Kingdom of Heaven and Han

Chapter 455

In the past one or two years, Wang Xiaolie often thinks about what kind of civilization our civilization is like.In previous lives, people often said that Chinese civilization was the only ancient civilization that lasted to future generations.But what kind of background and what it should look like for this civilization that has survived is still unclear.Perhaps, this question was originally unclear.

From the outbreak of thought in the pre-Qin period and the contention of a hundred schools of thought, to the exclusive respect for Confucianism in the Han Dynasty, to the revival of Confucianism in the late Tang Dynasty, to the dispute between Neo-Confucianism and Daoism in the Song Dynasty, and the addition of Xinxue in the Ming Dynasty.This civilization has had too many thoughts and various theories.With the development of the times, people have been thinking and looking for the secrets between man and nature, and have been looking for ways to maintain long-term peace and stability.

After thousands of years of exploration, there is still no answer.

People in future generations should not think they are smarter than people in previous lives just because they are standing downstream of a river.With the development of society, the overall wisdom of civilization should become stronger and stronger.But when it comes to each individual, it may not be the case.

There are always some people, influenced by the explorers of the previous 100 years, who think that the backwardness of modern China is due to Confucian civilization.I feel that if Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not only respect Confucianism 2000 years ago, what would happen if the thoughts used in China were Taoism, Mohism, and Legalism.It is also the first to develop science and technology, and history is not ruled by man but ruled by law, all kinds of whimsical ideas.

These ideas don't make much sense.It's about the same as before when people were tired from farming, they gathered around an old farmer and said, tell us a story in the shade of a tree.What historical emperors and generals, cloth sellers in Nanshan, horse sellers in Beiling, all kinds of anecdotes and wonders.It's just talk, and it doesn't help people understand history and reality.

The old farmers don't know what the emperors and generals look like, and they say they want to use Taoism, Legalism, and Mohism, and they don't know what these ideas look like.Just talking and passing the boring time.

In the Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin usurped power and ended the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.After the end of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it can no longer be "the emperor's soldiers are strong and the horses are strong", which involves the issue of dynastic legitimacy.The Song Dynasty usurped power, and there was Khitan in the north, so the traditional legitimacy was insufficient.The intellectuals of the Song Dynasty had to supplement the legitimacy of the dynasty.It was also the Song Dynasty that proposed that whether the dynasty was orthodox should be based on the governance of chaos.A dynasty that governs the world is naturally orthodox.A chaotic dynasty is unorthodox.

The main achievement of this work was completed by Ouyang Xiu. 1000 years later, when China was facing reform, it proposed that "poverty is not socialism".Is there something similar?
The night slowly deepened.

Looking at the waning moon in the sky, Wang Xiaolie fell into deep thought.

The knowledge from the previous life has many uses, but there are also many misunderstandings, which cannot be copied without analysis.We must be cautious about how to follow the road.Don't do the right thing by yourself, but be led into the wrong path by the knowledge of the previous life.

We all know that productivity determines production relations, and production relations react on productivity.When the relations of production are suitable for the conditions of productive forces, the development of productive forces can be effectively promoted, and there are conditions for the stable development of society.If the relations of production are not suitable for productive forces, it will seriously hinder the development of productive forces.The difficulty lies in what kind of production relations are needed in the face of social reality.What kind of expression is this kind of production relationship?

Dividing human development into primitive society, slave society, feudal society and capitalist society is Marx's summary of European history.Stalin's theory, with socialism added at the end, became the five-paragraph theory of the development of human society.

This five-paragraph theory does not conform to the historical reality of China.In fact, except for Russia, the syllogisms do not correspond to any historical reality.

Using this five-stage theory, it is definitely not correct to think that China in the Song Dynasty was a feudal society, and if it entered the capitalist society first, it would be able to lead the world.In fact, a real capitalist society can only be basically conformed to in Europe and the United States.

In the feudal era of Europe and the United States, in addition to the agricultural areas dominated by the kings and nobles, there were also some autonomous industrial and commercial towns.The capitalist revolution wiped out kings and aristocrats.The political tradition formed has deep roots with these autonomous industrial and commercial towns.Wang Xiaolie doesn't know if other places in the world have such a social structure, but he knows that China does not.

What taxpayers, what townspeople rule the country, are developed on the basis of autonomous industrial and commercial towns in Europe and the United States, and have their unique political traditions.It's not right to bring it to China.Are there any benefits to such a political tradition and social structure?Of course there is.But for a country like China, it doesn't apply.

Learning from the West is to learn from where they can guide China's progress, but to copy cats and tigers, or even copy everything.From the European industrial revolution, other countries have learned, and no country has ever succeeded in learning in this way and in this way.

No matter what ideology or doctrine, if you want to succeed in China, you must Sinicize it.After Sinicization, it will definitely be completely different from its original appearance.This is normal and it is possible to succeed.

