My system is not decent

Chapter 1947
The world is unpredictable, and now Chen Wenzhe has become a real local tyrant. No matter who sends him an antique, as long as it has collection value, he can buy it at a high price.

If you want to collect something, you can spend money to buy it without hesitation, which requires extremely strong strength.

The most important thing is to be famous. Many people will send him good things when they have good things in their hands. This kind of life is what Chen Wenzhe dreamed of.

Therefore, now Chen Wenzhe has become the person he admired the most. He is still very happy to be able to do this.

After being happy, some troubles followed, such as some extremely controversial academic issues.

Because of being famous, this kind of problem is inevitable.

For example, was there Jun kiln porcelain in the Song Dynasty?Is it possible that Jun kiln porcelain really only appeared in the Yuan Dynasty?
As one of the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty, "Jun Kiln" first appeared in the book "Xuande Ding Yi Pu" written by Ming people.

In the literature of the Song Dynasty, there is no record of it at all.

What is the reason?It is still a mystery.

According to archaeological excavation data and combined with literature, it may be the starting point for solving this mystery.

Although the Jun kiln was not recorded in the Song Dynasty documents, its ancient kiln field was discovered in Yu County, Nanhe, its birthplace.

In the 70s, archaeological excavations were carried out on the kilns near Juntai.

The actual objects show that Juntai Kiln began to set up kilns to produce porcelain in the early Northern Song Dynasty.

At that time, it was a private kiln factory, and the main products were white-ground black-flower porcelain for the needs of folk life.

In the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, the scale of kilns continued to expand, and the varieties continued to increase.

In addition to black flowers on white ground, white glaze and green color, Song Sancai, pearl ground carved flowers, twisted tires, stirred glaze and many other varieties.

There are also blue and white porcelain, engraved and printed Ru celadon porcelain, black-glazed rabbit hair Tianmu porcelain and kiln-shaped Jun porcelain.

However, at that time, because the kiln owners didn't care about the kiln porcelain, they thought it was an ominous thing made by monsters, so they smashed it up and buried it deep as soon as they found it, so as not to cause harm to others.

In this archaeological excavation, more than 20 small pits were cleared from the ground, all of which were relatively pure Jun porcelain fragments, with a distribution area of ​​200 square meters.

The appearance of such a situation is actually caused by the superstitious practices mentioned above.

And there are texts to prove it, that is, "in the grand view, the color of the kiln changed, and it was as red as cinnabar. It is said that Yinghuo + Du came to see it, and the abnormal things turned into demons, and the kiln owners rushed to smash them."

Of course, there are also kiln households who do not believe in evil.

Under Song Huizong's world style of "decorating Fu Ruiwen for a while" and scholar-bureaucrats "being deceived by being attached to each other", the people of the country rushed to offer favors to the emperor.

Therefore, some kiln households used the kiln to make Jun porcelain offerings, which was favored by Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty.

Moreover, at the time when "Gen Yue" was being built, containers and displays for exotic flowers and plants were needed.

Therefore, the next meeting will be in a kiln in Juntai, which is specially designated as the production area for the royal family to make kiln-shaped Jun porcelain.

As Mr. Zhao Qingyun said, the kiln excavated near the ancient Juntai has four specialized firing areas for different varieties.

That is, the production area of ​​Baidiheihua porcelain in the Cizhou kiln system;

The production area of ​​black-glazed Tianmu porcelain; the production area of ​​blue-glazed Ru porcelain with engraving and printing;

This last Jun porcelain production area became an "official kiln" monopolized by the imperial court and appointed officials to supervise the firing.

It can be seen that the four production areas in the same area at that time were firing different products, and it was impossible to use one name to name the kiln.

And they are all within the jurisdiction of Ruzhou. According to the practice of Tang and Song kilns using state names, kilns within the scope of Ruzhou are collectively called "Ruzhou Kiln" or "Ru Kiln".

Therefore, in the literature of the Song Dynasty, there are many words related to "Ru", such as "Ruzhou new kiln wares", "Sui ordered Ruzhou to make green kiln wares", "Ru kiln palaces are forbidden to burn", and "only use Ru wares". statement.

