It's not that hard to open a hospital in another world, right?
Chapter 488 Give blood to the dead, try it?
Chapter 488 Give blood to the dead, try it?
Hirudin—in other words, using leeches as a spell-casting material, the anti-coagulation spells released have immediate effects.
At the very least, when Gretel centrifuged the blood again, sucked out the serum and red blood cells, and carried out cross-matching, he could already observe that blood coagulation occurred in some test tubes, and some test tubes did not—of course, in some test tubes, Hemolysis was observed.
"Look, if the blood does not coagulate or lyse, it means it is the same type of blood!"
Gretel held the test tube high, his eyes sparkling.In the previous life, regardless of whether RH was positive or negative, human beings had four common blood types.Looking for four samples, it just so happens that the probability of one person for each type is still very small, and the probability is relatively high that two blood types with the same blood type can be found!
Going down this road and increasing the number of samples, although it cannot prove Type A, Type B, Type AB, and Type O—there is currently a lack of conditions for studying antigens and antibodies—but at least it can prove that there are several differences blood type!
Then you can have a blood transfusion!Surgery or something, although the treatment can take up half of the work, but there is still blood transfusion at the side to assist, so I am more courageous...
Gretel's eyes sparkled with excitement.Turning around, I met a group of bewildered eyes:
"That... the blood does not coagulate, is it really not because the anticoagulation spell is too strong?"
"It may also be because too much anticoagulant drugs have been added! The principle of anticoagulant spells is to use the effective power in the spell-casting materials to affect the blood!"
"Yes yes yes!"
"Maybe it's that—" pointing to the centrifuge, "spin too fast, or spin too many times, breaking the blood cells in it, so it won't coagulate?"
Gretel took a deep breath and exhaled deeply, not only was it not annoying, but also felt a little kind.Back then, when he first stepped into the palace of medicine, his mind was full of doubts, or, his mind was full of whimsical ideas, and he felt that he was very imaginative...
Then, he was sprayed with a black face by the teacher:
"Go to see "Physiology"! "Immunology"! I don't understand the basic theory, I just think about it, one by one, I want to fly before I can walk!"
Of course I figured it out later.The coagulation mechanism of the blood type test and the anticoagulation mechanism of the anticoagulant follow two routes.The "coagulation" of modern blood type testing is to use the reaction of antigen and antibody to "bind" red blood cells together, so that people can observe blood coagulation;
The anticoagulation of anticoagulants antagonizes the natural coagulation mechanism.For example, heparin inhibits thrombin, and EDTA removes calcium ions... Therefore, no matter how much anticoagulant is added, or no matter how strong the anticoagulant is used, it will not hinder blood agglutination during cross-matching.
As for the centrifuge, the red blood cells will burst, most likely because the centrifugal force is too strong, and the red blood cells are crushed, but it has nothing to do with the number of revolutions.
However, although he doesn’t know the centrifugal force of the centrifuge used by Gretel, he can be sure of one thing:
The version he used was similar in size and speed to the one used by Corey in the previous life test.Therefore, it must not crush the red blood cells!
But still the same sentence, there is currently no research conditions for antigens and antibodies, and there is no way to prove them.Gretel can only draw a simple conclusion:
"Anyway, as long as it can be used! A batch of blood samples were made at the same time, some were clotted, some were hemolyzed, and some were not coagulated and not hemolyzed, which shows that the influencing factors are not the strength of the spell and the material, but something else!"
This reasoning makes sense.If it doesn't make sense, it's a big deal to do a few more experiments to verify it.Archmage Grom nodded:
"Then...it proves that some blood can neither hemolyze nor coagulate, so what?"
"Without hemolysis and coagulation, they belong to the same blood type, so they can transfuse each other! ——When the human body loses too much blood, the probability of transfusion reaction will be much smaller if the blood of the same blood type is transfused!"
The necromancers glanced at each other.For a man who has lost a lot of blood, give him a blood transfusion to save his life-of course the necromancers have tried.Inputting cow blood, horse blood, sheep blood, human blood, all kinds of attempts, they have done it more than once...
