Lan Ruochan
Chapter 340 Hiding on a Precipitous Cliff Can Be in Distress
Chapter 340 Hiding on a Precipitous Cliff Can Be in Distress
Qingyun took the risk to kill Xuanwu Heiyan, but in the blink of an eye,
Moreover, the battlefield is hidden under the snow, and others have no way of getting a real glimpse.
It wasn't until Qingyun broke through the snow completely that the result finally came to light.
A palm wind stirred up flying snow all over the sky, and directly hit Qingyun.
"You guys dare to go down the mountain, you are looking for your own death!
The old ghost dog was still able to breathe on the mountain, today I will see how you can survive this calamity! "
Beihai Caodou also appeared here, which did not surprise Qingyun.
The demon's two beloved apprentices were lost to him one after another, and the relationship between the two has long been endless.
It's just that right now... there are still many companions who need to be protected, and the other party will definitely not be alone.
"Being stupid is better than selling yourself for entertainment!"
The finger wind was rustling, and the Yuwen tree cave had already locked Qingyun.
Qingyun stepped on Lingbo steps and walked on the snow, but just avoided and did not fight back.
Because he understands that the opponent who really needs to be afraid of has not made a move yet!
The strong wind is rolling, and the snow is cut six times!
It was supposed to come, and it really came.
If King Jin Na made a move with all his strength, what level would it be is still a mystery.
But back then in Yijing Village, she could easily escape under the watchful eye of masters;
On the snowy field the day before yesterday, she fought against two daughters with one person, and she was still able to handle it with ease.
King Jinna is determined to win the attack on Qingyun right now, obviously he won't hold back anything.
The power of this sword is just like Jinnara dancing in the snow, the cold light moves the nine heavens.
No matter how Qingyun's footwork changes, there will always be a sword shadow like a gangrene attached to the bone, which cannot be gouged out or shaken off.
On the left is the God Palm of Xuanming, on the right is the Great Nirvana Finger, and behind him is an unpredictable sword light,
Even if Qingyun's physical strength is extremely strong at this time, it is impossible to fight against these three top powerhouses by himself.
He didn't even have a chance to get out of the way.
However, he has to face all this now!
Jin Zha fell into the snowdrift and remained motionless.
Mrs. Xu wanted to sit up, but the black iron sword behind her seemed to be extremely heavy, pinning him to the ground.
Hu Caiting could barely move, but due to the severe pain in her waist, she couldn't stand up straight after several attempts.
Yin Seke mustered all his strength, wanting to arouse the power of the demon's disintegration, but suffered from the saber being thrown away, and couldn't touch the hilt for a while.
No one can rush to support Qingyun.
He must, alone, face all this!
Try it again and wave it again, a gust of wind blows up the fine snow all over the sky!
The wind is a strong wind with quality!
Gale!
Sword Sect's Gale Art? !
Qing Yun had never learned the secret art of the Sword Sect, so the Da Feng Jue he used seemed plausible, he could obtain its shape, imitate its spirit, but it was not the original flavor after all.
Even so, with the help of the epee, it is not inferior to the original version in terms of momentum.
The sword light, palm wind, and finger strength coming from the double team all stagnated, like a flood approaching an embankment, and was strongly blocked.
But this obstruction is destined to be only temporary.
Combining the power of the three top experts, how can Qingyun alone be able to stop such coercion?
If the flood breaks its embankment, it will be even more out of control.
However, Qingyun has no better way, he only has to be strong, he can only be strong!
With the strength of his arms and the wind of his sword, he exerted his potential to the limit.
The huge pressure coming from the opposite side forced him to be a little out of breath, he had no choice but to open his mouth and groan!
"Drinking jade pulp with six dragons, the river runs out and does not flow east!"
The sword walks the six dragons to control the sky, and the voice calls the six dragons to harmonize with each other.
Taoism sings out of anger!
When Liu Ying sang, the fan monk's golden body was full of energy,
When Bai Yundao sang, the majestic Songyue Yuzhu shook,
Qingyun is singing now... as if there is nothing wrong with it other than decompression.
The three people he faced were all masters with profound internal skills, and they were not moved by the howling sound at all.
Qingyun only felt that the pressure in front of him was getting bigger and bigger, and he was about to collapse!
