Hand rubbing nuclear fusion live in the wilderness

Chapter 166 Complex Chemistry

"One treasure, two treasures."

By the river, Han Yuan yelled at the two boys on the opposite bank, and the two boys who heard the voice raised their heads and looked this way, then put down the South American Zelu in their mouths and ran over excitedly.

"Woooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo."

It is estimated that they did not expect to meet the owner here. Seeing Han Yuan, Leopard One and Leopard Two were obviously excited.

After wading through the river, he stood up and threw himself on Han Yuan, throwing the water all over him.

Han Yuan smiled and rubbed the heads of the two children, and said, "Are you out hunting again? Isn't there food at home?"

Hearing the inquiry, Leopard responded with a whimper, then turned around and crossed the river to drag the killed South American marsh deer over.

This scene once again envied the audience in the live broadcast room.

[Is this a sika deer?But how come there are no spots on the body? 】

[I finally understand why the anchor adopted the first treasure and the second treasure. Now I don’t have to worry about it. It’s only been a few months, and the two treasures can hunt. 】

[What a poor sika deer, put more chili and less salt, the poor monk can't eat too salty. 】

[The last time I ate venison sashimi in Jinling, the taste was really good. 】

[This is to protect animals, right? (dog head)]

[Protecting animals doesn't matter, it wasn't the host who killed it, it was the little leopard who killed it, and the little leopard is also protecting animals. 】

Han Yuan went up to check the dead South American swamp deer.

Like the llama that the two boys caught yesterday, this is also a juvenile South American marsh deer.

But the body is not small anymore, about a hundred catties or so.

As some viewers said in the live broadcast room, the South American Zelu looks a lot like a sika deer.

The difference between the two is not huge.

Of course, that has to rule out that the sika deer has sika markings on its body.

In addition, both the body shape and appearance are almost the same, even the horns on the head are the same.

The cause of death for this South American marsh deer is simple.

Just like what I saw just now, Leopard II bit the neck and bit through the blood vessels and trachea, a fatal blow.

There is a water source nearby, so South Korean Yuan simply dissected and disposed of the South American swamp deer on the spot.

Half of it is given to two children for lunch.

The other half was dissected into clear and clean pieces, packed with deerskin and put into baskets for taking back.

After all, it is the prey of the two little ones, and the venison is also high-quality meat, which is much more delicious than pork and beef. Even if it is a little far away from the place of residence, it cannot be wasted.

After raising a bonfire and roasting some venison casually for lunch, Won continued to search for diaspore in the river.

Leopard [-] and Leopard [-] wanted to run away after they were full, but were stopped by Han Yuan.

The two little guys had no choice but to stay and search for diaspore together with Han Yuan, who rummaged in the middle and east of the river.

With two helpers, collection is much faster.

In particular, the two little guys are better at judging objects of different colors in the river than Korean won.

In less than an hour, Han Yuan and Liang Xiao found enough diaspore in the river.

These colorful and beautiful crystal-like ores were piled up in baskets, and were picked back to the residence by Han Yuan.

All that's left is to go find some phosphate rock.

Phosphate rock is actually a phosphorus-containing ore, which is generally produced in sedimentary rocks, and is also common in metamorphic rocks and igneous rocks.

If he wants to find some phosphorus quickly.

Going to the crater discovered before is definitely the best choice.

In fact, there are so many various minerals nearby, and the reason is precisely because of the existence of that volcano.

Because there is lava in the ground, there are all kinds of minerals.

But today is too late.

The crater is far away from the residence, and it is already four o'clock in the afternoon.

Starting at this time, let alone looking for phosphate rock, you can't even finish the road.

There is a little time left this afternoon, and the Korean won is going to prepare some materials needed to smelt aluminum through the laboratory.

After putting down the basket and pole, Han Yuan came to the chemistry laboratory.

Since the chemical laboratory was perfected, he transferred all the chemical materials currently in his hands to the laboratory.

The last two of the rectangular chemical laboratories are actually dedicated to storing various chemical materials.

There are various metal cabinets, wooden cabinets and glass cabinets, and various glass containers, wooden containers and metal containers.

Some containers are double-layered or multi-layered, and they are all built by him to store various things.

The Glauber's salt and concentrated sulfuric acid prepared before are stored in glass containers.

