Hand rubbing nuclear fusion live in the wilderness

Chapter 455 The key material to solve the turbulent flow of fusion plasma
Not only experts from various countries are interested in what Korean won is, but even ordinary audiences are quite curious.

The knowledge and information related to solving the turbulence problem in controllable nuclear fusion, if it is in normal times, everyone will just take a look at it and watch the excitement.

However, in this live broadcast room, with models and pictures combined with popular explanations, a large part of the audience understood why it is so difficult to control plasma turbulence.

To put it simply, the plasma turbulence in controlled nuclear fusion is a flooded river, and this river flows wantonly in the core of the reactor, which is not easy to control.

To this end, scientists have built a series of projects such as flood embankments and dams (magnetic mirrors, stellarators, and tokamaks) to prevent the river from rushing out.

It's just that the effects of these projects are not ideal.

In addition to the fact that the river itself is not easy to control, there is still heavy rain in the sky.

These torrential rains are the nuclei of ongoing nuclear fusion reactions.

They will directly or indirectly cause impacts on flood control dikes and dams, thereby damaging the dams and causing leakage.

Although it is not very appropriate to use this method to describe the reaction of a controllable nuclear fusion center, it is easier to understand.

Now the river water is under control, but the torrential rain in the sky is not under control, and cannot be under control.

Moreover, these torrential rains (atomic fusion) are the energy source of the entire fusion reactor, which cannot be eliminated or controlled.

Conversely, if the energy output of a controllable fusion reactor needs to be increased, then the amount of rainstorms must also be increased.

This puts considerable pressure on protection works such as dams and flood embankments.

So how to solve this problem is the key to the controllable nuclear fusion reaction.

For the audience in the live broadcast room, this is the first time for them to have such a close-up understanding of the advanced technology of controllable nuclear fusion. The nature of human beings to join in the fun allows them to speak freely and express their opinions in the live broadcast room.

[Plasma turbulence is difficult enough, and now there are energy explosions in the turbulence, which is even more difficult to control. No wonder the controllable nuclear fusion technology is called forever 50 years. 】

[Tsk tsk, this is just a problem of turbulence. Controllable nuclear fusion is more than just a problem. 】

[What equations can be used to solve the turbulence problem, and how to solve the energy interference problem? 】

[Is it feasible to strengthen the control device? 】

[The fusion reaction is produced immediately, right?How to control this?It's better to strengthen the protection. 】

[By reducing the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field and achieving an axisymmetric magnetic field as much as possible, this should improve the particle confinement, and then control the fusion particles in the area of ​​the first wall of the principle. This may be a feasible path. 】

[Fuck, what are you talking about?Why can't I understand it all of a sudden? 】

[Ma Dan, it’s fine if you can’t understand the live broadcast, but I can’t understand the bullet screen either, really 985 per capita? 】

[985 is probably the most rubbish in this live broadcast room, and the bosses of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are probably there. 】

[Tokamak, ring magnetic field, stellarator, Z-pinch, magnetic mirror, and magnetic confinement are so many methods, there is always one that can solve this problem. 】

[Don't make trouble, things like tokamak and stellarator are outdated by human research. They can't break through the problem of plasma turbulence, so how can they solve the problem of energy interference. 】

Looking at the barrage, Han Yuan smiled gratifiedly.

He has been trying to attract the interest of the audience in the live broadcast room by explaining the principles of science and technology, and now it seems that it has some effect.

If it was before, the bullet screens of these sand sculpture netizens would be all kinds of teasing or asking and urging, but now they start to think independently.

"The problem of energy interference in the turbulent flow of fusion ions is indeed a difficult problem for the first wall."

"First of all, it is no longer suitable for the Navier-Stokes equation, because the fusion of atomic nuclei is random, and it is a pseudo-chaotic system."

"To solve this problem, we need to start from two aspects."

After a pause, Han Yuan seduced the curiosity of the audience in the live broadcast room, and continued until the screen was full of urging bullet screens:
"To solve the problem of energy interference caused by fusion reactions, we can start from two aspects."

"The first is to enhance the external magnetic field control system."

"By enhancing the magnetic field control system, the control of the particle beam inside the reactor can be enhanced, so that even if there is energy interference, the trajectory of the disturbed ion body can be maintained to a certain extent."

