Kingdom of Heaven and Han

Chapter 428 Let the farmers get rich first

With a sickle, how many acres of wheat can a person cut in a day?Under normal circumstances, a strong laborer can only harvest between one mu and one and a half mu a day, and very few people can harvest two mu.But that was in later generations, when the yield of wheat was high and it was planted densely.Even when there are few pesticides and fertilizers, with water irrigation, the yield per mu can reach six to seven hundred catties.In this era, the yield per mu was less than one-third, and the cutting speed was much faster.

In Wang Xiaolie's previous life, he had never seen what a wheat field with an yield of two to three hundred catties per mu looked like.I thought that all the wheat fields are densely packed, and when they are ripe, the wind blows like golden waves.In fact, if the yield of wheat per mu is five or six hundred catties, the fields will be very sparse.The yield per mu is one or two hundred catties, and the wheat fields look sparse when they are mature.Not only is it rare, but the ears of wheat are also small.

The ancient farmland in TV movies basically does not have this effect.The planting method has changed, the variety has changed, and the appearance of the field has naturally changed.Every time when the wheat and rice are ripe, Wang Xiaolie will go to the field to see.There is always a sense of unreality.Everyone is talking about a good harvest, but in Wang Xiaolie's eyes, the situation in the field is really pitiful.

In this era, an adult male can cut two to three acres of wheat a day.A household planting [-] acres, with two husband and wife in battle, can basically harvest within ten days.The climate in Xiangyang and Dengzhou does not delay planting another season of late rice.After crossing Fangcheng Mountain and going to Henan Prefecture of Ruzhou, planting for two seasons is not allowed.Without suitable seeds, the time for planting and harvesting is too short.

Before the founding of New China, the yield of wheat per mu in many places was less than [-] catties.In barren places, even only forty or fifty catties.It is much lower than the yield per mu in Xiangyang now.The late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China were not normal years, and cannot be regarded as the general situation in ancient times.At that time, few water conservancy facilities were built, there was a shortage of fertilizers, and it was impacted by imported flour.In fact, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the output of the [-]th generation can be regarded as the general situation in ancient times.The national average is about [-] catties per mu of rice and [-] catties of wheat.This is the national average, except for particularly barren land, generally higher in fertile land.About [-] catties per mu of rice and no more than [-] catties per mu of wheat.

The land in Dengzhou, Xiangyang is fertile, and there is no shortage of water. In this era, all the land is good, and the yield per mu is relatively high.The yield of rice per mu can exceed two stones and five buckets, reaching more than three hundred catties.Wheat is more than five buckets with one stone, nearly two hundred catties.

I counted it in my heart.Wang Xiaolie sighed: "It's really hard for farmers to farm the land. After a year of hard work, one mu of land can only harvest two or three stones. Really, what is it worth? Besides busy farming, farmers actually have a lot of slack time. The government wants Think of a way, don’t always think about conscripting farmers as soon as they are free and let them do things. Instead, think about how to make farmers earn some money when they are free.”

Chen Zaidao said with a smile: "Zhenfu, if you collect two or three stones per mu, it will be a good year. We collect three dou per mu, and there are no other taxes. Even if you collect two stones per mu, the people can live a good life."

Wang Xiaolie said: "Even if one mu of land has more than two stones of grain, it is only a penny. Planting [-] mu of land is only thirty pennies. What can thirty pennies buy? In Xiangyang City, good restaurants are not enough. Let the whole family eat."

Comparing the purchasing power of copper coins in this era with those in previous lives, Wang Xiaolie felt that a copper coin was only worth about 77 cents.A catty of mutton can be bought for 40 Wen, even if it is counted as Shengmo, it costs [-] Wen a catty.If one penny is equivalent to fifty cents, then the price of mutton is about [-] yuan.Although not quite a kiss, it was close.Most other things are priced the same.For example, a bowl of wonton is ten yuan in most places, which is equivalent to five yuan in later generations.There is no order of magnitude difference, and it can roughly reflect the living conditions.

