., a lot.

These dissatisfaction must be aimed at the court.If you can't hold it down, it's easy to make big troubles.

As for the ideas of the school itself, it is not a combination with the working people, it is purely a top-down "salvation", if there is no such thing as the young crop law, it will be hell.

But what Li Yan did was quite different.

Let go of the capital that was suffocated in the crisis, and within two or three years at most, the anger and grievances in the Henan and Anhui regions can be directly blown up.

And the Henan and Anhui areas are dead, especially with the Huaihe River governance, Yellow River diversion, railway construction, and after the first prosperity, the divided areas make this kind of uprising, in Li Yan's view, controllable.

Relying on the uprising, using a method similar to the "Refugees Map" incident, the radical thought will ebb, and at the same time, the traditional faction will have fear and dissatisfaction with the emerging class.

Then since it is an uprising, it must be killing people.

This was not killed by the court.

Killed by the insurgents.

Landlords, squires, compradors, merchants, etc., kill a wave, won't this land lease be vacant?
With the construction of the railway, the diversion of the Yellow River, and the governance of the Huaihe River, this wave of uprisings has no way to flow, and it will not become a major event in the end.

How did Liu Yu destroy Yangzhou back then?In addition to the general background of changing water transport to sea transport, there were also intentional connivance of the rebel army, scaring the wealthy merchants to bring capital to Songsu.

Li Yan felt that since you can do it, I can't do it?
At that time, there will be a wave of tossing, and after the event, it will be suppressed or recruited, and then the vacated land will be collected as official land and divided to win people's hearts.

By the way, a wave of "conservative" new troops who have blood feuds with the emerging classes have been pulled out to station in the starting areas.

Thus.

For the bourgeoisie, it was the emperor who wiped his ass, otherwise this group of rebels would not rush to you and hang you on a tree?
The emperor is the benefactor of the bourgeoisie.

For landless poor peasants and unemployed handicraftsmen, the emperor collected the land and distributed it to you.

The emperor was the benefactor of these poor peasants and unemployed craftsmen.

For the hired workers, the crisis itself and the unemployment caused by the uprising, the emperor recruited a group of troops and sent a group of people to Fusang for reclamation.

The emperor was the one who hired these workers.

For the landlords, of course, it doesn’t matter if the landlords who have been killed are dead. For the landlords in other places, it was the emperor who extinguished the uprising.

The emperor was the benefactor of the landowners and gentry elsewhere.

After this wave of tossing, the situation in Henan and Anhui will be greatly improved.

The original old grassroots rule collapsed. At this time, the reform of the imperial examination was basically completed. A new wave of officials was elected to establish a new order directly from the place where the old order had been destroyed by the rebel army.

As for itself, things like emigration have to come in waves.

Through the cycle of crisis and prosperity; through looking for opportunities to blow up Spain and open up the Latin American market to create opportunities for prosperity.

Complete land equalization, relocation, transformation, and redemption in Henan and Anhui regions.

In this way, the imperial court held the Northeast, Gyeonggi, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang and other large areas that had both stable self-cultivating farmers and completed reforms.

The rest can be tossed slowly.Whether it is population or economy, regions that have completed reforms have absolute advantages.

In the rest of the places, either slowly or suddenly, the initiative is in the hands of the imperial court.

As for Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, these places are close to the sea and can go to Nanyang.

And to solve Spain, Luzon can take it back.At that time, there is no need to be polite to the Spaniards in Luzon. All churches, manors, and real estate will be confiscated, and they are not afraid of revenge anyway.There are real estate and church properties seized from Spain, and they are close together, which can solve the population problem in Fujian by the way.

Suffice it to say, by then, with the help of the next crisis, the areas where basic reforms have been completed include Northeast, Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Anhui, etc. big.

Of course, it's easy to screw things up like this.

But if he didn't screw up, he would have a good chance of seizing the chance.

However, Li Yan estimated that he probably would not survive that time.After all, this ray of hope is based on the premise of the outbreak of the plethora of blood crises.

During the whole process, the only controllable external situation was actually a resistance movement that smashed Spain and supported Latin America.

The rest can only be said to be resigned to fate.

Maybe, France will explode tomorrow, and then trigger a chain reaction, Dashun's trade with Europe will be over immediately, and the crisis will explode.

Maybe, it may have to wait for a long time, and the impact of Dashun's products made it really unbearable, so Europe exploded.

None of this is controllable.After all, to break Spain, Europe must be in chaos to have a chance to achieve it in one step.

As a defeatist, from Li Yan's perspective, retaining the crown is in itself an act of their family changing their fate against the sky.

