My system is not decent

Chapter 1761 Golden Bowl and Silver Plate
There is a chrysanthemum gold bowl in the Southern Song Dynasty gold and silver wares in Pengzhou.

The overall shape of this golden bowl is still in the style of chrysanthemums, with 32 curves in the body and [-] curves in the ring foot.

In addition to the gold bowl, there is also a gold plate, and the main function of the plate is to support, which can be divided into a food support plate, a wine cup plate, and a bottle plate for wine.

There are many plates unearthed from the Song Dynasty gold and silver wares in Pengzhou, including gold and silver wares.

such as silverware
Plain disc, lion pattern disc, three-legged disc

Six-curve Kuikou disc, ten-curve arc disc, multi-curve disc, flower mouth disc
and many more.

In addition, there are drinking vessels, mainly cups, injection bowls, and plum vases.

What is mentioned here mainly refers to the utensils used when drinking wine and tea.

The two have similar utensils in the process of use, such as cups and pots, and also have special props, such as Quzhe for drinking wine and bamboo hat cups for drinking tea.

People in the Song Dynasty liked to drink wine and tea, so naturally they used various kinds of cups.

Generally speaking, a cup is a shallow cup.

The lamps in the Song Dynasty mainly include three different combinations of table lamps, plate lamps and scattered lamps.

These three types of forms also include flower-shaped cups, peach-shaped cups, melon-shaped cups, and bamboo hat cups.

Although the bowl-like utensils are not the most archaeologically discovered type of gold and silver drinking utensils in the Song Dynasty, they have various forms and rich shapes and decorations.

This makes it the most valued type of vessel in previous studies.

There are also many lamps unearthed from the Song Dynasty gold and silverware cellars in Pengzhou, like silverware

Sunflower-shaped cups, diamond-shaped cups, lotus-shaped cups

, five curved cups, melon-shaped cups
and so on.

In fact, from the unearthed artifacts in the previous cellars, it can be seen that the main purpose of the gold and silver objects in the cellars of the Song Dynasty was generally either drinking or drinking tea.

Before, it didn’t matter whether it was a bowl, a plum bottle or something, it was either a wine container, a tea set, or a container for eating.

Now that there are bowls, plates, etc., the Zhuzi and Wenwan
Notes are also essential.

This thing is actually a "holding pot". According to Li Kuangyi's "Zi Xia Ji" "Zi Zi Pian Mention": "In the Yuan and early days, drinking wine was still served with a bottle and wooden spoon...Ju Wuhe, a little use of Zhu Zi, its shape Ruoying has a lid, a mouth, and a handle."

Zhuzi is usually used together with the warming bowl, collectively called "zhuwan", which was a very popular wine pourer in the Song Dynasty.

Together with Taizhan, Quanzhan, and Fruit and Vegetable Dish, it constitutes the basic combination of wine vessels in the Song Dynasty.

According to the difference in the shape of the main body, we divide the styles of Zhuzi and warming bowls into four categories: bottle-style Zhuzi, folded-shoulder bowls, slip-shoulder bowls, and melon-edge Xiangsheng Zhuzi.

The holding pot (silverware) unearthed from the gold and silverware cellars of the Song Dynasty in Pengzhou
Lotus-covered folded-shoulder silver ewer, double-layered lotus-covered folded-shoulder silver ewer
Elephant Button Sliding Shoulder Silver Ewer, Phoenix Bird Pattern Silver Ewer

Wait, they are all exquisite gold and silverware.

These are all used for drinking, and the most famous wine storage device is the plum bottle.

Plum vase is also known as Jingping vase and wine container. Its shape is characterized by a small mouth, short neck, full shoulders, gradually converging below the shoulders, and round feet.

Xu Zhiheng’s description of plum vases in "Yin Liu Zhai Shuo Porcelain" is: plum vases have a thin mouth, short neck, extremely broad shoulders, a little narrow to the neck, and slightly plump feet, and the small diameter is only as thin as plum blossoms. It is commensurate, so it is called plum vase.

