Xinshun 1730

Chapter 87 Chaos Dawn
At the time when the Selenge River was fighting with each other, the Duke of Qi's memorial had already rushed back to the capital.

Before all the troops had withdrawn, the emperor and a group of important ministers had already returned to Beijing.

The news of the great victory in the north has already spread, although it is not completely over yet, before the time to sue the Taimiao, the emperor took the opportunity to boast that he commanded Ruoding to break the fort, and everyone knew about it.

All of a sudden, the flattery was everywhere, and Li Gan's unspeakable benefits, and the prestige in the army that he cared more about, also increased a wave.

When Qi Guogong's urgent report arrived, although the above said that there is a secret agreement on internal funds, it is impossible not to discuss this kind of matter with the ministers.

The Forbidden City Tianyou Hall, Dashun Tianyou Palace Jun Guopingzhangshi or cabinet ministers who add Tongpingzhangshi give seats.

It sounds like a prime minister, really domineering, but in fact it is ten blocks away from the prime minister.

The cabinet ministers of the former dynasty said by themselves that the so-called chief ministers of the cabinet are just borrowing the power of the emperor and invading the power of the Cao Cao, but in fact they are just the ears of a secretary.

When Dashun founded the country, the first batch of Pingzhang soldiers rebelled and died, and they were really powerless to start a government.Up to now, after several reforms, rights and responsibilities have gradually become clear and balanced.

In order to control the selection of officials, the Wenxuan Department of the Ministry of Officials was separated from the official government and upgraded to the Wenyu Yuan, and some other departments were added to belong to the Tianyou Temple.

Tianyoudian actually has more supervisory and personnel powers than the previous cabinet, but the Pingzhang Army state affairs officers are not the head of the six governments, nor do they have direct control. The actual leader of Tianyoudian is still the emperor.

Today, in the Tianyou Hall of the imperial court, there are a total of six Pingzhang Army State Affairs Officers with additional titles.

One is from a noble family, a weighted general; the other is from the leader of Wude Palace.

The remaining four were all obtained through the imperial examination.

But these four people are from different schools, and they don't like each other, at least it seems that they don't like each other in front of the emperor.

Dashun officials intend to promote the study of meritorious service of the Eastern Zhejiang School as official awareness.

However, Neo-Confucianism has been passed down for a long time, coupled with the ideological confusion in the late Ming Dynasty, it is still in a stage of "breaking but not establishing".

There are many criticisms of Neo-Confucianism, but there has not yet been a truly great Confucianist like Wang Yangming.

When Dashun Taizu established the system in Xi'an, Hui Shiyang, one of the five tiger generals of Donglin, presided over the examination of abolishing stereotyped writing and specializing in policy theory, and selected many talents.

After Gao Yigong returned to the capital and Li Laiheng settled down in the south of the Yangtze River, Dashun's first official imperial examination strategy marked the direction of the new dynasty.

The topic of policy theory is selected from "The Analects of Confucius", which is also very simple.

"Guan Zhong is not benevolent?"

As soon as the topic of policy theory came out, those scholars with a keen sense of smell immediately sensed the direction of the wind.

This new dynasty is for an outer king, not an inner sage, and even tastes a hint of domineering.

During the chaos at the end of Ming Dynasty, various reflections and changes took place in the atmosphere of Confucianism throughout Jiangnan.

Following the example of Boyi and Shuqi, naturally he would not eat Zhou millet.

Future generations can be officials, but they themselves are not. This is a traditional integrity.Prime Minister Wen does not prevent relatives, elder brothers and nephews from voting for yuan, as long as he is loyal to the previous dynasty.

Not being an official, but wanting to be loyal to the previous court, it is natural to think about why the end of the Ming Dynasty was mixed up like this.

Someone has to take the blame.

Yan Shenggong's mansion was demoted to the Marquis of Fengsi because of the shaving of hair. If the descendants don't take the blame, then Confucius will take the blame.

So Wang Yangming took the cauldron on his back first.

The evaluation of him for a while can be compared with Wang Anshi.

On a par with Wang Anshi, in the Song and Ming Dynasties, it basically means that this person caused chaos in the world.

Wang Fuzhi, Gu Yanwu and others hated the behavior of the literati in the late Ming Dynasty who "talked about their hearts and minds and didn't do business", thinking that this was the root of the chaos in the late Ming Dynasty.

Gu Yanwu said it politely, saying that one person can change the atmosphere of the world. In Song Dynasty, there was Wang Anshi's new learning, and today there is Wang Yangming's conscience.If you want to turn the troubled times back to the right, you can only wait for later generations.

Wang Fuzhi was blunt and called Wang Yangming "Jiangzuo Wang's family", saying that he was Confucianism and Buddhism, and that he was slanderous and heretical.He should be responsible for the fact that the scholar-bureaucrats in the late Ming Dynasty were not doing business and were thinking about enlightenment and sanctification all day long.