"This is the first point, and the key point of the enhanced magnetic field control system lies in the superconducting material."

"As for the second point, it is to enhance the resistance of the first wall material."

"It's also necessary."

"After reading the dynamic diagram just now, everyone should know that the source of energy interference is the fusion of two atomic nuclei, so a large amount of energy is generated."

"In addition to energy, when two atomic nuclei fuse, there are also new atomic nuclei and neutrons."

"Neutrons are the most damaging substances to the first wall in controlled nuclear fusion, as we all know."

"To solve this problem, we need to start with the material of the first wall."

After a pause, Han Yuan looked at the camera with a smile and asked:
"What materials are used? In fact, I broadcast live a long time ago. I don't know if you have any impression?"

【Hey, I know this, it’s the isotope of nickel, what about nickel, I can’t type that letter——】

[Gamma nickel is an allotrope of nickel, not an isotope. 】

【γ Nickel! 】

[Demon Nickel. 】

[Nickel animal!It's not easy to catch! 】

[Demon Nickel!I want you to help me practice! 】

[Bold and demonic, I can see at a glance that you are not a good material, Dawei Tianlong! 】

[Hahahahaha, no way. 】

[I found the previous video explaining gamma nickel, at the end of the second year of the last live broadcast, the 2178th video in the total record. 】

['Gamma Nickel' is super resistant to neutron irradiation, and is one of the core materials of the first wall material in a controllable nuclear fusion reactor. It is used to resist neutron irradiation and maintain the stability of the first wall . 】

Hearing Won's question, the audience quickly tapped Gamma Nickel on the public screen, and some viewers directly flipped out his previous videos.

Everyone is very impressed with this material that can be applied to controllable nuclear fusion.

As for the countries squatting in the live broadcast room, let alone.

Not to mention the gamma nickel that can be used for controllable nuclear fusion, any technology shown in the live broadcast room has been researched.

Looking at the gamma nickel on the screen, Han Yuan smiled and said, "That's right, one of the stable materials used for the first wall material in a controllable nuclear fusion reactor is gamma nickel."

"This was broadcast live before."

"However." Han Yuan changed the subject and continued:
"In addition to gamma nickel, there is another material that can also be used for controllable nuclear fusion in the previous live broadcast. Guess what it is."

"As a reminder, the live broadcast of this material is quite early."

Hearing this, the audience in the live broadcast room suddenly started to speculate.

[There is another kind? 】

[What the hell. 】

[In addition to demon nickel, there is another kind, let me think about it!Is it that sensitive magnetic wire?I remember this thing has something to do with the magnetic field, and the live broadcast of the magnetic sensitive line was quite early. 】

[It is β-sensitive magnetic wire. I remember that magnetic sensitive wire has excellent electrical and signal transmission performance, and β-sensitive magnetic wire is its variant, which has super electric energy-magnetic energy conversion characteristics. It can be used in After being wound into a specific coil, the current is converted into a super strong magnetic field. 】

[No, the live broadcast of the β-sensitive magnetic line is not too early. 】

[Tetrayttrium barium copper oxide high temperature superconductor material!The cliff is this!The anchor just said that one of the solutions to the turbulence problem is superconductivity, and the other is the first wall material, so superconducting materials cannot escape. 】

[This thing seems to be used for electric propulsion. 】

[High-temperature superconductivity, I remember the anchor said that "tetrayttrium lead oxide copper high-temperature superconductor" can achieve superconductivity when it exceeds three hundred degrees. 】

[Three Baidu?It's three hundred degrees Kelvin. 】

Looking at the barrage, Han Yuan smiled: "That's right, it is the tetrayttrium lead oxide copper high-temperature superconducting material used in electric propulsion-free fluid engines."

I have to say that some netizens in the live broadcast room have really good memory and analysis skills.

Two materials have been reasonably speculated to solve the turbulent flow problem of fusion plasmas.

Although the former is indeed what he said clearly, but the latter has never been used since the completion of the electric propulsion-free fluid engine.

"Tetrayttrium barium copper oxide high temperature superconductor material."

This superconducting material is indeed used in the controllable nuclear fusion magnetic field controller.

High-temperature superconductivity is the basis of controllable nuclear fusion. If this basis cannot be completed, don't expect to be able to produce controllable nuclear fusion.

