Start with a college teacher

Chapter 756 Freshness (2)

Today is one of the most important nodes of the whole series of lectures, and it is also the opening work of the lecture topic biology of this exhibition, and the number of audiences in the audience is even larger.

If you look more carefully, you will find that the crowd in the audience is also very different.

The Swede is sitting upright and well-behaved;
Media reporters from various countries are carrying various photographic equipment and cameras;
Those with a higher proportion of Mediterranean hairstyles are physicists or chemists;

Those with messy hair are biological people.

Among such a large crowd, there are many Asian faces mixed in.

Maybe Europeans are blind and can't tell which is Nanbangzi, which is Fusang and which is Chinese, but as a Chinese, Shen Guanglin can tell where they are from just by looking at their temperament without talking.

Needless to say, judging by their polite and arrogant demeanor, they must be Fusang people.

Once, during World War II, in order to distinguish the Fusang people from the Huaxia people, Citigroup published a pamphlet called How to spot a Jap, which put forward 9 suggestions. It is still very reasonable to distinguish them from appearance, legs and language. of.

The first item in the booklet is "The first thing you need to look at is appearance. We use C to represent Huaxia people, and J to represent Fusang people. Huaxia people are close to Huaxia people in height, and Fusang people are shorter. It seems that their legs It looks like it grows directly on the chest, without a waist."

After Shen Guanglin stood on the podium, everyone in the audience immediately burst into warm applause.

Shen Guanglin didn't speak, just waited quietly with a smile, he was the king at the moment and was being crowned.

No matter how long the applause gradually stopped, Shen Guanglin finished enjoying this graceful process, then straightened his collar, and spoke: "Everyone has been looking forward to today's lecture for a long time."

of course!

Especially biologists, they have been looking forward to it for many days.

Among them, Morrison, a biologist from Australia, rubbed his red eyes vigorously, and began to ask the people around him: "Professor Shen, are you sure he will talk about biology today? Are you sure he will zoom in?"

Morrison rushed over from Sydney yesterday, and came to listen to the lecture without much rest. His eyes were sore and uncomfortable, and he was trying to bear it.

"According to the previous process, what's the matter with you, Brother Morrison, did you have fun last night? You should take it easy when you are middle-aged. Although Swedish TV is good, you can't be greedy."

The person who spoke to him was Johnson, a biologist from their suzerain country, England. Although the English people are not as humorous as the Citigroupers, they are not as rigid as the Swedes.

Morrison gave Johnson a hard look, and then justified, "I didn't sleep well last night, the jet lag was wrong, I was jet lagged, you don't know that there is an 8-hour jet lag between Sydney and Stockholm."

Johnson didn't listen to what he continued, he began to listen to Shen Guanglin.

At this time, Shen Guanglin officially started his lecture, which was about jet lag.

"As you all know, I am from the capital of China. There is a 6-hour time difference between BJ and Stockholm. In the first few days when I first came here, I couldn't sleep at night and couldn't wake up during the day."

What Shen Guanglin said resonated with Morrison, and many people also had the same experience. Being tortured by jet lag was not as easy as imagined.

Where is the biological clock that can be changed by sleeping?

Therefore, some Olympic athletes began to adjust their physical condition and biological clock for the time of the competition very early.

After all, if the time difference is wrong when the game is held, the physical condition of the person is not good.

"Today, what I want to talk about is the biological phenomenon related to jet lag, also known as the biological clock."

Following Shen Guanglin's narration, everyone in the audience looked disappointed.

Is Professor Shen at the end of his rope?
Because what Shen Guanglin talked about is not a new topic. At least, many people are studying the phenomenon of the biological clock, and they have obtained a lot of results.

As if hearing everyone's aspirations, Shen Guanglin continued to explain:

"I know that many of you are studying the biological clock, but I think that at this stage, no one can research as deeply as my laboratory, and there is no one who is more proficient in this aspect than me at this stage, so That's why I speak on stage and you listen offstage."

This is a bit too much. Although it may be true, it is still a bit unacceptable.

Isn't it just a broken biological clock? Which one of you who studies biology doesn't know this thing?

The audience was buzzing, and everyone was really disappointed. What is there to say about the biological clock, these two hours were wasted.

However, Shen Guanglin was not moved by everyone's emotions, but continued: "Today, what I want to talk about is the relationship between biological clocks and genes."

Um?What?
As soon as Shen Guanglin said this, the audience fell silent.

What is the relationship between the biological clock and genes, and there is also a connection?

We really haven't studied this entry point yet.

It is right that you have not studied it. You must know that the research topic of the Nobel Prize winners in biology in 2017 is the relationship between the biological clock and genes.

If they in the audience really studied it, wouldn't they win the award?

Shen Guanglin groaned twice, and then continued: "Isn't this point of view novel? Does anyone dare to say that they can surpass me in this respect?"

Sure enough, no one whispered.

"From humans, animals, plants to bacteria, almost all organisms have a biological clock. It affects various physiological processes and behaviors such as blood pressure, blood sugar, sleep, and metabolism. More importantly, people have not noticed that the biological clock controls 10% to 43% of gene expression."

Shen Guanglin really started to talk about the relevant knowledge of the biological clock, not in general terms, but really in-depth.

"As you all know, my laboratory is the greatest laboratory in the world, so my researchers are not only powerful, but also very busy, often have to work overtime, and sometimes even have to work 110 hours a week.

Therefore, we are particularly envious of those who go to bed early and get up early, and because of this, we have found a gene for 'early to bed and early to rise'.

After our investigation, there is a family in which people are used to getting up at 3:4 to 18:19 and going to bed at [-]:[-] to [-]:[-].

After a period of research, it was found that the cause of this phenomenon was a mutation in the family's PER2 gene, which regulates sleep behavior.If this mutant gene is transferred to mice, the mice will also go to bed early and get up early. "

Like telling a story, Shen Guanglin quickly brought the scope of his speech into the category of advanced science. Moreover, he also explained night eating disorder and ADHD with changes in biological clock genes.

"Using a retroviral insertion, we mutated the main clock gene per1b in mice, which allowed them to exercise twice as much as normal mice.

Therefore, ADHD is also related to the biological clock.Moreover, the pathogenesis of ADHD is largely due to gene mutations. "

Shen Guanglin actually narrated it according to the papers given to him by the students, which meant to follow the script.

However, the audience in the audience was very focused, because this was a phenomenon that these "genuine" biologists hadn't noticed.

"Not only genes, but also environmental factors such as light and diet can also affect changes in biological clocks. Disturbances in biological clocks are closely related to mental diseases, and can also lead to endocrine and metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.

During the evolution of the origin of life, the 24-hour life rhythm constituted by organisms in the solar system is an adaptive mechanism to achieve an optimal balance with the environment.

After occasional deviations from 24 hours, regular sleep and eating, the biological clock also has the ability to reset itself.Generally, it takes 1 week for the brain, and [-] weeks for the liver and stomach. "

(End of this chapter)