I am the king of the dead

Chapter 608

Li Binyan did not impose any specific punishment on Fei Ye, everything was decided by Shangyi.

Li Binyan was holding a book in his hand. This book was collectively written by the craftsmen of the craftsman city. It was called "Kun Yuzhi", and it consisted of sixteen volumes.

The first to sixth volumes are about mining, the seventh volume is about experimental methods, the eighth volume is about mineral processing, the ninth volume is about smelting, the tenth volume is about metal separation, No.11 is about metallurgical equipment, No. Volume 12 is the charcoal method.

This book is a compilation of the culmination of smelting techniques in many official factories, but there is no smelting method of Daming Iron and Steel in the book. Cast iron, steel, ordnance and rust protection.

The first twelve volumes were published on a large scale, and the last four volumes were the textbooks of the Daming Craftsman Academy.

In this "Kun Yu Zhi", there is no mysterious and mysterious statement, the description of the process and equipment is very clear and accurate, and it is equipped with 290 woodcut drawings, even if you don't know the art of smelting, you can understand it.

And the author is Chang Youde.

Often Deben is not a craftsman, but a doctor in a saddle factory.

The Maanchang Special Zone has 15 households, with a total of [-] people. There are also garrisoned Beijing troops and prisoners after the Nanya quelled the rebellion, totaling more than [-] people. As the five-year hard labor of the prisoners continues to end, the Maanchang The number did not decrease, but gradually increased.

There are more than [-] mine pits in the Ma'an Factory alone, making Ma'anshan pitted, and these mines are excavated by ordinary people and kiln workers in Daming. To see a doctor, Chang Youde was transferred from Shijingchang doctor to Ma'anchang special zone.

During these seven years of work, Chang Youde's medical skills were basically at the level of "Preventive Hygiene and Simple Prescriptions", but his smelting technology has improved by leaps and bounds. Chronicles.

Li Binyan studied ink and picked up a pen. He wanted to write a preface for this Kun Yu Zhi, and then send it to the capital.

"Fu Yihuangtian brings good fortune, and Fu Dabao is in Yuanliang; during the reign of the Holy Emperor, Dianqun was born in Jingtai. The sound and teaching permeated the world, and the benevolence and kindness spread throughout the world, and the gods and men celebrated. Your Majesty the Emperor, wise Rui Zhi, success is more beautiful than Tang Yu..." Li Binyan's opening is the standard opening of a preface, in summary, it is a beautiful article of praise, flattering and slapping, making the emperor more dizzy, saying The courtiers are more respectful.

Although Li Binyan is not good at this, but after all, he was born as a Jinshi, so as long as he thinks about flattery, he can write a bunch of flattery that the parties blush after seeing it.

It can be said that Li Mei is in Tang Yu, Maode Pi is in Tang and Wu, En Guang is in the two rooms, and his merits will last forever.

"Kun, the earth, everything is nourished, so it is said to serve Kun; Yu, Cheyu, Kun is the earth, and it is the great jade." Li Binyan first explained the meaning of the word "kunyu".

The largest car in the world is the earth, so the map is the map, and the study of the land is the study of the map.

Li Binyan continued to write: "All the elites who conceived in the land have insight into the origin and elucidated the profound meaning. That is, whether ore veins are beneficial or not, and they also explore the mystery. If they can be mined properly and smelted legally, then all gold, silver, copper, tin, and lead Iron and other items can be used for the country and the people’s livelihood.”

"What is recorded in the book is to peep into the mountains, observe the veins, and test hardware. There are medicines for mining and forging with my husband, and schemas for smelting utensils, and they are all in good order."

Li Binyan stopped writing at this point and put down the pen, frowning tightly. He found a problem. He explained the word Kunyu clearly, but he couldn't explain the character Zhi clearly.

He hesitated for a moment, then suddenly he had a flash of inspiration and wrote down the words Gewuzhizhi before nodding his head in satisfaction.

"Ge, Zhiye, objective observation and cognition. Things, like things, objective things. To, push to extremes, subjective analysis. Knowledge, like knowledge, objective laws."

"Those who extend knowledge are in the investigation of things, if they want to exhaust my knowledge, they will find out the reason." After writing this paragraph, Li Binyan's brows finally relaxed, and he worked hard to complete the draft of "Kunyu Gezhi".

Gezhi is a classic concept of Neo-Confucianism. It comes from the "Book of Rites", which says that knowledge is based on investigating things, and then you know when you understand things. In fact, it was Li Binyan who froze on Li Daitao.

Specifically, Li Binyan wants to establish a set of testable and reproducible explanations for objectively existing phenomena, and a formalized theoretical knowledge system for objective things.

Li Binyan, who looked up at the starry sky, observed astronomy, and Li Binyan, who was down-to-earth, built a craftsman city, all of which are Li Binyan.

At this time, Li Binyan was not clear about it. He opened a door to science for Daming. He just couldn't understand his thoughts for a while, so he stopped writing for a while, and wrote down the four words "Gewuzhizhi" in a flash of inspiration. After writing, his thoughts became clear.