It was nothing more than that he believed that he would not be able to live for a long time, and he was afraid that he would die suddenly if he couldn't hold on one day, so he could only hand over these things to the prince.

What's more, the prince wants to take advantage of him while he is still alive, to slam a wave of prestige and fame.

And, the crucial character design - the "progressive" prince.

Prestige and fame, there is no need to fight with the old imperial examination school.That group of people are die-hard conservatives, they will neither rebel nor do earth-shattering events, and they lack a program that sounds nonsensical.

So the place to gain fame is the group of real schools and schools of superficial studies.

Because this group of people has a program that sounds nonsensical, it is necessary to use the reform of the imperial examination to divide this group of people.

Pull away a group, drive away a group, and at the same time set up the persona of "it's not that there is no improvement, it's just the left foot or the right foot first", so that some people who may be disappointed and turn radical should not be disappointed, at least continue to wait and see .

In other words, let a group of people who might have thought that Dashun was about to end and hopeless during the turmoil of the imperial examination reform to "dig the Yellow River."

After talking with the prince about the general idea of ​​lifelines surrounding the crisis of overproduction, in the prince's astonished eyes, Li Yan said: "Now is not the same as in the past, only living in the deep palace, and the era of shaping the sacred by distance has passed. .”

"Practical learning has risen, and now even the nebula hypothesis has been discussed about the origin of the universe, and the divinity of the Son of Heaven is long gone. It is no longer possible to wait on the sidelines, according to the methods of the past."

"The old Confucian school, they can't do anything, the rule of the three generations is all nonsense, and there is no way to realize it. Since they have no program, they have no threat."

"The new school of practical learning, they can accomplish things, at least they have a future that can be inferred to be realized. If they are completely disappointed, the world will be in chaos."

"Xianxue is very powerful now, and practical learning also needs sect leaders. Now is the time to find a way to divide Xianxue, and you are the leader of practical learning sect."

"In order to differentiate the obvious learning and establish a separate practical learning orthodox, first of all, we must admit the future they inferred, but deny their route to the future."

"The people of the old Confucianism, their doctrine is to be loyal to the emperor. In the future, you will be the emperor, and righteousness will be there."

"But the group of people who practice learning and show learning, recognize the Tao but not the people, and follow the Tao but not the king. You have to come up with the truth and the line to get the righteousness."

"Simply put, industrialism and cultivation of hibiscus, these two things cannot be changed."

"Under these two things, how to do it, how to do it, what to do first and then what to do, you have to tell the truth. If you just talk empty words, not only will you lose your reputation, but you will also invite their ridicule."

"The turmoil of the imperial examination reform, on the old school, there is not much pressure. This time you have to reason with the practical school, and pull away most of them. It is easy to show the quality of learning."

"Fortunately, before Duke Xingguo left, he left a volume of books with me. Over the years, I have also studied a lot, and secretly peeked at the discussion of the superficial studies. They have not yet grasped the essence, and they are just able to subdue the division and establish another supernatural school. These days, I have I can tell you to listen."

Although the prince was very surprised when he heard this, he still asked a question that he wanted to know the most amidst all the surprises.

"Father, before Duke Xingguo left before his departure, he left books with him. Then, could some of the books written by fake Duke Xingguo be left behind by him?"

"If it's true what he left behind, there are many contents in it... I think it's too scary."

Li Yan glanced at the prince and smiled, but did not answer the question directly, but told a story from a long time ago.

In the story, the name also changed from Zhen to me, which is just a long-term memory.

"Many, many years ago, that was when the imperial court just went to Nanyang. Xing Guogong asked me, saying that the merchants in the Netherlands chose to cooperate in the last battle in Nanyang. So who is the most credited here?"

"I gave many answers, but Duke Xing denied them all."

"Finally, he told me that those who made the most contributions were those who rubbed cloth, fried tea, fired porcelain, and reeled silk. Without these people, no matter how great their abilities are, this task would not be possible. This is cornerstone."

"I thought he was still learning about the people, but he told me that the meaning of the cornerstone is not about the people in general. Instead, he said that these people who rub cloth and fry tea are the real force that makes Dutch merchants succumb. "

"Xing Guogong said that he can defeat the Dutch fleet, but without this cornerstone, it is impossible to make the Dutch merchants succumb and cooperate. Then even if he can go to Nanyang, without such a cornerstone, it is impossible to go to Nanyang like this It's time to go to Nanyang."