The "Jun Kiln" in the Song Dynasty was in the "Ruzhou Kiln" or "Ru Kiln", so the title of Jun Kiln no longer appeared.

Only in the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, because the casting of copper furnaces required reference objects, the kiln wares were sorted out by categories, which would be different from other celadon kiln porcelains.

It is called "Jun Kiln" or "Jun Porcelain" according to its place of origin Juntai or Junzhou (Jin Gai).

Therefore, it was called "Five Famous Kilns in Song Dynasty" at this time.

All this proves that Jun porcelain is really an official kiln of the Song Dynasty, but it may not have been named at that time.

In October 2007, archaeologists excavated two mid-Jin Dynasty tombs at the construction site of Wenfeng Road, XC City. Among the unearthed cultural relics were 10 pieces of Jun porcelain vessels.

Therefore, Jun porcelain can be said to be diverse in variety and typical in glaze color, especially the large plate with azure glaze and color spots with nail feet, which is a rare boutique.

Therefore, the saying that "Jun will not be buried" is not entirely true.

In the mainstream narrative of ceramic history, Jun porcelain is regarded as one of the five official kilns in the Song Dynasty, but its true origin has always been confusing.

The attachments such as "Jun is not buried" will be broken one by one, so that we can understand Junci.

In the Ming Dynasty, a kind of porcelain from Junzhou broke into the records of literati with its colorful glaze and simple shape.

In the 17th year of Hongzhi, that is, in 1504 AD, Song Xu's "Song Family Regulations" listed 21 kilns such as Chai, Ru, Guan, Dong, Ge, and Ding, and Junzhou Kiln ranked 14th.

"Deep purple, pinkish blue with a little purple. The texture is very thick." Only 14 characters are the initial description of Jun porcelain.

"The Junzhou kiln has a little variety of colors, the brilliance is too exposed, and the vessel is huge."

This is Wang Shizhen's evaluation of Jun porcelain.

Zhang Dai added: "Most of them are flower jars and flower pots."

The words of the two represent the common impression of Jun porcelain in the Ming Dynasty.

First, "one color in the kiln, ten thousand colors out of the kiln" just seems too noisy;

Second, it is famous for its big size, not "the size of a jun";
Third, it is simple enough to be used for planting flowers and grass.

Junzhou, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Jun and Jun were connected, and people often referred to Junzhou Kiln and Jun Kiln as Junzhou Kiln and Jun Kiln.

Most of the kilns in Junzhou are round, and there are few long pots. Square pots, water chestnut flowers, and sunflowers are good, but they can be planted with cattail.

In the 19th year of Wanli (1591 A.D.), the playwright Gao Lian decided that Jun porcelain was not suitable for use in "Eight Notes of Zunsheng".

The vulgar name of Jun glaze is also very helpless. If Junzhou kiln, there are cinnabar red, verdant green (commonly known as parrot green), and eggplant skin purple.

Red is like rouge, green is like green, purple is like black.

The color of the three is pure and there is little change is the top grade, with one or two numbers on the bottom as marks.

The color of pig liver, fire red, and blue green are mixed like coveted colors, and those who are not burnt enough of the three colors must have this color, so they are commonly called nose saliva, pig liver, etc., which is ridiculous.

Appreciating Jun porcelain today, I am happy to name kiln patterns like watching fire burning clouds.

But people in the Ming Dynasty preferred a single color tone, especially bright red.

Zhang Yingwen's "Secret Collection of the Qing Dynasty" also arranged the order of glaze colors: "Junzhou kilns are the most red like rouge, followed by green like green and purple like ink...The variegated colors are not good enough."

Wen Zhenheng's "Long Wu Zhi" describes the elegant material life of scholars, and the sturdy "Junzhou Kiln" utensils are in it.

Zhuangshuo is not a derogatory term among porcelain, because such porcelain means stocky, or big!
Among porcelain, it is not so easy to fire it out.

(End of this chapter)