Rivers bursting embankments are like nine dragons and nine elephants, with the power to destroy the world!
The rumbling voice gradually rose, and it was unclear whether it was Qingyun's auditory hallucinations, or the terrifying resonance caused by the joint pressure of the three opponents!
Qingyun felt that the whole world was shaking!
It's not just Qing Yun who feels this way, everyone present feels the same way!
Is this...
avalanche!
Mrs. Xu was most familiar with this kind of voice, and he immediately sounded a warning and asked everyone to protect themselves.
In an avalanche, no snowflake is innocent.
They were all vibrating just now, they have been vibrating all the time, vibrating following Qing Yun's whistling sound.
On that day, Mr. Huayang was trapped by the monster of five buckets of rice with a six-pointed evil formation. Zu Tingzhi once instructed Qingyun to quell the gate of heaven with a sword.
Naturally, manpower cannot slay Tianmen with a single sword, relying on Qingyun's unique ability to perceive vibrations.
Rocky mountains can also collapse, but snowy mountains are even easier.
The resonance frequency of snow is close to that of sound waves.
Qingyun knew that it was impossible for him to defeat, and even blocked the three powerful enemies in front of him.
So he intentionally shouted loudly, triggering an avalanche, and all of them were destroyed!
The battle group here is backed by a cliff, and above the cliff is a snow-covered slope.
Li Daoyuan and the Xu brothers heard the rumbling sound at the top of the slope, and they all yelled that it was not good, and hurriedly searched for the thickest tree trunk around them to fix their bodies.
The snow on the slope made a loud noise like a tsunami, as if being grabbed by an invisible big hand and pulling it down...
The snow curtain hangs down, covering the sky and the sun.
There is no distinction between the enemy and the enemy, and it is difficult to distinguish things.
Although King Jinna and his party had formed a sure-fire trend against Qing Yun, but where the power of Heaven came, how could they have time to fight with others?
Qingyun's physical strength had already been exhausted, and the snow was falling. A sly smile appeared on the corner of his mouth, and then his eyes went dark, and he lost consciousness.
In the last picture he captured, the three people on the opposite side were all at a loss and embarrassed.
The snow on the snow is like people in a sea of people,
Each particle seems insignificant, but when they sound together, they are an unstoppable force.
Qingyun was able to induce this kind of power, but he didn't have a good way to resist it.
He can only resign himself to fate.
cold,
black,
despair.
Qingyun has been unable to distinguish whether he is living in a dream or reality, or whether the dream is reality.
His most unforgettable dream was naturally the night when his five sons became sworn brothers when they first entered Zhan Snake Villa.
At that time, he was also in a daze under the influence of alcohol,
A hazy figure came close to him in a daze, and his blood boiled, dispelling Ye Weiliang.
Human thinking is dominated by the subconscious in dreams, and it is most likely to have beautiful illusions.
That hazy figure resurfaced in Qingyun's mind again.
Probably because I have seen the depressed layman Mount Taishan,
Probably because I have seen Mai Shiranui and Yuexia Qingmai,
Probably because I met Miss Mochou and had a good time.
Probably because of the entanglement with Yuan Chuntuo's four bodies,
Probably because of the close relationship with Yin Seke,
It is probably because he once shared the fragrant soup with Hu Caiting.
With so many beautiful experiences, that hazy figure seems to have many more concrete features.
It seems that it is also a real person, with a real temperature,
Gradually, it became entangled with Qingyun's spiritual consciousness and merged into one.
It seems that this dark and cold desperate space has a little warmth because of it,
Let Qingyun persevere.
"""""Knock on the blackboard time"""""
Flying head man, this kind of monster/spell was first recorded in "Sou Shen Ji", and it is also a celebrity anecdote: I think back then, there was a reckless man in the Three Kingdoms of the Later Han Dynasty.This person's surname is Zhu, his name is Huan, and his style name is Xiumu. He was a former general of the Eastern Wu Dynasty.It is said that there is a maidservant in his family, she is the Luotou family, who is proficient in the art of flying heads, and she leaves her body at night.One day, the maid's neck was accidentally covered by a brocade quilt, and the flying head couldn't fall back to its original position, and almost died because of it.Just happened to be seen by Zhu Huan and rescued the maidservant.
Xuanwu Heiyan, who is good at flying head technique, is actually a visual artist, relying on his quick hands to change his outer clothes to draw.