Wang Anshi's evaluation has always been that he has excellent character and talent, but he has spoiled the atmosphere.These people use this matter to make Wang Yangming take the blame, and they recognize his level in the same line, but they always need a blame man.

After these people criticized it, they found that the imperial court actually reused Wang Anshi's Sanshe method in Wude Palace and its subordinate camps, and did not use Zhu Zi's annotations in the scientific examination of "The Doctrine of the Mean".

Public opinion gradually turned, and turned to let Zhu Xi carry the cauldron.But there are those who want to take the blame, and there are those who want to not.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Xinxue opened the confinement of Confucianism, but it also brought problems such as hedonism, indulgence, and moral decline just like the Italian Renaissance.

Under extreme circumstances, some people think that indulgence is wrong, and that moralism should be increased. Confucianism and etiquette should not be abolished, but should be strengthened.

Coupled with the spread of Catholicism in China, some people are thinking of "replenishing Confucianism with Jesus" and integrating the ten commandments of Catholicism with etiquette.

Some people even wondered, if my Catholicism can't beat Confucianism in China, can I still beat Buddhism?

It is impossible to replace Confucianism, so why not replace Buddhism and become the closest supplement to Confucianism?
So some people suggested that the so-called Buddhism is a variant of Catholicism after it was spread to the East.The Trinity is the same as the three Buddhas of Buddhism.

Incarnation Buddha, in order to save all living beings in the world, the Buddha is a changing body that appears in accordance with the conditions of the three worlds and six realms.In fact, even Jesus walked in the world in the same way.Dharmakaya Buddha is the Holy Father; Sambhogakaya Buddha is the Holy Spirit.

By the way, I used Buddhism not to kill, and asked Buddhists what do they think of King Wen's sacrifice and Confucius' sacrifice?Can't beat the deep-rooted Confucianism, first use the power of Confucianism to beat Buddhism, the two sides even had believers fighting each other, martyrdom and fighting, you burned temples and I burned churches.

In addition, Wang Yangming was considered by some people to be "Yang Confucianism and Yin Shi", and together with him, he carried a big pot of talking about comprehension, talking about heart and nature, and harming the country.The Buddhism retreated steadily, and the spread of Catholicism became more ferocious.

There are also some conservative parties who criticize the teachings of Catholicism and Confucianism as fundamentally incompatible or even contrary.The Catholic Church believes that the use of Chinese words such as "God" and "God" has defiled DEUS; some Confucianists also think that it is disrespectful for Catholic blind chickens to use words like "God" and "God".

For a time, the entire cultural and ideological circle was even more chaotic than it was at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and it was simply a mess.

Wonderful theories are constantly emerging.

On the whole, it was constrained by congenital deficiencies, and the break and stand never appeared, but it was almost broken.

From Confucius and Mencius to Yangming, various schools of thought criticized each other, held each other's magnifying glass to find out the shortcomings, and the demons have been dancing around for 80 years.

In addition to not daring to deny the absolute political correctness of "Confucianism", various schools of thought in the name of Confucianism have formed associations and established their own theories, each showing its own words.

The officials of Dashun made a gesture of using the Yongjia Yongkang School of the Song Dynasty, the study of meritorious deeds, and finally stopped the chaos of thinking in the past few years.

But this is only the calm on the surface, under the calm, undercurrents are surging.

There are disputes between the Western Fa Party and the Conservative Party, and there are also disputes between the Northern Confucianism and the Southern Confucianism.

The Yongjia school was born in eastern Zhejiang, where industry and commerce were developed. It was sad and indignant at the shame of Jingkang and the southern expedition instead of the northern expedition.

When Dashun chose it as the official ideology, the environmental foundation of the entire dynasty was completely different from that of the Song Dynasty.

The Six Classics Annotate Me, and I Annotate the Six Classics. Both the north and the south have their own interpretations of the Eastern Zhejiang School, and neither thinks the other is right.

It is true that the economic base determines the superstructure.

The northerners witnessed the horror of land annexation at the end of the Ming Dynasty, experienced the futility of empty talk, and witnessed the tragedy of exiles.

Yan Yuan of the Northern School denounced "Confucians who came to the Song and Yuan Dynasties but practiced women's behavior, it is very embarrassing. 'Talk about your heart and mind when you have nothing to do, and repay the king when you are in danger', that is the top grade."

It is advocated to directly skip Song Confucianism and return to the original Confucianism of the Spring and Autumn Period.

He even thinks that as a Confucian student, he should "learn rites, sing poems, learn calligraphy, lift stones, over-distance, boxing, take the three as a course, discuss soldiers, agriculture, and distinguish business from the past to the present." Not only must he learn poetry etiquette, I also need to learn mathematics, boxing, body skills, martial arts, military art, agriculture...

But in terms of land policy, this faction, who has seen the suffering of the refugees in the north, has a radical idea of ​​returning to the "well field".

Especially after some missionaries brought knowledge of the enclosure movement in the West and pamphlets such as "Utopia", the panic was even worse.