A small number of experiments with animal blood were temporarily successful, but most of them failed; experiments with human blood were a small part of success, but most of them failed.The failure rate is too high, there is no advantage in front of the treatment, and there is no law of success at all.
In the paper library of the parliament, dozens or hundreds of papers describing the failure process are full of corpses of the subjects.
So, the secret of successful blood transfusion is the same blood type?
"Can I do an experiment to verify it for you?" Among the dozen or so necromancers, the one who provided mosquitoes as spell-casting materials and was changed into leeches by Gretel took a step forward and bowed slightly.Gretel replied without hesitation:
"Of course the experiment will be done! It must be done!—how are you going to do it?"
"Find a group of people, do experiments according to your idea, and verify the success rate of blood transfusion..."
The necromancer blurted out the answer without even thinking about it.
"What?!" Even though Gretel was mentally prepared, he was still taken aback.Do it directly with healthy living people?Unknowingly, his voice became louder, and he said:
"no!"
"We gave you the money..." the pleading necromancer explained carefully.There are a group of living people kept in captivity in Black Crow Swamp at any time. If you want to get experimental materials and do experiments, just bring them here—of course, it’s not for nothing, and you must pay the school.
And these living people usually give money, and they have to pay for materials. In case of sickness, disability, and death, they will also give family pensions.It doesn't matter if you want to be an experiment in Black Crow Swamp, and you won't be able to wait for it.
Of course, if any archmage spoils the experimental product too much, causing the experimental product to be insufficient all of a sudden, there will be a lot of poor people on the street.Just throw out a handful of gold coins, those who want to die are dead, and those who want to live are alive...
"No, absolutely not." Gretel shook his head quickly.
The necromancers collectively lost face.It's not that they don't give money, the experimental subjects have signed life and death certificates, why can't they be used?This Nordmark mage has too much control...
But there is no way.After listening to their lectures, using their experimental plans, and doing verification experiments for them, you must abide by their rules.Beside the requester, a younger necromancer cautiously raised his hand:
"Then...give me a blood transfusion?"
I volunteer!Don't be ashamed of dedicating yourself to research!Well, before doing the experiment, I need to go to the next door to bring some mages from the medical branch over...
"No!" Gretel continued to shake his head:
"It's not a question of whether you are willing or not - it is not allowed to directly use healthy people for experiments!"
It's not in line with medical ethics!
Where do you go to find people who are bleeding so much that they might die, and try to give them a blood transfusion?Gretel rubbed his forehead, then rubbed it again.Excessive blood loss, injury, in this era, the group with the highest probability of encountering these things is... Yes!
He turned to Archmage Grom:
"Otherwise... would you take me to the Temple of the God of War? Or to the army where? I'll find a group of people, have their blood types checked first, and then find a chance to give them blood transfusions?"
"Then when will we go..."
The necromancers wailed collectively.The point is, their relationship with the Temple of the God of War is not very good, so they can't test it openly.Are you looking for an army? During the recent period, the surrounding area is quite safe, and there are no major conflicts between the lords...
Count on that little injury during training?
The odds are too low!
"Then... try with animals? Cats, dogs, pigs? Or horses?"
Gretel came up with another plan.The necromancers were shocked:
"What? Do animals have different blood types?"
"It should be..." Gretel answered completely without confidence.In other words, cats have different blood types, so do dogs, and many animals do—but how many blood types do these animals have, how much do they account for, and how many samples are needed to determine different blood types?
Gretel had no idea.Hey, it seems that some classmate complained before, saying that although cats only have three blood types, more than 95% of cats have the same blood type.In other words, if you catch two cats and transfuse them casually, there will be basically no problem...
Then there is no experimental value!
He has no confidence himself, and it is even more impossible for others to agree.The black-robed mages in the room shook their heads with aspirations. The black robes fluttered and their thin, sallow heads dangled. It looked very scary.Shaking and shaking, someone suddenly slapped his head:
"We can give blood to the dead!"
"Yes, that's right! Blood transfusion for the dead!"
"I'm going to get the body!"
"I'll go get it too! I haven't used up my share of high-level corpses this year!"