Okay, let's continue to talk about the logic of the Columbus Exchange.
Some time ago, the XJ cotton incident made a lot of noise. Cotton has been planted in China for thousands of years.What would you think if someone told you that cotton originated in America and was part of the Columbus Exchange?
From a certain point of view, this statement is true.Because 95% of the cotton planted in the world is long-staple cotton or fine-staple cotton.These two cotton species are "traceable" in the Americas.The Asian cotton native to Asia has been gradually eliminated due to production and other relations.
Some "experts" say that Asian cotton originated in India.This is not necessarily the case.
In fact, there are two kinds of crops called cotton/cotton in ancient East Asia, one is kapok, woody, and the other is cotton, herb.This point is clearly stated in "Materia Medica" and "Nongzheng Quanshu".Herbaceous cotton was first called shellfish grass because of the shape of cotton bolls in buds, like the tongue of shellfish with a little clove ("Yan Fan Lu·Tang Huanwang Biography"... Ancient shell grass, whose flowers are made into cloth, rough [Coarse] is called shellfish, and fine is called [fine cotton cloth].).Therefore, cotton is also called Jibei, which is derived from herbal cotton.However, because the ancients called cotton mixedly, Jibei was gradually used to refer to the concept of woody and herbaceous cotton, which is the same as ancient cotton. .
It is kapok that came from South Asia. The first one is "Wu Lu": there is a kapok tree in Anding County of Jiaozhi, which is more than ten feet high.Also "Book of Liang" said: Lin Yiguo came out of Jibei and Agarwood.Jibei who, tree name also.When its flowers are fully formed, it is like the sound of a goose, and its threads are spun to make cloth, which is no different from silk cloth.It is also dyed into five colors and woven into banbu.Linyi State is now southern Vietnam.We can clearly see that kapok was introduced into South China during the Han Dynasty.
The planting history of herbal cotton in China is much earlier than that of kapok.Therefore, the Han Dynasty calligraphy book "Shuowen" has the word "mian" but not the word "mian".As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the mother of Min Ziqian, a disciple of Confucius, used reed flowers to prevent cotton clothes because of her poor family. "Hanshu Shihuo": All the people sell and buy grains, cloth, silk and cotton.Therefore, "Nongzheng Quanshu" quoted Qiu Jun's "University Yanyi Bu" and said: "The people of the government adjust the method, and the people transport silk, silk, silk and cotton at the age of Ding, and transport cloth and hemp."At that time, there was no kapok.It can be seen that there was herbal cotton in China first, and then kapok.
According to "Yan Fan Lu", the herb cotton is ancient shell grass, and it can be traced back to a very long time.
"Shangshu Yugong": Niaoyi flower clothes, Jue woven shells.This sentence has been mentioned.Many people take it for granted that this sentence refers to kapok because there is no distinction between Jibei and kapok in later generations.However, "Erya": flowers, grass also.Herbs come out of flowers, and shellfish grass refers to herbal cotton.According to historical records, kapok was not introduced into China at that time.
In isolation, we still have the "Book of Songs" as proof, "Xiaoya·Xiaobo": it is beautiful and beautiful, and it is a shell brocade.The most common mistake here is to translate Beijin into Beiwenjin.Isn't it strange why Bei Wen Jin is specifically designated?Does archeology support this tradition?What's more, Qi looks like lush vegetation, and it is obvious that some kind of herb is highlighted here.Many people don't translate the character Bei, so they can only ignore the character Qi.So what is the correct translation of this poem?Combined with the context of the poem, this sentence says: There is a piece of grass that can be blown into cotton brocade. .
Therefore, although the ancients did not distinguish between cotton and kapok, we still have to distinguish them today.By the way, although South Asia began to grow kapok in large quantities thousands of years ago, the West still traces kapok to the Americas.
What can we learn from this?It can be seen that the "Columbus Exchange" is a complete history of species from the perspective of Westerners, without standards and objectivity at all.We have talked about Asian chickens, longhorn cattle, peppers, pumpkins, potatoes, peanuts, and corn (corn)... because of the lack of regional species and culture, the West always thinks that these The "new species" was opened by their brave pioneers (qiang) and (dao).So far, there are still very few materials available on the table of ordinary Europeans, and they are far from reaching the level of Jia Sixie's "Qi Min Yao Shu".So they traveled to America once, and everything felt new.