He further clarified the Neo Confucian concept of gewuzhizhi.

Li Binyan finished writing the manuscript, read it through, and when he re-transcribed it, he shook his head again. He felt that what he wrote was still not precise enough and too broad, so he continued to write: "Confucian scholars should cultivate their moral character internally, and govern the country externally. ;"

"Those who study things, those who are masters study things and gain knowledge, can pass through the world, and those who are second can also benefit people's livelihood, economical and useful, and it is not a useless study."

"Confucianism can be the body, and the study of things can be used for the purpose. People with insight, the two are indispensable."

"Looking at things to gain knowledge, that is, knowing things!"

Li Binyan dried up the entry draft, hoping that His Majesty, who is far away in the capital, can understand what he wrote.

In this entry draft, Li Binyan compared craftsmen and craftsmen and officials from the low-level with strange and obscene skills to those who studied things and compared them with Confucian scholars.

In the definition of gewuzhizhi, it is further determined that the principle of wuzhizhi, observing objective things, summarizing objective laws, and combing them into formalized, systematic, testable, and reproducible systematic knowledge is the essence of gewuzhizhi. itself.

Li Binyan looked at his entry draft with a burst of silly joy, then carefully sealed it, handed it over to the post office, and sent it to the capital.

"Kun Yu Ge Zhi" has a total of sixteen volumes, of which twelve volumes are widely distributed, and four volumes are specially used by craftsman colleges. It is not to limit knowledge, but the last four volumes are also available to craftsmen.

It took only ten days for the "Kunyu Gezhi" written by the craftsman headed by Chang Youde and the manuscript written by Li Binyan to be sent to the capital. shortened by five days.

And when Zhu Qiyu received this memorandum, he was not in the lecture hall, but in the ten calendar bureaus of Qin Tianjian.

Xu Dun, the supervisor of the Qintian Supervisor, never dared to disobey the holy orders after seeing that the previous supervisor of the Qintian Supervisor, Peng Deqing, had died on both sides.

The previous Qin Tianjian Zheng Peng Deqing, a member of Wang Zhen's party, often spread some strange rumors about divination. He was frightened to death in the sky prison of Beizhen Fusi, but His Majesty Zhu criticized the beheading and abandoned the market. The edict had already arrived at Jin Yiwei, and the loyal Jin Yiwei beheaded the dead Peng Deqing again.

After that, Xu Dun never said that there was a vision in the sky. Even when Zhu Qiyu went south to suppress the rebellion, a big star fell to the ground, and the meteor streaked across the sky, illuminating the entire capital. Xu Dun only dared to say it was an auspicious omen.

Xu Dun is a sensible person.

Xu Dun's approach made the courtiers quite dissatisfied. How could they fool His Majesty, let alone fooling His Majesty?

The ten calendar bureaus under the jurisdiction of the Qin Tianjian are opposite the Guozijian and the Gongyuan. There is a statue of Mo Di in the courtyard of the Qintianjian. The students of the Guozijian are extremely dissatisfied with the statue of Mo Di and have nothing to do.

But today, Zhu Qiyu came to Qin Tianjian, and he came to send the statue!

The first calendar bureau is the calendar bureau, with a total of five statues.

The first to be erected were Gan De of Qi State and Shi Shen of Wei State during the Warring States Period.

Shi Shen's "Astronomy" recorded the five planets of metal, wood, water, fire, and earth and recorded the satellites of Jupiter. Gander's "Astrology" recorded the movement and laws of the five planets of gold, wood, water, fire, and earth, and discovered the retrograde of fire, Mercury, and Venus. Inverse and other astronomical phenomena.

"Astronomy" and "Astrology" are collectively called "Gan and Shi Celestial Book", which is the first astronomical work in China and records the world's first star table.

The third statue of Liyuan is Zhang Heng, who invented the seismograph and Zhang Heng who invented various astronomical instruments. The statue in Liyuan deserves its name.

The fourth is like Zu Chongzhi. Zu Chongzhi calculated pi to the seventh decimal place for the first time in mathematics. But in terms of achievements, Zu Chongzhi is even an astronomer. It took more than 400 years for the Ming Dynasty to be abolished.

The fifth image is Guo Shoujing, who is an immortal figure from the Academy of Astronomy and Calendar. He experienced the heavens, latitudes and earth, astronomical instruments, observations of the four seas, and the "Shoushi Calendar" that was still in use until the seventh year of Jingtai. , the most dry is water control.

The second calendar bureau is the water calendar bureau, and the first is like Dayu, who is the most virtuous achievement in water control.

The second and third images are Sichuan Lord Li Bing and his son. Li Bing and his son's achievements in governing Dujiangyan are a highlight of the Central Plains Dynasty. The father and son are also Erlang gods appointed by Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty.

The fourth portrait is Li Daoyuan, forty volumes of annotations to the Water Classics, with only a few phrases and characters, which are wonderful in ancient and modern times. The fifth portrait is Pei Xiu, the author of "Yugong Regional Map" and the originator of the study of maps.

