My system is not decent

Chapter 1703 Warring States Bronze Mirror

From the excavation and restoration of the "Bronze Wheel Teeth Carriage", we can see the luxurious life of the high-ranking nobles of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

When they use this car, people should be standing on the car.

Judging from the thickness of the bronze teeth, it should not be a car that is often used for long distances.

The identity of the user should at least belong to the rank of prince.

Modern archaeological discoveries show that the physical vehicles that have been excavated in my country before belong to the late Shang Dynasty, and the Yinxu site in Anyang, Nanhe is the most discovered.

The car of the Shang Dynasty was a single shaft car.Cars in the pre-Qin period are often exquisitely decorated, usually coated with a layer of lacquer and painted with patterns, and some are inlaid with clam pieces, copper pieces and other decorations, and bronze components are installed in special parts.

These components are either designed for practicality or for their beauty, and patterns are often cast on them.

The large-scale wars in the pre-Qin period were mostly chariot battles, and the main force of the army was chariot soldiers.

At that time, the production of cars was very complicated and elegant, and it was undoubtedly a precious thing, which could not be owned by most people.

In the Shang Dynasty, only large and medium-sized tombs could be buried with chariots and horses. These tombs include Shang kings, Fang Guojun and other high-level middle-class nobles.

This shows that the owners of cars at that time were limited to the noble class above the middle class.

In the Zhou Dynasty, especially in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, in addition to large and medium-sized tombs with chariots and horses, some slightly larger small tombs were also buried with chariots or chariots and horses. class nobles.

The carriages used by high-level nobles in the Western Zhou Dynasty generally chose horses with the same coat color to show the identity and status of the owner.

In this bronze toothed carriage, the height of the horse is at least 1.4 meters to 1.5 meters.

People in the Zhou Dynasty paid great attention to the uniform color of horses, and this pursuit lasted until the Han Dynasty.

For example, when the Han Dynasty was first established, Liu Bang once sighed and said: The emperor cannot have Junsi (4 horses with the same coat color).

That is to say, the emperor's carriage cannot be equipped with four horses of the same color, and the princes and generals may not even be able to ride in a carriage, so they can only use an ox cart.

This shows that the emperor is pursuing "Junsi", that is, the horses that pull the cart must have the same coat color.

This bronze carriage should be regarded as the "No. [-] luxury car" in the Western Zhou Dynasty, right?
But who is his master?I don't know for a while.

However, judging from the decoration and specifications of the vehicle, it must be the vehicle of a high-ranking aristocrat in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Continue to look down the album, the second photo is another site, which is a pottery site.

This site is obviously very large, because from the photos, you can actually see the inside of a broken ancient city wall.

Along the city in a northwest-southeast direction, the site is divided into three areas from west to east: living area, workshop area and firing area. The scale is huge, covering an area of ​​tens of thousands of square meters.

Judging from the excavation, it is likely to be an official pottery site.

Because the finished product area and the waste area are also found nearby.

This large-scale pottery site is at least 2000 years old.

Perhaps due to its remote location, the entire site is well preserved.

In the firing area, three large kilns are buried deep underground, the deepest of which is more than 3 meters.

"This ancient city has disappeared now. Some people robbed and destroyed it during the war. Now the ancient city wall is completely invisible."

The signboard behind is an ancient city wall.

The walls of this ancient city are all made of rammed earth.

Judging from some well-preserved city walls, the height is generally about 10 meters, the highest can reach 16 meters, the base width of the city wall is 40-60 meters, and the top width is 2.5 meters.

If such a city wall is preserved to this day, it will be a miracle, right?

Especially on the outside of one city wall, there are several horse-faced buildings, which should be the earliest new type of city wall defense facilities in my country.

It's a pity that such a magnificent ancient building has not been preserved until now.

Of course, these are actually not important, the most important thing is the bronze with inscriptions.

And even if there is no inscription, as long as the bronze ware survives, it is invaluable.

Chen Wenzhe looked at the lobby of this bungalow, the ancestor of the stall owner back then really made a lot of noise.

They must have discovered a group of ancient tombs, otherwise it would be absolutely impossible to collect so many bronzes.

Flipping through the photos, Chen Wenzhe found that they were lucky enough to find a pit for storing bronze wares.

The luckiest thing is that three batches of bronze wares have been found successively, all of which are located in the DC area of ​​the ancient city.

There are quite a lot of bronzes in these cellars. In the first place, many bronze ritual instrument pits and martyrdom pits were found, and more than 60 bronze ritual musical instruments were unearthed.

The second batch was located in the south-central part of the east city of the ancient city. A total of 6 bronze ritual instrument pits and 56 horse martyrdom pits were excavated, and 57 bronze ritual musical instruments were unearthed.

The third batch was located in the southwest of the east city of the ancient city, where 10 bronze ceremonial instrument pits and more than 20 pits for martyrdom were discovered.

255 pieces of heavy bronze vessels from the Western Zhou Dynasty were unearthed, including 4 bronze sacrificial vessel pits, and 111 pieces of tripods, gui, li, Jian, pots, beans, etc. were unearthed;
青铜乐器坑6座，出土编钟18套144件，与之伴出的还有悬挂编钟的木架（笋虡）6套和吹奏乐器陶埙4件。

With so many bronze wares, Chen Wenzhe was really afraid that he would not be able to afford them, mainly because there were too many bronze wares in sets.

Here, tripods, gui, pots, and beans are all common utensils.

Chen Wenzhe has seen the fewest mirrors, there are quite a few!

However, these bronze mirrors do not look like those of the Western Zhou Dynasty, but have the style of Warring States bronze mirrors.

If it is really a bronze mirror from the Warring States period, then it means that they really dug a large area of ​​ancient tombs of princes.

Moreover, it is an ancient princely tomb group with orderly inheritance, perhaps from a big family.

Finding a bronze mirror with a clear picture, Chen Wenzhe examined it carefully.

Jian, a water container, was popular in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

At the beginning of Jianjian, it was made of pottery, that is, pottery pots. Bronze Jianjian appeared in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, and was most popular in the late Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods. It was still cast in the Western Han Dynasty.

This is a bronze mirror from the Warring States period. This bronze mirror has a straight mouth, a flat folded edge, a bulging belly, and a flat bottom.

There are two thick ring-shaped ears under the edge of the mouth, and the ears are decorated with wide animal faces, and three short and thick animal-faced feet.

The edge of the mouth is decorated with cloud and thunder patterns; the lower abdomen is decorated with a circle of silk patterns, and the bottom is decorated with a circle of cicada tail patterns.

This set of four bronze mirrors of the Warring States Period, the copper mirrors have regular casting technology, fine decoration, and advanced casting technology, representing the highest level of ancient casting technology.

The main reason is that this thing should also be a luxury in the tombs of ancient princes.

This is mainly due to the role of bronze mirrors, which generally have three functions.

One is to hold water as a mirror. The so-called "taking people as a mirror" and "taking history as a mirror" are the extension of its functional role.

The second is ice storage. "Zhou Li·Tianguan·Lingren" contains: "Spring begins to rule the mirror", and the note explains: "Use ice to store food in it to keep warm air."

It can be seen that the function of the refrigerator is the same as that of the later refrigerators. The most famous one is the Bing Jian of Marquis Yi of Zeng, and the Bronze Jian of Fucha, King of Wu, and so on.

Three is for bathing and bathing.

(End of this chapter)