But then again, while criticizing, we must also analyze its scientific nature.Just like when we analyze the concept of the origin of Asian culture in the neighboring universe country, we also need to find out the reasonable logic in it, for example, its essence is the spiritual conversion of Pan-Chinese culture.
So where is the rationale for the Great Exchange of Columbus?We know that the evolution of many species in different regions will produce differences. For example, orange in Huainan is orange and Huaibei is trifoliate.Ancient millet, American corn, and modern sweet corn are not exactly the same.Asian cotton, long-staple cotton/modern pepper, and Wu pepper all have similar situations.
The phenomenon of anti-invasion of American species and elimination of Old World species exists.There must be scientific reasons for this phenomenon.
One, natural selection, survival of the fittest.American species are naturally eliminated and reproduced under the condition of less human intervention and less intense species competition, forming a species group that is slightly different from other regions.And because of its vast land and rich resources, it is true that American crops are usually large and high-yielding compared to Old World species, and have certain competitive advantages.
Second, Western conquerors brought European and American species to the world during the Age of Discovery.And Asian crops, with the exception of a very few overwhelmingly dominant species, can only hold their ground due to cultural weakness.The direction of cultural output is from Europe and America to the whole world.
Third, modern sciences such as breeding, selection, and genetics were first scientifically summarized in the West, and many artificially selective breeding species were improved on the basis of American species.The most representative of these is sweet corn.
These three points are the interpretation and recognition of the "Columbus Exchange".At the same time, we should also be soberly aware that the "Columbus Exchange" is not exclusive.Just because a species has entered the scope of the species exchange list listed by Western scholars, it cannot be assumed that it could not have appeared in ancient China.We may not have high-yielding, delicious, and resistant to pests and diseases like modern potatoes.Yes, it is impossible to have modern breeding products in ancient times, and there was no such thing as ancient America.But we have high-yielding, or delicious root crops, see the previous quote "Qi Min Yao Shu".Anyone who breaks away from philology and archaeology and only knows how to find fault with the "Columbus Exchange" is all angry youth playing hooligans, although sometimes some well-known scholars cannot be exempt.
(End of this chapter)
Qingyun took the risk to kill Xuanwu Heiyan, but in the blink of an eye,
Moreover, the battlefield is hidden under the snow, and others have no way of getting a real glimpse.
It wasn't until Qingyun broke through the snow completely that the result finally came to light.
A palm wind stirred up flying snow all over the sky, and directly hit Qingyun.
"You guys dare to go down the mountain, you are looking for your own death!
The old ghost dog was still able to breathe on the mountain, today I will see how you can survive this calamity! "
Beihai Caodou also appeared here, which did not surprise Qingyun.
The demon's two beloved apprentices were lost to him one after another, and the relationship between the two has long been endless.
It's just that right now... there are still many companions who need to be protected, and the other party will definitely not be alone.
"Being stupid is better than selling yourself for entertainment!"
The finger wind was rustling, and the Yuwen tree cave had already locked Qingyun.
Qingyun stepped on Lingbo steps and walked on the snow, but just avoided and did not fight back.
Because he understands that the opponent who really needs to be afraid of has not made a move yet!
The strong wind is rolling, and the snow is cut six times!
It was supposed to come, and it really came.
If King Jin Na made a move with all his strength, what level would it be is still a mystery.
But back then in Yijing Village, she could easily escape under the watchful eye of masters;
On the snowy field the day before yesterday, she fought against two daughters with one person, and she was still able to handle it with ease.
King Jinna is determined to win the attack on Qingyun right now, obviously he won't hold back anything.
The power of this sword is just like Jinnara dancing in the snow, the cold light moves the nine heavens.
No matter how Qingyun's footwork changes, there will always be a sword shadow like a gangrene attached to the bone, which cannot be gouged out or shaken off.
On the left is the God Palm of Xuanming, on the right is the Great Nirvana Finger, and behind him is an unpredictable sword light,
Even if Qingyun's physical strength is extremely strong at this time, it is impossible to fight against these three top powerhouses by himself.
He didn't even have a chance to get out of the way.
However, he has to face all this now!
Jin Zha fell into the snowdrift and remained motionless.