Lu Pengliang believed in the textual research on the name of the plum bottle that the plum bottle with a cover in the Song Dynasty was undoubtedly used as a wine storage vessel;

And another kind of plum bottle without a cover, in addition to storing wine, it can also be used as a vase for plum blossoms.

There is no clear boundary between the two functions.

There must be many plum vases unearthed from the gold and silver cellars of the Song Dynasty in Pengzhou, including silver vases with plain faces, plum vases with Ruyi cloud head patterns, and bird pattern plum vases.

And this is a wine storage device, so drinking is naturally inevitable.

In archaeological naming, the shape and form of "cup" is relatively vague.

In some archaeological excavation reports, utensils such as cups and bowls are called cups.

In previous studies, especially the definition of cups and cups, there are also various and not strict.

But for the convenience of research, many professionals will now have utensils with obvious ear handles, and a caliber less than 10 cm, and compared with a cup.

The vessel with a deeper belly and a straighter wall is called a cup.

Therefore, the styles of gold and silver cups in the Song Dynasty can be divided into three categories: round-mouth ring-foot cups, single-ear cups with handles, and double-ear cups with handles.

Cup (silverware) unearthed from the Song Dynasty gold and silverware cellar in Pengzhou

Plain noodle cup with shallow belly, plain noodle cup with deep belly, lotus leaf tortoise cup,

Octagonal cups with ribbon pattern, cups with lotus patterns, and interlayer cups with dragon patterns.

Through the excavation of several cellars, it can be seen that almost all the gold and silver wares sent to you are practical ones.

There are wine utensils for drinking and tea utensils for drinking tea, so there will naturally be no shortage of daily necessities.

The most commonly used daily necessities are washers, such as spit pots and basins.

A spit pot, also known as a spittoon or a scum bucket, is used to hold food waste such as fish bones and meat residues on the dining table.

When it evolved into drinking tea in the Song Dynasty, it became a utensil for holding tea dregs.

Basin is a practical device mainly used for holding or washing, which is very common in daily life.

However, not many have been unearthed in the tombs or cellars of the Song Dynasty.

Ten silver basins were unearthed from the cellars of the Song Dynasty in Pengzhou.
In addition, smokers, long-necked bottles and other utensils were also found among the unearthed gold and silver utensils.

They were once used to serve rice and soup, and warm wine to entertain guests. They have been cared for by the owner and witnessed the lively daily life of the big families in Pengzhou in the Song Dynasty.

The wheels of history rolled over, breaking the originally peaceful life.

Fortunately, this exquisite cellar has been preserved, lying there quietly, waiting for us to visit.

From the perspective of the evolution of the Chinese dynasties, the historical origin of our use of gold and silver utensils can be counted from the Warring States period.

After experiencing the fresh and lively Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the magnificent Qin and Han Dynasties, and the majestic and magnificent Tang Dynasty, these gold and silver wares that settled in Pengzhou show the unique, fresh and elegant style of the Song Dynasty.

After the wars of the Ten Kingdoms in the late Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the adjustment of the territory of China, the road to the Western Regions was gradually blocked in the Song Dynasty.

For gold and silver wares, the influence of Western Region culture is decreasing day by day.

In the gold and silver wares of the Song Dynasty, the traditional Central Plains Han culture gradually returned and re-established.

If we say that the utensils of the Tang Dynasty are inclusive of all rivers and rivers, they are publicized and full of bold and unconstrained exotic colors.

Then the Song Dynasty was more light and graceful, with the style of literati.

French art historian Danner once analyzed the post-war Rubens school of painting in the seventeenth century and wrote:
"Seeing peace after such a disaster is not the same as entering heaven... All daily life has meaning and interest;

Man is alive again, as if he is living in the world for the first time. All spontaneous literature and unique art are produced under such circumstances... Man sees his own essence, potential instinct, and becomes a nation The dominant force that marks and will dominate his history in the future. "

(End of this chapter)