The so-called superconductivity means that when the temperature of certain materials is low enough, the resistance will drop to zero, and the current consumption will be zero, accompanied by the appearance of the Meissner effect. At this time, this material can be called a superconductor.

However, the high-temperature superconducting material used in the controllable nuclear fusion magnetic field controller is not a concept at all with the high-temperature superconductivity defined by humans.

In the current human definition, high-temperature superconducting materials refer to materials that are superconducting above the liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K).

77K refers to 77 degrees Kelvin, if converted into degrees Celsius, it is minus -196.15 degrees.

That is, as long as the material can achieve superconductivity in an environment higher than -196.15 degrees, it is called a high-temperature superconducting material, not the high temperature of hundreds or thousands as most people think.

However, the practical application of such high-temperature superconducting materials is quite narrow, and even if they can superconduct, they cannot be popularized.

After all, who can prepare an environment of nearly two hundred degrees below zero for these materials.

As for tetrayttrium barium copper oxide high temperature superconductor material.

Its lowest superconducting temperature is 360 degrees Kelvin.

If converted into degrees Celsius, it is 86.

That is to say, as long as the temperature is below 86 degrees, the tetrayttrium barium copper oxide material can realize superconductivity.

And this critical temperature already has a fairly high application range.

It’s just that the synthesis of this material is difficult. Both metals, yttrium and barium, are rare metals, which are difficult to refine and have a small stock. Therefore, after the emergence of tetrayttrium barium copper oxide high-temperature superconducting materials, they have not been widely used in power transmission. superior.

In addition, the softness of this material is relatively high. If it is purely used as a power transmission line, a wire post must be inserted almost every ten meters.

And sandwich steel or other materials will destroy its superconducting properties, resulting in power transmission loss.

So using this material as a wire is not worthwhile or feasible.

Of course, this does not mean that this material has no value.

On the contrary, the value of tetrayttrium barium copper oxide high temperature superconducting material is very large.

The superconductivity of this material can be used to make magnets, which can be used in various fields such as motors, high-energy particle accelerators, maglev transportation, controlled thermonuclear reactions, and energy storage.

Using the 'Josephson effect' of this material can produce a series of precision measuring instruments and radiation detectors, microwave generators, logic components and so on.

For example, apply it to a computer.

Some logic components and gate components are made of tetrayttrium barium copper oxide, which can further improve the computing speed of the computer.

Although South Korea has not used this material to manufacture supercomputers, almost all countries that have researched tetrayttrium barium copper oxide high-temperature superconducting materials have used it to manufacture supercomputer components.

If the performance index of the original silicon-based chip integrated computer is 100, then the performance index of the central calculation of the carbon-based chip made by Korean Won is 1000, and the tetrayttrium barium copper oxide high-temperature superconducting material is used as logic elements, controllers, The performance index of carbon-based chip supercomputing of memory can rise to about 1500.

This index of performance improvement can be described as quite terrifying.

After confirming the answers of the netizens, Han Yuan continued: "Research on controllable nuclear fusion does not necessarily have to take the road of superconducting materials, but starting from the road of superconducting materials is the easiest."

"Tetrayttrium lead oxide copper high-temperature superconducting material is one of the core materials used to manufacture high-magnetic field controllers."

"To put it simply, to solve the problem of energy interference generated by fusion reactions, on the one hand, use superconducting materials to enhance the strength of the magnetic field controller, and on the other hand, improve the material of the first wall."

"The two cooperate with each other to solve the problem."

While explaining, Han Yuan manipulated the special keyboard and flipped through the materials related to the problem of ion turbulence, showing it in detail as much as possible.

There is not only one country that can learn some of this technology from the live broadcast room. The more detailed the display, the faster countries can master the controllable nuclear fusion technology, and correspondingly, the faster the oil-meter system will collapse, and the whole world will The pattern will change completely.

Secondly, for Huaguo, when the chip problem has been solved, now as long as the energy problem is solved, it will take off directly.

With the energy and chip issues resolved, it can be said that no one can stop her rise.

Even if other countries have also mastered these technologies, it is useless.

At the same level, South Korea believes that no country in the whole world is the opponent of Hua Guo.

(End of this chapter)