Mrs. Xu wanted to sit up, but the black iron sword behind her seemed to be extremely heavy, pinning him to the ground.
Hu Caiting could barely move, but due to the severe pain in her waist, she couldn't stand up straight after several attempts.
Yin Seke mustered all his strength, wanting to arouse the power of the demon's disintegration, but suffered from the saber being thrown away, and couldn't touch the hilt for a while.
No one can rush to support Qingyun.
He must, alone, face all this!
Try it again and wave it again, a gust of wind blows up the fine snow all over the sky!
The wind is a strong wind with quality!
Gale!
Sword Sect's Gale Art? !
Qing Yun had never learned the secret art of the Sword Sect, so the Da Feng Jue he used seemed plausible, he could obtain its shape, imitate its spirit, but it was not the original flavor after all.
Even so, with the help of the epee, it is not inferior to the original version in terms of momentum.
The sword light, palm wind, and finger strength coming from the double team all stagnated, like a flood approaching an embankment, and was strongly blocked.
But this obstruction is destined to be only temporary.
Combining the power of the three top experts, how can Qingyun alone be able to stop such coercion?
If the flood breaks its embankment, it will be even more out of control.
However, Qingyun has no better way, he only has to be strong, he can only be strong!
With the strength of his arms and the wind of his sword, he exerted his potential to the limit.
The huge pressure coming from the opposite side forced him to be a little out of breath, he had no choice but to open his mouth and groan!
"Drinking jade pulp with six dragons, the river runs out and does not flow east!"
The sword walks the six dragons to control the sky, and the voice calls the six dragons to harmonize with each other.
Taoism sings out of anger!
When Liu Ying sang, the fan monk's golden body was full of energy,
When Bai Yundao sang, the majestic Songyue Yuzhu shook,
Qingyun is singing now... as if there is nothing wrong with it other than decompression.
The three people he faced were all masters with profound internal skills, and they were not moved by the howling sound at all.
Qingyun only felt that the pressure in front of him was getting bigger and bigger, and he was about to collapse!
Rivers bursting embankments are like nine dragons and nine elephants, with the power to destroy the world!
The rumbling voice gradually rose, and it was unclear whether it was Qingyun's auditory hallucinations, or the terrifying resonance caused by the joint pressure of the three opponents!
Qingyun felt that the whole world was shaking!
It's not just Qing Yun who feels this way, everyone present feels the same way!
Is this...
avalanche!
Mrs. Xu was most familiar with this kind of voice, and he immediately sounded a warning and asked everyone to protect themselves.
In an avalanche, no snowflake is innocent.
They were all vibrating just now, they have been vibrating all the time, vibrating following Qing Yun's whistling sound.
On that day, Mr. Huayang was trapped by the monster of five buckets of rice with a six-pointed evil formation. Zu Tingzhi once instructed Qingyun to quell the gate of heaven with a sword.
Naturally, manpower cannot slay Tianmen with a single sword, relying on Qingyun's unique ability to perceive vibrations.
Rocky mountains can also collapse, but snowy mountains are even easier.
The resonance frequency of snow is close to that of sound waves.
Qingyun knew that it was impossible for him to defeat, and even blocked the three powerful enemies in front of him.
So he intentionally shouted loudly, triggering an avalanche, and all of them were destroyed!
The battle group here is backed by a cliff, and above the cliff is a snow-covered slope.
Li Daoyuan and the Xu brothers heard the rumbling sound at the top of the slope, and they all yelled that it was not good, and hurriedly searched for the thickest tree trunk around them to fix their bodies.
The snow on the slope made a loud noise like a tsunami, as if being grabbed by an invisible big hand and pulling it down...
The snow curtain hangs down, covering the sky and the sun.
There is no distinction between the enemy and the enemy, and it is difficult to distinguish things.
Although King Jinna and his party had formed a sure-fire trend against Qing Yun, but where the power of Heaven came, how could they have time to fight with others?
Qingyun's physical strength had already been exhausted, and the snow was falling. A sly smile appeared on the corner of his mouth, and then his eyes went dark, and he lost consciousness.
In the last picture he captured, the three people on the opposite side were all at a loss and embarrassed.
The snow on the snow is like people in a sea of people,
Each particle seems insignificant, but when they sound together, they are an unstoppable force.