A group of magicians ran away.Gretel was at a loss:
"Wait... what the hell?"
What the hell is giving blood to the dead? !Your dead person needs a blood transfusion, no, your dead person still has blood in his veins!
"You don't know that, do you?" Archmage Grom said with a smile.After Gretel entered the Tower of Sleeplessness, he has been sending out shocks to others, and it is rare for him to be shocked by others——
"The School of Necromancy has always had a theory that if the vitality of the blood can be maintained, it is more conducive to manipulating the corpse and even resurrecting the corpse. Therefore, there are flowing blood in many high-level corpses. Since you don't want to use Living people, then, let’s try it with dead people.”
...No, by the way, the corpses you keep can also be tested for blood type? !
Gretel continued to be at a loss.Soon, a large number of necromancers came and went, dragging one or two corpses each, and rushed into the laboratory cheering.
Gretel had to command:
"Don't worry! Don't worry! First tidy up the laboratory bench, brush the test tubes, and label them!"
"Don't be lazy and use the cleaning technique when brushing the test tube! - The cleaning technique can only be used for the first time, and then manual brushing is required! The standard is that the water on the inner wall of the test tube neither condenses into droplets nor flows down in streams!"
"Don't draw too much blood, one tube of 5ml is enough! You only need one or two drops of blood for the cross matching experiment!"
"The centrifuge needs to be trimmed! Trimmed! If it is not trimmed, it cannot be turned on!"
"squeak--"
The shaft made an unpleasant noise.With quick eyes and quick hands, Gretel re-cast two defensive spells for himself, and jumped behind Archmage Grom.
****
With emotion, the development of many medical research in the early years was due to the blessing of low human rights advantages.Now, in order to verify that "this kind of blood transfusion is possible", you just try to get a healthy person to give blood transfusion?
The head of the medical ethics committee will be knocked off for you!
Routinely ask for subscriptions, ask for monthly tickets, ask for recommendation tickets, ask for book reviews, ask for various...
Thanks to @魔法少女卫卡喵 for the reward of 500 starting coins
Thanks to @书凡 for the reward of 100 starting coins
(End of this chapter)
Hirudin—in other words, using leeches as a spell-casting material, the anti-coagulation spells released have immediate effects.
At the very least, when Gretel centrifuged the blood again, sucked out the serum and red blood cells, and carried out cross-matching, he could already observe that blood coagulation occurred in some test tubes, and some test tubes did not—of course, in some test tubes, Hemolysis was observed.
"Look, if the blood does not coagulate or lyse, it means it is the same type of blood!"
Gretel held the test tube high, his eyes sparkling.In the previous life, regardless of whether RH was positive or negative, human beings had four common blood types.Looking for four samples, it just so happens that the probability of one person for each type is still very small, and the probability is relatively high that two blood types with the same blood type can be found!
Going down this road and increasing the number of samples, although it cannot prove Type A, Type B, Type AB, and Type O—there is currently a lack of conditions for studying antigens and antibodies—but at least it can prove that there are several differences blood type!
Then you can have a blood transfusion!Surgery or something, although the treatment can take up half of the work, but there is still blood transfusion at the side to assist, so I am more courageous...
Gretel's eyes sparkled with excitement.Turning around, I met a group of bewildered eyes:
"That... the blood does not coagulate, is it really not because the anticoagulation spell is too strong?"
"It may also be because too much anticoagulant drugs have been added! The principle of anticoagulant spells is to use the effective power in the spell-casting materials to affect the blood!"
"Yes yes yes!"
"Maybe it's that—" pointing to the centrifuge, "spin too fast, or spin too many times, breaking the blood cells in it, so it won't coagulate?"
Gretel took a deep breath and exhaled deeply, not only was it not annoying, but also felt a little kind.Back then, when he first stepped into the palace of medicine, his mind was full of doubts, or, his mind was full of whimsical ideas, and he felt that he was very imaginative...
Then, he was sprayed with a black face by the teacher:
"Go to see "Physiology"! "Immunology"! I don't understand the basic theory, I just think about it, one by one, I want to fly before I can walk!"