According to the fact that one penny of copper is equivalent to fifty cents in later generations, Sanzhuguan is about 5000 yuan in later generations.Farmers only grow food at home, and future generations will need more than ten acres of land to earn so much.Over the past 1000 years, the situation of farmers has not changed much.

If farmers want to be rich, they cannot just rely on farming.This is true a thousand years later, and it is also true in this era.If there is an order of magnitude gap in the money earned by farmers who only rely on farming, it means that something is wrong with society.

Think for a while.Wang Xiaolie said: "If you want farmers to have money, you can't just rely on farming, you have to think of a way. Let farmers not be idle during the slack season, but can make money. This is what I think. Apart from Now common cattle clubs, canal clubs, etc., the supply and marketing cooperatives have to find a way to set up other profitable cooperatives. For example, where there are many reeds, they can set up a mat society and sell mats. Where there are many willow trees, they can set up a weaving society and sell willow weaving. Products. Each region adapts to local conditions, uses the local land, and runs some profitable cooperatives. The products are in charge of the supply and marketing cooperatives and help them sell them.”

After hearing this, Chen Qiudao and Chen Yuyi couldn't help opening their mouths.I've lived for decades, and this is the first time I've heard such a statement.What does a farmer's happy life look like?Live a carefree life, sing songs after getting drunk, and live in this world happily.Wang Xiaolie's statement actually thinks that it is not enough for farmers to have enough food and clothing, and they also need money?

Seeing the appearance of the two, Wang Xiaolie said: "What is money? Don't you just think that money is a pickle in the world and binds people. You must also realize that money can buy things, so that people who sell things can live. Except Clothes and food, people still have a lot of things to do. If they are not farmers, they have to rely on the money in the hands of farmers to buy their things, so that these people can survive. With these people, the whole society will be active and rich .”

Seeing that Chen Qiudao and Chen Yuyi just smiled and did not speak, Wang Xiaolie secretly sighed.

This kind of thing can't be explained for a while.How social wealth is generated and distributed is a university question.The research on this subject has just sprouted in this era, and not everyone realizes it.

Studying history and politics in the previous life inevitably talked about the land enclosure movement in Britain at the beginning of capitalism.As a result, all capitalist countries will drive farmers into factories in order to obtain sufficient labor force for emerging industries.Historically, there is nothing wrong with this, European countries have done it this way.But from the perspective of human development, this is not inevitable.

For industry to develop, there must be a market.Where did the market come from in the first place?European countries were facing a special situation at that time, and the Great Voyage developed the whole world into their market.What if there is no great voyage?The market is above all the yeoman of the country.

Only by first making farmers rich and providing a market can industrial development be guided.In order to make farmers rich, in addition to sufficient land and advanced production tools, they must also have other sideline jobs.Agriculture is to ensure the stability of the country. Fundamentally speaking, the farmers who cultivate the land cannot be allowed to be too rich.Growing food has become too rich, which means that the cost of living is high, which also reduces the living space of other industries.

Without the vast market brought by the great voyage, we should develop the countryside and let farmers get rich first.Rich farmers can provide a broad market for industry.Only with a market can we drive industrial development.Sufficient labor does not necessarily mean depriving farmers of their means of production, leaving them with nothing but entering factories to work.It can also create more wealth in industry and attract farmers into factories.

In addition to Europe in history, the United States also completed industrialization.The United States has vast land and abundant resources.But at the beginning, there was no vast overseas market, but it was suppressed by European countries.But the United States has a domestic market that can support its industrialization.

After China's reform and opening up, it has faced various problems for a long time.After joining the WTO, it has a vast world market and quickly completed industrialization.In this process, China did not drive away farmers, but ensured the stability of rural land.On the contrary, South America, which drove farmers from the land, created a large number of slums and saw no prospect of industrialization.

In this era, if we want to achieve industrialization, even at the beginning, we must first make farmers rich.Only when they have money can they buy various industrial supplies and provide the industrial market.

(End of this chapter)