In addition, there are various raw materials collected in the past few months.

Such as crude salt ore, limestone, charcoal, fluorite, clay, slag and other natural materials.

There are also calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium sulfate, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and other chemical synthetic materials.

The preservation of these things cannot be messed with.

For example, quicklime and Glauber's salt cannot be damp, such as fluorspar is poisonous, such as nitric acid cannot be subjected to violent shocks (otherwise it will explode and you don't even know your mother).

These things are stored in different utensils according to different classification and preservation methods and are labeled accordingly.

Wearing a gas mask and gloves made of linen plastic, Won rummaged through the laboratory and took out some materials such as fluorite, sodium carbonate, and concentrated sulfuric acid.

These are the raw materials for making cryolite (Na3AlF6).

The extracted material was carried into another experiment, where the preparation of cryolite began.

While preparing the preparation tools, Han Yuan explained some information about the preparation of aluminum, and by the way introduced the preparation of cryolite.

"Compared to metals such as iron and copper, the content of aluminum on the earth is actually higher."

"It accounts for more than [-]% of the total crust, which is almost twice the iron content."

"However, humans actually applied aluminum to society thousands of years later than iron."

"Humans have been using copper and iron since ancient times, but it was not until the middle of the nineteenth century that aluminum entered human society."

"This is because aluminum is very reactive."

"To what extent is aluminum active? It can be said that it not only oxidizes aluminum immediately in dry air, but can even dissolve in hot water."

"Such a lively nature leads to the fact that aluminum does not exist purely in nature, and it is very difficult to extract."

"In the [-]th century, Napoleon III specially asked craftsmen to make an aluminum helmet and a set of aluminum tableware to show their dignity and luxury. It can be seen that aluminum was expensive and difficult to manufacture at that time."

"That's why I discovered diaspore a long time ago but didn't collect it for smelting."

"Because the extraction of aluminum not only requires electricity, but also another material called 'cryolite' as a co-solvent."

"Because of this, I never thought about smelting aluminum before the generator and chemical laboratory were perfected."

After a pause, Han Yuan added another sentence.

"While aluminum can be used in a wide range of applications, the material properties are also excellent."

For his words, more than half of the audience in the live broadcast room this time understood.

After all, this is common sense, and aluminum is indeed widely used in life.

A large amount of aluminum is contained in various high-tech equipment such as cans, doors, and windows that are common in daily life, as well as mobile phones and radars.

[Aluminum is a good thing, the wire is made of aluminum. 】

[Amphoteric oxide. 】

【Damn it, after listening to the heavenly scriptures for so long, I finally understand a little bit. 】

[My grandma used to have the kind of one that adjusted the stove to make aluminum pots, and it cost 20 yuan each? 】

[Remember one thing, I seem to have learned it in high school?Aluminum needs electrolysis to produce it. 】

[Three daughters, four boudoirs and five married daughters, the aluminum triangle equation is a compulsory knowledge point in high school. 】

[The upstairs reveals its age, and the aluminum triangle is no longer tested. 】

[Aluminium: A schizophrenic double-sided metal, a scumbag metal, it can react with acid, alkali, and even water. 】

[Two days ago, our school conducted an experiment to polish the oxide film on the aluminum surface with corundum sandpaper. 】

Looking at the lively barrage, Han Yuan smiled lightly and shook his head.

Compared with some complicated things mentioned before or even things that do not exist on the earth, the preparation of aluminum is indeed much simpler.

Especially under the nine-year compulsory education, aluminum is also a compulsory knowledge point.

So many viewers who have heard this will continue to express their opinions.

Smiling, Han Yuan continued to assemble the containers in his hand.

The cryolite compound equipment spliced ​​by containers and materials such as metal pipes, metal containers, glass containers, glass tubes, plastic bottles and plastic tubes has been assembled.

The reason why so many different materials and equipment are needed is entirely because hydrofluoric acid is produced during the preparation of cryolite.

The main component of glass is silicon dioxide, a material with very stable properties, which basically does not react with most substances.

That's why labs love glass containers.

But since most of them don't respond, there will always be a small part that will respond.

Hydrofluoric acid is a substance that can react with glass.

In fact, the common patterned glass is etched by hydrofluoric acid.

After a while, Han Yuan finally assembled all the containers.