Qingyun was able to induce this kind of power, but he didn't have a good way to resist it.
He can only resign himself to fate.
cold,
black,
despair.
Qingyun has been unable to distinguish whether he is living in a dream or reality, or whether the dream is reality.
His most unforgettable dream was naturally the night when his five sons became sworn brothers when they first entered Zhan Snake Villa.
At that time, he was also in a daze under the influence of alcohol,
A hazy figure came close to him in a daze, and his blood boiled, dispelling Ye Weiliang.
Human thinking is dominated by the subconscious in dreams, and it is most likely to have beautiful illusions.
That hazy figure resurfaced in Qingyun's mind again.
Probably because I have seen the depressed layman Mount Taishan,
Probably because I have seen Mai Shiranui and Yuexia Qingmai,
Probably because I met Miss Mochou and had a good time.
Probably because of the entanglement with Yuan Chuntuo's four bodies,
Probably because of the close relationship with Yin Seke,
It is probably because he once shared the fragrant soup with Hu Caiting.
With so many beautiful experiences, that hazy figure seems to have many more concrete features.
It seems that it is also a real person, with a real temperature,
Gradually, it became entangled with Qingyun's spiritual consciousness and merged into one.
It seems that this dark and cold desperate space has a little warmth because of it,
Let Qingyun persevere.
"""""Knock on the blackboard time"""""
Flying head man, this kind of monster/spell was first recorded in "Sou Shen Ji", and it is also a celebrity anecdote: I think back then, there was a reckless man in the Three Kingdoms of the Later Han Dynasty.This person's surname is Zhu, his name is Huan, and his style name is Xiumu. He was a former general of the Eastern Wu Dynasty.It is said that there is a maidservant in his family, she is the Luotou family, who is proficient in the art of flying heads, and she leaves her body at night.One day, the maid's neck was accidentally covered by a brocade quilt, and the flying head couldn't fall back to its original position, and almost died because of it.Just happened to be seen by Zhu Huan and rescued the maidservant.
Xuanwu Heiyan, who is good at flying head technique, is actually a visual artist, relying on his quick hands to change his outer clothes to draw.
Okay, let's continue to talk about the logic of the Columbus Exchange.
Some time ago, the XJ cotton incident made a lot of noise. Cotton has been planted in China for thousands of years.What would you think if someone told you that cotton originated in America and was part of the Columbus Exchange?
From a certain point of view, this statement is true.Because 95% of the cotton planted in the world is long-staple cotton or fine-staple cotton.These two cotton species are "traceable" in the Americas.The Asian cotton native to Asia has been gradually eliminated due to production and other relations.
Some "experts" say that Asian cotton originated in India.This is not necessarily the case.
In fact, there are two kinds of crops called cotton/cotton in ancient East Asia, one is kapok, woody, and the other is cotton, herb.This point is clearly stated in "Materia Medica" and "Nongzheng Quanshu".Herbaceous cotton was first called shellfish grass because of the shape of cotton bolls in buds, like the tongue of shellfish with a little clove ("Yan Fan Lu·Tang Huanwang Biography"... Ancient shell grass, whose flowers are made into cloth, rough [Coarse] is called shellfish, and fine is called [fine cotton cloth].).Therefore, cotton is also called Jibei, which is derived from herbal cotton.However, because the ancients called cotton mixedly, Jibei was gradually used to refer to the concept of woody and herbaceous cotton, which is the same as ancient cotton. .
It is kapok that came from South Asia. The first one is "Wu Lu": there is a kapok tree in Anding County of Jiaozhi, which is more than ten feet high.Also "Book of Liang" said: Lin Yiguo came out of Jibei and Agarwood.Jibei who, tree name also.When its flowers are fully formed, it is like the sound of a goose, and its threads are spun to make cloth, which is no different from silk cloth.It is also dyed into five colors and woven into banbu.Linyi State is now southern Vietnam.We can clearly see that kapok was introduced into South China during the Han Dynasty.
The planting history of herbal cotton in China is much earlier than that of kapok.Therefore, the Han Dynasty calligraphy book "Shuowen" has the word "mian" but not the word "mian".As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the mother of Min Ziqian, a disciple of Confucius, used reed flowers to prevent cotton clothes because of her poor family. "Hanshu Shihuo": All the people sell and buy grains, cloth, silk and cotton.Therefore, "Nongzheng Quanshu" quoted Qiu Jun's "University Yanyi Bu" and said: "The people of the government adjust the method, and the people transport silk, silk, silk and cotton at the age of Ding, and transport cloth and hemp."At that time, there was no kapok.It can be seen that there was herbal cotton in China first, and then kapok.