Of course I figured it out later.The coagulation mechanism of the blood type test and the anticoagulation mechanism of the anticoagulant follow two routes.The "coagulation" of modern blood type testing is to use the reaction of antigen and antibody to "bind" red blood cells together, so that people can observe blood coagulation;
The anticoagulation of anticoagulants antagonizes the natural coagulation mechanism.For example, heparin inhibits thrombin, and EDTA removes calcium ions... Therefore, no matter how much anticoagulant is added, or no matter how strong the anticoagulant is used, it will not hinder blood agglutination during cross-matching.
As for the centrifuge, the red blood cells will burst, most likely because the centrifugal force is too strong, and the red blood cells are crushed, but it has nothing to do with the number of revolutions.
However, although he doesn’t know the centrifugal force of the centrifuge used by Gretel, he can be sure of one thing:
The version he used was similar in size and speed to the one used by Corey in the previous life test.Therefore, it must not crush the red blood cells!
But still the same sentence, there is currently no research conditions for antigens and antibodies, and there is no way to prove them.Gretel can only draw a simple conclusion:
"Anyway, as long as it can be used! A batch of blood samples were made at the same time, some were clotted, some were hemolyzed, and some were not coagulated and not hemolyzed, which shows that the influencing factors are not the strength of the spell and the material, but something else!"
This reasoning makes sense.If it doesn't make sense, it's a big deal to do a few more experiments to verify it.Archmage Grom nodded:
"Then...it proves that some blood can neither hemolyze nor coagulate, so what?"
"Without hemolysis and coagulation, they belong to the same blood type, so they can transfuse each other! ——When the human body loses too much blood, the probability of transfusion reaction will be much smaller if the blood of the same blood type is transfused!"
The necromancers glanced at each other.For a man who has lost a lot of blood, give him a blood transfusion to save his life-of course the necromancers have tried.Inputting cow blood, horse blood, sheep blood, human blood, all kinds of attempts, they have done it more than once...
A small number of experiments with animal blood were temporarily successful, but most of them failed; experiments with human blood were a small part of success, but most of them failed.The failure rate is too high, there is no advantage in front of the treatment, and there is no law of success at all.
In the paper library of the parliament, dozens or hundreds of papers describing the failure process are full of corpses of the subjects.
So, the secret of successful blood transfusion is the same blood type?
"Can I do an experiment to verify it for you?" Among the dozen or so necromancers, the one who provided mosquitoes as spell-casting materials and was changed into leeches by Gretel took a step forward and bowed slightly.Gretel replied without hesitation:
"Of course the experiment will be done! It must be done!—how are you going to do it?"
"Find a group of people, do experiments according to your idea, and verify the success rate of blood transfusion..."
The necromancer blurted out the answer without even thinking about it.
"What?!" Even though Gretel was mentally prepared, he was still taken aback.Do it directly with healthy living people?Unknowingly, his voice became louder, and he said:
"no!"
"We gave you the money..." the pleading necromancer explained carefully.There are a group of living people kept in captivity in Black Crow Swamp at any time. If you want to get experimental materials and do experiments, just bring them here—of course, it’s not for nothing, and you must pay the school.
And these living people usually give money, and they have to pay for materials. In case of sickness, disability, and death, they will also give family pensions.It doesn't matter if you want to be an experiment in Black Crow Swamp, and you won't be able to wait for it.
Of course, if any archmage spoils the experimental product too much, causing the experimental product to be insufficient all of a sudden, there will be a lot of poor people on the street.Just throw out a handful of gold coins, those who want to die are dead, and those who want to live are alive...
"No, absolutely not." Gretel shook his head quickly.
The necromancers collectively lost face.It's not that they don't give money, the experimental subjects have signed life and death certificates, why can't they be used?This Nordmark mage has too much control...
But there is no way.After listening to their lectures, using their experimental plans, and doing verification experiments for them, you must abide by their rules.Beside the requester, a younger necromancer cautiously raised his hand:
"Then...give me a blood transfusion?"
I volunteer!Don't be ashamed of dedicating yourself to research!Well, before doing the experiment, I need to go to the next door to bring some mages from the medical branch over...