Zhu Qiyu cast a total of fifty statues for the top ten calendar bureaus, with the purpose of establishing a school.

Mo Zhai, the great son of the Mohist school, is undoubtedly a great talent, but he himself was frugal, and he did not set up a temple or sect after his death, which directly led to the three points of the Mohist school, and finally lost the confidence to confront the Confucianism.

Of course Zhu Qiyu respects Mo Di very much, but the reality is like this, if he refuses to set up a temple statue, he will be clean after death, and in the end his own ideas will also be clean after death.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a Confucian temple and a Wu temple. Zhu Qiyu set up a temple in the ten major calendar bureaus to offer sacrifices, with a total of 51 people, which is called the calendar temple.

Zhu Qiyu wandered back and forth in the courtyard of Qin Tianjian, found a place to rest, and read Li Binyan's entry draft for a long time.

In Zhu Qiyu's understanding, Li Binyan's study of things to gain knowledge, that is, the principle of poor things, is the word science of later generations.

"Bring a pen!" Zhu Qiyu arrived excitedly, and decided to use what Li Binyan wrote to give Qin Tianjian a word.

Investigating things to gain knowledge, that is, the eight characters of Wuqiongli, will be engraved on the bluestone and placed in front of the gate of the ten calendar bureaus, and everyone who enters and exits can see it.

Zhu Qiyu put down his pen and said: "Xu Jianzheng, I heard that you have a lot of good things here recently, present them for me to have a look, if they are well done, I will give them the name of auspiciousness, and there will be a generous reward."

Qin Tianjian Zheng Xu Dun hastily bowed his head and said: "Your Majesty, please take a look."

The astronomers held the objects covered with pieces of red cloth and stood around. Xu Dun uncovered the red cloth and continued to introduce: "This is a degree ruler, a ground ruler, and a square-minute-round ruler. , One centimeter to ten feet. And here are the rules, two feet, three feet, two screws turn closed and closed, single screw turned closed and appointed, make screw transformation, move far and draw close, use big to make small and small to make big , this is a double-wing drill, turning iron pliers and other things."

These are all tools, widely used in various surveying and mapping, and they are the most precise ruler drill pliers in Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Qiyu nodded with satisfaction. He has invested a lot in Qin Tianjian, endorsed the establishment of a temple in politics, and provided great material guarantee in financial affairs. The appearance of this set of tools made Zhu Qiyu quite excited. Surprisingly, the deal has already been earned.

Another group of astronomers came forward, and Xu Dun led His Majesty to turn back again and said: "Your Majesty, this is a slanted wheel, this is a flywheel, this is a row wheel, this is a star wheel, etc. There are [-] types in total. Your Majesty, please." Take a look."

This batch is all gears, all kinds of gears. Xu Dun didn't introduce too much, because the Emperor Zhu Qiyu of the Ming Dynasty is a master in this field. He has made mechanical clocks from casting spring steel to pulling spring bars himself. , naturally know the role of these things.

Zhu Qiyu looked at these eighteen kinds of gears, walked and stopped, looked and looked again, and knew that after reading No.18, he still had something to say: "Okay, very good!"

"Reward! Great reward!"

Xing'an flicked his whisk and shouted loudly: "Your Majesty has an order: Reward! Great reward!"

Zhu Qiyu didn't do those fake things, he did a good job, he was rewarded with real gold and silver, and soon five boxes of silver coins were carried to the courtyard of Qin Tianjian.

Qin Tianjian and the ten calendar bureaus, everyone rewards fifty silver coins.

Zhu Qiyu put his left hand on his waist, and made a gesture of reaching out with his right hand. Looking at Xu Dun, he asked curiously, "Is there anything else? Are there any other good things?"

Zhu Qiyu's eyes were full of longing, according to what Chen Xun said: the emperor must be unpredictable, he must not be eager and ambitious, and he will be used by people with ulterior motives.

Zhu Qiyu is not afraid of being used by others, as long as the things he tosses out are useful, he can cheat some funds, Zhu Qiyu is not short of money.

Xu Dun took a deep breath, and said as if he had made a lot of determination: "The "Da Tong Li" was set at the beginning of the country, and it was actually Guo Shoujing's "Shou Shi Calendar" in the Yuan Dynasty. There was no increase or loss in 87."

"Since the calendar was made in the 18th year of the Yuan Dynasty, the 18th year of the Yue Dynasty was August of the third year of Dade. It was already eaten but not eaten, and it was eaten again in June of the sixth year. Yu, how about a law-abiding person?"

"If we follow the old ways today, we will not be able to make the same mistakes in the future."

"Beilen, go to the almanac!"

Bei Lin was an astronomer who followed Li Binyan to watch the stars at the Star Observatory in Songjiang Prefecture. Li Binyan returned to Beijing to report on his work and brought Bei Lin back to the Qin Tianjian in the capital.

　Ask for a monthly pass, ┗|｀O′|┛哩~~! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
　　
　
(End of this chapter)