According to "Yan Fan Lu", the herb cotton is ancient shell grass, and it can be traced back to a very long time.
"Shangshu Yugong": Niaoyi flower clothes, Jue woven shells.This sentence has been mentioned.Many people take it for granted that this sentence refers to kapok because there is no distinction between Jibei and kapok in later generations.However, "Erya": flowers, grass also.Herbs come out of flowers, and shellfish grass refers to herbal cotton.According to historical records, kapok was not introduced into China at that time.
In isolation, we still have the "Book of Songs" as proof, "Xiaoya·Xiaobo": it is beautiful and beautiful, and it is a shell brocade.The most common mistake here is to translate Beijin into Beiwenjin.Isn't it strange why Bei Wen Jin is specifically designated?Does archeology support this tradition?What's more, Qi looks like lush vegetation, and it is obvious that some kind of herb is highlighted here.Many people don't translate the character Bei, so they can only ignore the character Qi.So what is the correct translation of this poem?Combined with the context of the poem, this sentence says: There is a piece of grass that can be blown into cotton brocade. .
Therefore, although the ancients did not distinguish between cotton and kapok, we still have to distinguish them today.By the way, although South Asia began to grow kapok in large quantities thousands of years ago, the West still traces kapok to the Americas.
What can we learn from this?It can be seen that the "Columbus Exchange" is a complete history of species from the perspective of Westerners, without standards and objectivity at all.We have talked about Asian chickens, longhorn cattle, peppers, pumpkins, potatoes, peanuts, and corn (corn)... because of the lack of regional species and culture, the West always thinks that these The "new species" was opened by their brave pioneers (qiang) and (dao).So far, there are still very few materials available on the table of ordinary Europeans, and they are far from reaching the level of Jia Sixie's "Qi Min Yao Shu".So they traveled to America once, and everything felt new.
But then again, while criticizing, we must also analyze its scientific nature.Just like when we analyze the concept of the origin of Asian culture in the neighboring universe country, we also need to find out the reasonable logic in it, for example, its essence is the spiritual conversion of Pan-Chinese culture.
So where is the rationale for the Great Exchange of Columbus?We know that the evolution of many species in different regions will produce differences. For example, orange in Huainan is orange and Huaibei is trifoliate.Ancient millet, American corn, and modern sweet corn are not exactly the same.Asian cotton, long-staple cotton/modern pepper, and Wu pepper all have similar situations.
The phenomenon of anti-invasion of American species and elimination of Old World species exists.There must be scientific reasons for this phenomenon.
One, natural selection, survival of the fittest.American species are naturally eliminated and reproduced under the condition of less human intervention and less intense species competition, forming a species group that is slightly different from other regions.And because of its vast land and rich resources, it is true that American crops are usually large and high-yielding compared to Old World species, and have certain competitive advantages.
Second, Western conquerors brought European and American species to the world during the Age of Discovery.And Asian crops, with the exception of a very few overwhelmingly dominant species, can only hold their ground due to cultural weakness.The direction of cultural output is from Europe and America to the whole world.
Third, modern sciences such as breeding, selection, and genetics were first scientifically summarized in the West, and many artificially selective breeding species were improved on the basis of American species.The most representative of these is sweet corn.
These three points are the interpretation and recognition of the "Columbus Exchange".At the same time, we should also be soberly aware that the "Columbus Exchange" is not exclusive.Just because a species has entered the scope of the species exchange list listed by Western scholars, it cannot be assumed that it could not have appeared in ancient China.We may not have high-yielding, delicious, and resistant to pests and diseases like modern potatoes.Yes, it is impossible to have modern breeding products in ancient times, and there was no such thing as ancient America.But we have high-yielding, or delicious root crops, see the previous quote "Qi Min Yao Shu".Anyone who breaks away from philology and archaeology and only knows how to find fault with the "Columbus Exchange" is all angry youth playing hooligans, although sometimes some well-known scholars cannot be exempt.
(End of this chapter)
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