Thinking that the present is a feudal society, so they go to capitalism, and even vigorously promote and support capitalists, thinking that it is to save China, which is a manifestation of immature thinking.Some people even think that for the sake of capitalism, the interests of the people can be sacrificed, the capitalists can be in charge of the country, and the people can be the nourishment for the capitalists to make money.

What to do?There is actually no answer to this question.Where is the answer?The answer lies in the future after successful practice.

This is not only true of China, but also of other countries, nations, and even other civilizations in the world.Learning is never about copying other people's achievements, but absorbing nourishment, changing oneself, and forming one's own unique civilization.

Some people say that India's development needs a revolution.Others say that Africa needs to start with a feudal society.Such statements are all mistakes.What India needs, only Indians know.What Africa needs, likewise only Africans know.But one thing is certain, what they need is not to copy Europe and the United States, or to copy their previous suzerain country.

The relationship between theory and practice may be far more complicated than people think.

What is Tao, Wang Xiaolie can't tell.But know, as long as it is clearly stated, it is not Tao.The meaning of this sentence, in another way, is that there is no eternal truth in this world.All theories are not truths, they are all adapted to one moment and one place.For others, the theory is just for reference.Whether reference can be successful or not comes from practice.

Practice is the only criterion for testing truth, which caused a great discussion, which greatly liberated the mind.Wang Xiaolie believes that from the perspective of Chinese civilization, this is far from enough.It should be admitted that in order for theory to become truth, it must be practiced.Practice is not a test, in fact the true truth does not need to be tested.Practice is the revision and supplement of theory, making theory a reality.

Theory guides practice, not that practice should follow theory.Rather, it means knowing how to start practicing from the beginning.In the process of practice, not only practice needs the guidance of theory, but theory also needs the revision of practice.This process is complementary and indispensable.

Theory does not exist prior to practice, it exists prior to practice, and it is not a complete theory.Incomplete theories can only be used for reference, and cannot be regarded as natural and correct, let alone truth.

We always think that what we have learned and what theories are, we know what to do and how to do it.It's not like this.We feel that according to the theory it has succeeded, only because various conditions have been stipulated.

In the natural sciences, this phenomenon may be less confusing.In scientific experiments, as long as the prescribed steps are strictly followed, the desired results will almost certainly be obtained.In fact, after careful study, every experiment is different, but it doesn't affect it.

In social science, there are actually some things, as long as you do as required, you will get the desired results.Note, however, that these are conditional.It's just that those are different, you don't need to pay attention to them.

Ascending to civilization, it is almost impossible to stipulate good conditions, and the results obtained cannot ignore those differences.

Chinese civilization, no matter which school of thought, is almost the last to reach the Tao.What is Tao?can not say it clearly.What can be said clearly is when and what to do is not the Tao.

When I came back to my senses, I saw my sister staring at me strangely.Wang Xiaolie said: "Why does my sister look at me so strangely?"

"Strange?" Wang Qingxiu laughed when she heard that. "It's not that I look at your eyes strangely, but your appearance is strange. We two sisters and brothers are drinking, and you are lost in thought when you say a few words. How can I not be surprised?"

Wang Xiaolie was a little embarrassed.Said: "Everything is busy these days, and there is no time to relax. Today, I have a holiday with my sister, and I suddenly feel relaxed. I can't help but think too much."

Wang Qingxiu wondered, "What are you thinking about?"

Wang Xiaolie said: "I was thinking, this world of mortals is really like a world of mortals. When I am not an official, I am at ease and don't think about it. When I become an official, I have to consider all aspects. That’s why life isn’t easy.”

Wang Qingxiu said: "What are you talking about! I see people who are officials, their lives are just as easy. They have money and power, and they have people to help with everything. I don't know how happy they are!"

"That's nothing more than a fool." Wang Xiaolie felt a little emotional. "There are many things in the world that you don't think about. When you think about it, you find that you don't understand it. It's really hard to do things right. It's like being an official. How can you be a good person?" Official? It’s actually easy if you just make your superiors like it. It’s just that in doing so, you often have to wrong yourself and the people. And I’m a governor, and I’m a feudal town. There’s no way I can make my superiors like me. Officials hate it, and the most important thing is to satisfy the people. This is difficult."

Speaking of this, Wang Xiaolie pointed to the moon in the sky and said: "Just like the moon in the sky, it shines brightly at night. Many times, it is misunderstood that the moon only comes out at night. In fact, the moon is always in the sky, but it does not appear during the day. It’s easy to see. The sun and the moon have always been in the sky, but they have their own division of labor and their own roles.”

"Life is like a stage. When we come to this world, we have to play various roles on this stage. Some are heroes, some are villains, some are young men and women in love, and some are clowns. More people , is just a background. In addition to playing a good role on the stage, we also need our own life. Perhaps, the addition of on stage and off stage is a complete life."

(End of this chapter)