The bright moon and the empty courtyard are like water like a Chinese year

Chapter 125 How Horrible Cholera Was in the Republic of China

Sure enough, what the young master of the Tao family (Yun Jun) said, the second day after the young master of the Tao family (Yun Jun) left Shanghai, the mayor of Shanghai immediately held an emergency meeting, pointing out that there were news that different epidemics had occurred frequently in many places across the country. At present, various epidemics in many places have spread to Hong Kong and Guangzhou. We are worried that the epidemic will also appear in Shanghai. Therefore, all officials are required to pay close attention to the situation, and the people of Shanghai are also ordered to increase their awareness and measures for epidemic prevention and safety.

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Not long after the news was released, the Song family master (Yao Guang) found that the business of "Mingyueju" was gradually deserted. After asking about the situation, he learned that many tea customers pointed out that many newspapers exclusively reported that various epidemics in many places had already spread in Hong Kong. There was an outbreak in Guangzhou, and it was even said that some coolies fell ill at the wharf; in order to prevent various epidemics in many places, the Song family master (Yao Guang) ordered all the employees of "Mingyueju" to make the teahouse extremely hygienic, and finally replied The guest came like a cloud, and at the same time, took the whole family to the hospital for examination to prevent infection.

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On the other hand, after returning home in Hong Kong, the young master of the Tao family (Yun Jun) planned to tell his parents (Tao Zhiming, Wang Yunmei) that he wanted to marry the second miss of the Song family (Ruoxi) early the next morning.Unexpectedly, he felt unwell the next morning, so he was sent to the hospital by his parents (Tao Zhiming and Wang Yunmei) for treatment.It turned out that the young master of the Tao family (Yun Jun) was unfortunately infected with the plague. Fortunately, he was discovered in time, and the initial illness was not serious, and the treatment was timely.At the same time, the young master of the Tao family (played by Yun Jun) who was in the hospital found that many citizens in Hong Kong were infected with the plague like him.Because of this, his plan to marry the second miss of the Song family (Ruoxi), and because of his illness, he hadn't had time to tell his parents (Tao Zhiming, Wang Yunmei), so he was delayed.

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During the period of the Republic of China, there were 1916 types of legal infectious diseases in 8, namely cholera, dysentery, typhoid, smallpox, diphtheria, scarlet fever, plague, and typhus;
In 1928, it was designated as 9 types, that is, "epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis" was added;
As a city with a short history, Shanghai, the earliest written record of its epidemic is so far found in 1454 (the fifth year of Jingtai in Ming Dynasty).

There are only a few words in the history books: Xia, Shanghai County, and Huating County were plagued by major epidemics, and countless dead were lost.The subsequent epidemic records are separated by a full 100 years.

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Since 1554, Shanghai County has suffered from severe epidemics year after year. According to the "Shanghai County Chronicle", hundreds of horses and horses came in and out of Shanghai to carry coffins every day, so that the supply of coffins was in short supply. Many dead people had to wrap their bodies in reed mats. The dead piled up and couldn't be cleaned up for a while, and the horrific images continued until the next year.

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In 1588 (the 16th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), misfortunes never come singly in Shanghai. There was a severe drought and a severe epidemic. There were many deaths in Jiading, and the number of corpses piled up on the roadside caused traffic paralysis.

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Until 1821 (the first year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty), a "big epidemic" in Shanghai was finally recognized by people.This is what has been called "one of the most terrible plagues that ever devastated the earth - cholera".It is said that the cholera originated in northern Thailand, invaded Bangkok and Saigon along the railway line, and spread to other coastal cities in China including Shanghai.Relatively speaking, the impact of this epidemic on Shanghai is relatively minor.The most harmful one is cholera.

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In June 1862, a Japanese sailboat named "Chitose Maru" set sail from Nagasaki to Shanghai, carrying 6 shogunate officials and businessmen who were determined to open up a trade route with China.

However, some of them vomited and diarrhea before they saw the "Western" in their minds - the prosperity of Shanghai. This time it was not bacillary dysentery as they knew it, but cholera!

A servant of a medicine dealer died instantly.The next day, the cook on board also left.On the third day, Shuutaro, the younger brother of the translator, who was only 26 years old, died as a result.

With the mediation of the Dutch consul, three unlucky Japanese were buried under the pagoda of Lanidu in Shanghai amidst the rumbling gunfire of the Taiping Army.Fortunately, other people on the "Chitose Pill" did not encounter cholera bacteria again, so the investigation continued.However, Shanghai's bad luck did not stop there.

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In the second year, 1863, the cholera epidemic not only did not abate, but intensified.Not only the Chinese circles, but also the foreign settlements were shrouded in the plague. Many foreigners died, including a prominent figure among the foreigners—H. Tudor Davies, the chief tax officer of the Administration.

近代上海霍乱的又一次大流行是在1907年，有655人因此失去了生命。此后霍乱的流行史应验了这样一种常识：即每隔6至7年爆发一次。1912年、1919年、1926年……

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Cholera is an acute diarrheal infectious disease infected by Vibrio cholerae. If the patient is not treated in time, it will lead to dehydration and death.

Cholera was first discovered in China in 1820. It was discovered in South China and soon spread to the Yangtze River Basin.According to early literature records, there were cholera epidemics in Shanghai in 1821, 1826, 1840, and 1841, but there is no specific number of cases.The main reason is that cholera is not yet a legal infectious disease of the government, so there is no need to report it.After the concession was opened, foreigners began to emigrate in large numbers, but cholera did not let them go because of their sense of superiority. In 1846, there were two deaths of Westerners.

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In 1862, the first cholera epidemic in Shanghai's history, the number of people affected by Shanghai and Songjiang counties reached one-eighth of the total population, and thousands of people died of the disease.

In the second year, according to British statistics, cholera was still widespread among the Chinese people, and the death rate was extremely high. On July 7, 14 people died of the disease in one day.It's appalling!
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By 1874, according to the report of the Bureau of the Ministry of Industry, diarrhea was prevalent among foreigners in June and July, and one-third of the patients died of the disease.

In 1875, 18 foreigners suffered from cholera and 11 died. The fatality rate was extremely high.The cholera epidemic aroused the attention of the foreign concessions, and the subsequent statistics gradually became more accurate.

In 1877, there were a total of 2000 foreigners in China, 23 of them fell ill, and 16 died, and the Chinese fell ill even more. In 1878, 16 foreigners died of cholera, most of them were sailors.The cholera epidemic in Shanghai has a certain periodicity, with an interval of 2 to 7 years, with an average of 5 years.

The worst year for the cholera epidemic in Shanghai was 1926.The epidemic began in 1925 and lasted for three years. It gradually subsided in 1927. More than 5500 infected people were registered and treated, and nearly 600 people died of the disease.

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During the period of the Republic of China, cholera had many names.

Commonly used names by various doctors: colic intestinal Sha, Wu Sha bulge, flat snail Sha, hanging foot Sha, tiger plague, quarantine, ghost stealing meat, turning calf, etc.

Western medicine has a unified name for cholera, namely Tiger Liela, the transliteration of Cholera.

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This cholera spread to Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhu, Jiaxing, Ningbo and ports along the Yangtze River, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Xiamen, Shantou, Beijing, Tianjin, Tanggu, Dalian, Yingkou, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Suiyuan, Dongnan, Hunan , Sichuan, Guangxi and other places, according to the statistics at that time, there were more than 2000 million people affected by the epidemic, and the death toll was more than 40.

Chapter 120 Five (End)
Note: The ones with () are just to inform the readers of their respective identities.When reading, you can remove the name in () by yourself.

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