"No!" Gretel continued to shake his head:
"It's not a question of whether you are willing or not - it is not allowed to directly use healthy people for experiments!"
It's not in line with medical ethics!
Where do you go to find people who are bleeding so much that they might die, and try to give them a blood transfusion?Gretel rubbed his forehead, then rubbed it again.Excessive blood loss, injury, in this era, the group with the highest probability of encountering these things is... Yes!
He turned to Archmage Grom:
"Otherwise... would you take me to the Temple of the God of War? Or to the army where? I'll find a group of people, have their blood types checked first, and then find a chance to give them blood transfusions?"
"Then when will we go..."
The necromancers wailed collectively.The point is, their relationship with the Temple of the God of War is not very good, so they can't test it openly.Are you looking for an army? During the recent period, the surrounding area is quite safe, and there are no major conflicts between the lords...
Count on that little injury during training?
The odds are too low!
"Then... try with animals? Cats, dogs, pigs? Or horses?"
Gretel came up with another plan.The necromancers were shocked:
"What? Do animals have different blood types?"
"It should be..." Gretel answered completely without confidence.In other words, cats have different blood types, so do dogs, and many animals do—but how many blood types do these animals have, how much do they account for, and how many samples are needed to determine different blood types?
Gretel had no idea.Hey, it seems that some classmate complained before, saying that although cats only have three blood types, more than 95% of cats have the same blood type.In other words, if you catch two cats and transfuse them casually, there will be basically no problem...
Then there is no experimental value!
He has no confidence himself, and it is even more impossible for others to agree.The black-robed mages in the room shook their heads with aspirations. The black robes fluttered and their thin, sallow heads dangled. It looked very scary.Shaking and shaking, someone suddenly slapped his head:
"We can give blood to the dead!"
"Yes, that's right! Blood transfusion for the dead!"
"I'm going to get the body!"
"I'll go get it too! I haven't used up my share of high-level corpses this year!"
A group of magicians ran away.Gretel was at a loss:
"Wait... what the hell?"
What the hell is giving blood to the dead? !Your dead person needs a blood transfusion, no, your dead person still has blood in his veins!
"You don't know that, do you?" Archmage Grom said with a smile.After Gretel entered the Tower of Sleeplessness, he has been sending out shocks to others, and it is rare for him to be shocked by others——
"The School of Necromancy has always had a theory that if the vitality of the blood can be maintained, it is more conducive to manipulating the corpse and even resurrecting the corpse. Therefore, there are flowing blood in many high-level corpses. Since you don't want to use Living people, then, let’s try it with dead people.”
...No, by the way, the corpses you keep can also be tested for blood type? !
Gretel continued to be at a loss.Soon, a large number of necromancers came and went, dragging one or two corpses each, and rushed into the laboratory cheering.
Gretel had to command:
"Don't worry! Don't worry! First tidy up the laboratory bench, brush the test tubes, and label them!"
"Don't be lazy and use the cleaning technique when brushing the test tube! - The cleaning technique can only be used for the first time, and then manual brushing is required! The standard is that the water on the inner wall of the test tube neither condenses into droplets nor flows down in streams!"
"Don't draw too much blood, one tube of 5ml is enough! You only need one or two drops of blood for the cross matching experiment!"
"The centrifuge needs to be trimmed! Trimmed! If it is not trimmed, it cannot be turned on!"
"squeak--"
The shaft made an unpleasant noise.With quick eyes and quick hands, Gretel re-cast two defensive spells for himself, and jumped behind Archmage Grom.
****
With emotion, the development of many medical research in the early years was due to the blessing of low human rights advantages.Now, in order to verify that "this kind of blood transfusion is possible", you just try to get a healthy person to give blood transfusion?
The head of the medical ethics committee will be knocked off for you!
Routinely ask for subscriptions, ask for monthly tickets, ask for recommendation tickets, ask for book reviews, ask for various...
Thanks to @魔法少女卫卡喵 for the reward of 500 starting coins
Thanks to @书凡 for the reward of 100 starting coins
(End of this chapter)
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