After the container was assembled, Han Yuan was not in a hurry to synthesize cryolite, but went outside to pick a piece of diaspore with high purity, smashed it into pieces and ground it into powder.

Most of the audience in the studio watched his actions curiously, asking what he was doing.

The ground powder was put into a glass container, and Won explained while adding diluted sulfuric acid into it:

"Cryolite is also called aluminum fluoride, and its main component is sodium hexafluoroaluminate (Na3AlF6)."

"Everyone knows it's a complicated thing just by the name."

"Except for some rare natural cryolite ores, industrial cryolite is generally prepared with materials such as hydrogen fluoride and aluminum hydroxide."

"What I am preparing now is aluminum hydroxide, one of the raw materials for preparing cryolite."

Wait until the sulfuric acid has covered the aluminum ore powder, stop adding Won, wait for the solution inside to be stirred with a glass rod, and wait for the sulfuric acid and alumina to completely react.

Taking advantage of this time, he took out a piece of paper and a charcoal pencil from the metal drawer on the side, and wrote a chemical equation on it.

“2Al(OH)3+ 12HF+ 3Na2CO3+高温=2Na3AlF6+ 3CO2↑+ 9H2O。”

After finishing writing, Han Yuan handed it to the camera and showed it: "Everyone, look at this."

"This is the chemical equation for preparing cryolite from aluminum hydroxide + hydrogen fluoride + sodium carbonate."

"It is actually very simple to prepare cryolite industrially, but I can't do it. I need to prepare aluminum hydroxide first."

"Then prepare hydrogen fluoride, prepare sodium carbonate, and finally prepare cryolite."

"And I am now preparing aluminum hydroxide from sulfuric acid and aluminum oxide."

"Although it is very troublesome, there is no way, because I only have one person, and all the things and raw materials need to be handled by me little by little."

"Actually, it's pretty good that I've made it this far. I should be lucky that there is a volcano near me."

"This ridge volcano has brought me different minerals through tens of millions of years of evolution and eruption."

"That's why there are copper, iron, aluminum, chromium and other metal or non-metal mines around me."

"Without this ridge of volcanoes and lava, it would have been the end of my time in the Iron Age, let alone my current electrical age."

Hearing this, the audience in front of the screen also became emotional.

It is indeed extremely difficult for a person to develop civilization and technology. They all see the progress of the Korean won.

Even though there are all kinds of minerals around, you still need to master these knowledge. If you don’t understand the principles and minerals, you won’t be able to recognize gold even if you are stepping on it.

Not to mention that you still have to extract these minerals, just imagining is an extremely difficult thing.

In the glass container, the sulfuric acid is still reacting with the aluminum ore.

Even explaining the process, Won has been watching the changes in the container.

Under the heating of the alcohol lamp, bubbles continuously appeared in the solution, and white flocculent precipitates were also continuously formed.

These white flocs are aluminum hydroxide.

However, because diaspore contains not only alumina, but also a large number of other impurities, the Korean won must also purify these aluminum hydroxides.

After waiting for the reaction in the container to be complete, Han Yuan filtered all the solution in the glass, leaving only various debris impurities and aluminum hydroxide flocs.

Clear it with clean distilled water, then refill the cup and add sodium hydroxide to it.

The white flocculent aluminum hydroxide visible to the naked eye quickly dissolves in the sodium hydroxide solution.

The rest of the other impurities are all left at the bottom of the cup.

After filtering and cleaning again, what is left is a solution containing sodium metaaluminate, and then carbon dioxide is introduced into it, and the aluminum hydroxide will be reduced again.

The sodium bicarbonate solution is then filtered off, leaving pure aluminum hydroxide, which can be used to make cryolite.

The Korean won was tossing and turning, and many viewers in the live broadcast room were dazzled.

【so troublesome. 】

[The easiest way to prepare aluminum hydroxide is to heat pure aluminum with hot water (dog head)]

[First you have to have pure aluminum! 】

[This thing looks like catkins. 】

[Aluminum hydroxide is stomach medicine, which is the main ingredient in the stomach medicine I often take. 】

[This is still only a part of the raw materials of cryolite, and hydrofluoric acid also needs to be prepared, chemistry is really troublesome. 】

[Chemistry is a big pit. 】

(End of this chapter)