Even if it is impossible to restore all well fields, at the very least, we must do a good job in suppressing mergers.

Large-scale employment of workers is not allowed, nor is the excessive development of industry and commerce, so as to avoid the Dashun version of sheep cannibalism.However, it has not yet returned to the step of feudal lordship.

The Northern School also supported the court's use of the Merit School as its official learning.

He believes that "if Chen Liang's knowledge can flourish, although it will inevitably be mixed with domineering, it is not a kingly way, but at least the common people will be lucky. It is a pity that Zhu Xi and others' knowledge flourished, so that the dynasties changed and the world fell like this."

The Northern School also recognized the court's trial of the Sanshe method in the Wude Palace.

I think it's not enough to retrofit, and it shouldn't be tried only in the basic disk.

It should go back to the Suhu teaching method when Fan Zhongyan started Qingli School. The school is divided into Jingyi Zhai and Zhishi Zhai: the school not only teaches the classics, but also the art of war, governance of the people, arithmetic, water conservancy, astronomy, agriculture, fencing, etc.

Confucianism is the main major, and governance is the minor major.

Majoring in classics and righteousness plus an elective minor, you must pass both to be promoted.

In this way, every scholar can do business after completing his studies, instead of knowing how to debate classics all day long, and knowing nothing about business.

Shouting: You must break a point of Cheng Zhu, and start to enter a point of Confucius and Mencius!It's quite a bit like smashing the Confucian shop and rescuing Confucius.

Ideals are beautiful, but reality is cruel.

It has already cost too much for the imperial court to maintain a set of three-way method for making basic disks.

If schools are established across the country and education is divided into fasting, I am afraid that the pants of the Minister of the Household Government will be pawned.

No money.

As for the Southern School.

They are rooted in the economically developed south of the Yangtze River, where the germination has been reflected. Their interpretation of the Eastern Zhejiang School is closer to "integration of agriculture and commerce, development of industry and commerce, business benefits and industry, support of merchants with the power of the state, and currency circulation. "

Some people even believe that the country should reform the currency system. On the one hand, it should try to reuse Jiaozi banknotes, and on the other hand, it should learn from Westerners and mint silver coins.

As for the opening of the sea and trade, they also support it.

Of course, they are also opposed to heavy taxes, and even more against the royal monopoly.

Regarding the matter of "promoting business and benefiting industry, supporting merchants with the power of the state", they said more bluntly:
What kind of bullshit is a debate between righteousness and benefit, a dispute between the cause and the end?It's just some people who want to plunder the country's wealth for private use.If the suppression of commerce is really for the sake of righteousness, that's all.But judging from the later performance, how can it be righteous to plunder the profits of the merchants for his own use?It is both right and right to say that it is for righteousness when it is clearly for your own self-interest.

As for who they are... I didn't say too straightforwardly.

But the problem is that they are still at the stage of being broken but not established for the time being, and they are still in a vague concept of economics.

In addition, they do not actually oppose mergers, and believe that people after mergers can engage in business interests, which is a bit too radical at this time.

If you dare to use this, the north may have to eat his mother and drink his mother again.

The North-South dispute arising from this difference in economic foundation has become the fundamental contradiction between the two parties competing for the "orthodox scripture commentator of the Eastern Zhejiang School".

Dashun had seen refugees spread all over the place after the annexation, and he started his business by virtue of this. The Southern School also only had a vague impression, and it was not systematic at all, so naturally he dared not use it.

The prosperity of Wenhua began in the south of the Yangtze River, where the wealth and taxation are heavy, and the rich culture prospers.

The contradictions between the Northern School and the Southern School are deepening. Whether it is foreign policy, trade policy, land policy, tax policy, etc., they are both sticking to their own opinions.

As for which official ideology to choose, it is still unclear.

This kind of ideological lifting and chaos in the late Ming Dynasty has not ended yet, and there is no real orthodox learning.

What’s more, there are hundreds of years in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and Neo-Confucianism has been deeply rooted. Even if the previous dynasty’s intentional learning was freed from the confinement, and the current dynasty’s development of meritorious learning, it will not be so easy to reverse it.

It's like Wang Yangming's mind learning, he can understand the Tao, but many of the mind learning later were learned wrongly.

Dashun took advantage of the differences between Hua and Yi to launch the Merit School, and at the end of the Ming Dynasty, he tried his best to promote the revanchism of the rise of the Southern Song School. In addition, the remnants of Neo Confucianism and the twist of Xinxue completely changed the taste among scholars.Real practical learning is difficult to learn, and meritorious service is too difficult, but the slogan of shouting the heavens and the country to look down upon the world is much simpler. After a few years of founding the country, there are more and more people who talk about it.

The people in Tianyou Temple are better at last, they are all the spirits killed on the single-plank bridge, but they can be chaotic.

In addition to the two honorable generals of the Wude Palace, there are four remaining, one from the northern faction, one from the heretical Catholic Confucianism who can go to the stake, one from the southern faction, and one from the mind heresy.

(End of this chapter)