"Maybe it might be going to Nanyang to farm, maybe it might be going to Nanyang to collect spices, maybe it might be going to Nanyang to collect tribute. But for sure, it is absolutely impossible to go to Nanyang like this to cooperate with Dutch commercial capital to sell goods to Europe to make money Silver's voyage to Southeast Asia."

"When I think about it, it makes sense. Even with the work of those who rub cloth and stir-fry tea, it may not necessarily lead to such a result. Perhaps it may not necessarily go to Nanyang, or it may not necessarily be necessary to do business after going to Nanyang."

"However, without them, this result certainly would not have been possible."

After telling this long-standing story, Li Yan sighed, as if recalling something, and said slowly: "Now, a new group of laborers has appeared, and a new group of so-called classes has appeared."

"They are the cornerstone of change. Without them, some possibilities are just like going to Nanyang without rubbing cloth and frying tea. It is impossible to have the result of cooperating with Dutch merchants to sell goods."

"However, does it mean that with them and a new class, there will be a certain inevitability within a few decades?"

"For example, with the group of people rubbing cloth and frying tea, is it certain that the result of going to Nanyang and cooperating with Dutch merchants to sell goods will be achieved?"

"Obviously, no."

"It doesn't matter whether those books that are handed down are left by him or not."

"Those booklets, the content written, are just some principles such as "Because of the production of rubbing cloth and fried tea, the result of cooperation with Dutch commercial capital can be achieved."

"But to do things, what is actually needed is the book "How to achieve this result of cooperation with Dutch business capital."

"And to make things happen, what is needed is the book "Under the current specific conditions of Dashun, what can be done to defeat the Dutch South Seas and achieve this result of cooperation with Dutch commercial capital."

Speaking of this, Li Yan laughed.

"Duke Xingguo's coffin has already been buried. After his death, he knew nothing. He is dead, so how would he know what the [specific conditions of Dashun] are?"

"So at most he can keep some truths such as "Because of the production of rubbing cloth and fried tea, the result of cooperation with Dutch commercial capital can be achieved." These truths must be correct, but how to do it and the specific conditions at this time What to do next, it is impossible for him to write."

"Because, the most taboo thing that Duke Xingguo did when he was alive was to beg for the sword, imitate others, and wait for the rabbit. Then how could he have left any words related to "Dashun's current specific conditions" decades ago?"

"So, it doesn't matter whether those things were left by him or not. Because that's the truth, I can see it too, and it doesn't make sense because I'm the emperor."

"Here is the reason. What the Celestial Dynasty people need is "Under the current specific conditions in Dashun, how can we defeat the Netherlands and achieve this result of cooperation with Dutch commercial capital"; but the Dutch, Based on this principle, we can launch "Under the current specific conditions in the Netherlands, what should be done to prevent Dashun from going to Nanyang, and continue to grasp the commercial hegemony and dominance, so as to prevent Dashun from going to Nanyang to win the commercial dominance."

…………

…………

a few months later.

This was accompanied by debates over the reform of the imperial examination system, and even larger debates over the speeches of the "progressive" crown prince in the Real School.

The young people of the "Tongru Club" who made fun of themselves, met for the last time in Laijin Yuxuan.

Everyone finally shook hands, said to each other, "the way is different, don't conspire with each other", and then went their separate ways.

Some people follow the crown prince, follow the staff, make suggestions, and firmly believe in improvement.

Some people, throwing pens into the army, think that the transformation can be completed by relying on the external expansion of the market.

Some people put aside their political opinions and join the Academy of Sciences to explore the infinity of the universe and the mysteries of physics.

Some people picked up "The Analects of Confucius" again, and people from the Yan-Li School and the Taizhou School tried to engage in rural construction, rural covenants, rural virtues, rural sages, gentlemen, and schools.

Some people sold their property and took a group of people across the ocean, hoping to build an idealized land where everyone works and no one takes away the fruits of other people's labor.

Some people, raising equity capital and setting up businesses, think that since the future is inevitable, there is no need to be in a hurry.

Some people formed a conspiratorial clique, prepared bombs, and attacked the yamen of the imperial examination reform, trying to force the imperial court to abandon this reform, and instead used the radical method of emphasizing learning and equalizing the land, and completed the relocation in 30 years.

Some people contact those famous students who want to take the old disciplines and replace them, and want to follow the old story of the public car, and emphasize the disadvantages of gradual changes and the benefits of rapid changes. see.

Some people went into factories and traveled to the countryside to observe the changes, inquire about demands, consider the future, think about what to do, and grope for what to do under the current conditions of Dashun.

(End of the book)

(End of this chapter)