Bright Sword Military System

Chapter 1443 Transistor

"Improve the computer?" Turing couldn't help exclaiming when he heard Wang Xuexin's statement: "Comrade commander, the electronic tube computer is already perfect, isn't it? You have even used it in the military and played a great role!"

Wang Xuexin understood why Turing thought the tube computer was "perfect".

It's like someone who's been living in the slums for a long time suddenly lets him live in a two-bedroom apartment, which he must think is the perfect house.

But you don’t understand the world of the rich, there are villas, presidential suites, billionaire mansions on top of the units…

At this time, Turing was almost like this. His thinking was still on mechanical computers and relay computers. When he suddenly saw a tube computer, he felt that it was enough. He had no idea that the development of computers had just begun.

Wang Xuexin replied: "It's not perfect yet!"

"Maybe!" Turing replied: "Nothing is perfect. Technology is always improving and it will definitely get better and better in the future! But now, I think it is already the best in the world and there is nothing to improve!"

"No, Mr. Turing!" Wang Xuexin replied: "Now we have a problem: we need to stuff it into the missile to control the flight of the missile, but if we use a tube computer, do you know what will happen?"

Turing nodded after thinking for a while, "The electronic tube computer is too big to fit into the missile. In addition, the electronic tube will be broken due to the launch of the missile! Also, if the missile flies to a certain height, it may be damaged due to the change of air pressure." Burst the vacuum tube!"

Wang Xuexin nodded secretly. As expected of Turing, you can know where the problem is just by imagining it. The third point even Wang Xuexin, a modern person, didn't think of it...

"But how can we solve these problems?" Turing asked suspiciously: "Further shrinking the tube? Or increasing the strength of the tube? No, no, this is not realistic... Even if it is done, the failure rate of the tube under severe vibration Still no guarantee it will work!"

"That's right, so we can't use tubes!"

"Can't use electron tubes?" Turing and Joan looked at each other.

After a long while, Turing asked: "Comrade commander, what do you mean, besides relays and electronic tubes, we have other things that can be used as computing units of computers?"

Wang Xuexin asked instead: "Has Mr. Turing paid attention to the research of semiconductors?"

"You mean Dr. Wilson's research?" Turing glanced at Wang Xuexin unexpectedly, then nodded and said, "Yes, I have read his works!"

Semiconductor is a high-tech thing when you hear its name. In fact, it is a general term for substances whose conductivity is between conductors and insulators.

Although the transistor was invented in 47, scientists have always been interested in the strange phenomena of semiconductors before that, and it is precisely because of these "interests" that they laid the foundation for the invention of the transistor.

It is now 43 years. Although it is four years earlier than the time when the transistor was invented, the theoretical accumulation has almost been perfected.

"Semiconductors and Metals" published by Wilson, a scientist who never sets in the sun, puts forward in the book that the concept of impurity level and defect level is one of the main theories of transistors.

(Note: "Semiconductors and Metals" was published in 1939)

Turing and Wilson are both scientists who never set, and they are in similar fields. It is not surprising that there is learning and exchange of knowledge.

Joan immediately guessed what Wang Xuexin was thinking, and she asked, "Comrade leader, you don't know...do you want to replace electron tubes with semiconductors?"

"Why not?" Wang Xuexin replied: "Semiconductor is a solid, we can make it very small, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the volume. At the same time, it does not need to worry about impulse and air pressure, which can be said to be excellent. Computing unit!"

"But..." Joan was confused: "How can we turn this thing into a computing unit?"

"Similar to relays or electronic tubes!" Wang Xuexin replied: "We apply voltage to relays and electronic tubes to keep them open, and use the open state to represent '1' and open circuit to represent '0'. The same is true for semiconductors!"

"The point is that these two states do not exist in semiconductors!"

"Then let's make it have these two states, just like inventing relays and tubes!"

"How to create it? At least there is no such technology!" Joan emphasized.

Wang Xuexin's take-for-granted attitude irritated Joan, because Joan felt that Wang Xuexin was contemptuous of the entire scientific community:
This commander of the Eighth Route Army is simply crazy. He thought he could easily do what so many scientists failed to research!
Who does he think he is?
God?
Wang Xuexin ignored Joan's eyes, and beckoned to the technician passing by to bring him paper and pens... The research institute has just been established, and things like paper and pens have not yet been prepared.

The technicians were very quick to do the work, and they found paper and pens in a short while, and even had someone move a desk and some chairs.

Wang Xuexin sat down with Ling and the angry Qiong, and then drew a picture on the paper, and said while drawing: "Semiconductors, such as silicon we are familiar with, have poor conductivity at room temperature because the outermost layer has 4 electrons. It's not easy to get electrons and it's not easy to lose electrons, right?"

Turing nodded naturally. His thinking is relatively simple, and he can only think from a scientific point of view when encountering problems.

But Joan looked at Wang Xuexin quite unexpectedly, she didn't expect Wang Xuexin to understand this.

Wang Xuexin continued: "But as Dr. Wilson said, doping some impurities in pure silicon can change the conductivity of the semiconductor. If we dope phosphorus with valence electrons of 5 in pure silicon, there will be more An electron can move, if we doped boron with a valence electron of 3, it will create holes that can accommodate electrons, these two things doped with different impurities... one with extra electrons and one that can accommodate electrons Holes can allow electrons to move in a directional manner and thus have directional conductivity!"

Turing nodded again, which is not difficult to understand, even Wilson mentioned this phenomenon in the book.

Then Turing asked: "But what does this have to do with our computing unit?"

Wang Xuexin calmly drew another piece of silicon doped with phosphorus, that is, pentavalent electrons, on the other end, and said: "What if we artificially make such a combination? Can we complete a circuit similar to relays and electron tubes?" Connected?"

Turing didn't understand at the beginning, but the next second he suddenly raised his head and looked at Wang Xuexin in shock: "You are right, Comrade Commander! We only need to combine these three crystals together to replace relays and relays." Tubes!"

(End of this chapter)