my scientific age

Chapter 129 Experiment!

Nitroglycerin, scientific name glycerol trinitrate, invented by Italian chemist Sobrero, has a molecular weight of 227.09, an oxygen balance of 3.5%, a relative density of 15 at 1.6009 degrees Celsius, a relative density of 20 at 1.5960 degrees Celsius, and a detonation speed of up to 7700 meters per second , the equivalent of trinitrotoluene is 1.4 times, and the ignition point is 180 degrees Celsius.

Nitroglycerin, which was developed by Nobel and became famous in the world, is essentially a liquid explosive with extremely powerful explosive power. However, due to its high mechanical sensitivity, nitroglycerin-based explosives are basically used in engineering blasting and mountain opening. As well as the field of propellant and propellant.

Nitroglycerin has excellent plasticizing properties for low-nitrogen nitrocellulose, and is an ideal energy component for modern rifle ammunition and mortar charges. It acts as a 'nitrate energetic plasticizer' in single-base propellants.

The single-base propellant under research can adjust the energy and other properties of the gunpowder by changing the content of nitroglycerin.

However, nitroglycerin also has a fatal flaw, that is, its chemical stability is extremely poor, and it is very easy to explode. It only needs shock and impact to cause an explosion.

Nitroglycerin, which was born in 1847, was very troublesome during the early production period. The explosives factory had to be rebuilt if you were not careful. The father and younger brother of the explosives boss Nobel died in the hands of nitroglycerin. Later, after thinking hard, Nobel finally Exploring a mature nitroglycerin production process - cold water pipe heat dissipation production, to achieve stable and reliable nitroglycerin production.

Danger, right here.

Yu Hua does not have special machinery and equipment and production technology, nor the cold water pipe cooling production technology created by Nobel. He can only produce nitroglycerin by ice bath method.

The entire preparation process must be extremely careful. If there is a slight error, it will be injured at light, or killed at worst.

You know, this thing belongs to everyone in the field of chemistry in the future, but everyone does not do that.

The range of action is slightly larger, and it explodes.

The hand trembled and did not hold steady, and blew himself up.

Scarred his foot, blew himself up.

Accidental collision, or self-destruction.

Making nitroglycerin is no joke.

As for why it is necessary to make this kind of explosives that other people had 90 years ago?
the reason is simple--

First, this is a necessary process for the development of single-base propellant and double-base propellant.

Second, accumulate valuable experimental experience.

Third, if someone else has it, it belongs to someone else. Once a conflict breaks out, you can see if someone else will sell it to you.

For the upcoming Anti-Japanese War, this is an extremely practical explosive technology for Chinese troops such as the Eighth Route Army and the Sichuan Army who lack weapons.

A large-dose beaker full of glycerin was placed on the table top of the operating table, Yu Hua relaxed his body, the thinking in his mind was similar to a physical system, and he continuously simulated the process of preparing nitroglycerin.

Standing on the side, Xu Rui silently stared at the large-dose beaker full of glycerin, and looked at the transparent and colorless viscous liquid with a hint of curiosity in his eyes. Although he did not know the specific function of glycerin, Yu Hua's attitude and expression could tell him. It's an important thing to understand.

Without disturbing Yu Hua, the whole person silently stood aside.

In the brightly lit laboratory, it was quiet, except for the occasional barking of dogs not far away.

"Ruizi, go and get the ice bucket." After resting for about 5 minutes, Yu Hua performed the last two simulations before the experiment again, and then took a deep breath with a serious face, and instructed.

Xu Rui nodded and turned to get the pre-treated ice bucket.

An ice bath, an important physical means of making nitroglycerin less 'naughty'.

Yu Hua turned around, went to the material area on the left, and picked up concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid that were unimaginably difficult to buy.

Yu Hua, who thought that sulfuric acid and nitric acid were the easiest to buy, forgot one point. Glycerol is one of the strategic materials. Concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid also belong to the list of strategic materials and are strictly controlled.

These concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid all came from the black market in Tianjin, and were purchased by Ruizi to Tianjin City. The manufacturer was Yongli Chemical Industry Company, and the price was five times the normal price of nitric and sulfuric acid.

One word, expensive.

He took two bottles of nitric acid and sulfuric acid in the corresponding proportions and returned to the console. At this time, Xu Rui lifted the wooden bucket with ice cubes and water to the console.

"Ruizi, back away." Yu Hua's face was serious, and he motioned Xu Rui to retreat to a safe distance.

"Yes." Feeling Yu Hua's cautiousness, Xu Rui left decisively. He didn't understand anything, and staying here would only add to the trouble.

After the whole person retreated to a safe position, he stared at Yu Hua who was bathed in the light.

"Nitroglycerin is a nitrate-based energetic plasticizer of this single-base propellant formula. The raw materials are as follows: glycerol, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid. The preparation process is to first mix nitric acid and sulfuric acid in proportion, and the specific proportion is... Get mixed nitric acid and sulfuric acid."

"The second step, ice bath, put glycerin into the low temperature environment of ice water, then pour in nitric acid mixed acid and stir, make it fully mixed to form a saturated solution, and obtain the finished product of light yellow viscous liquid, precautions, this process needs to be in a closed space , to avoid vibrations..."

After Xu Rui retreated to a safe distance, Yu Hua did not conduct the experiment immediately, but picked up a pen and an experimental notebook to record the preparation process and detailed steps of the next nitroglycerin experiment.

Every step must be observed and recorded, which is the basic requirement of scientific experiments.

Of course, in the regular laboratory, there is usually a special person or assistant responsible for recording. Xu Rui has not met the requirements for the time being, and Yu Hua can only write the entire experimental preparation process at one time.

After writing down hundreds of words, Yu Hua put down his experimental notebook and pen, and turned his attention to the large-dose beaker containing a lot of glycerin.

Relying on the operation experience that has been simulated 350 times in his mind, Yu Hua firmly picked up the beaker with his right hand, gently shook the clear and transparent colorless glycerin, and then put it into the ice bucket.

Immediately afterwards, the whole person took nitric acid in the left hand and sulfuric acid in the right hand, carefully poured it into a beaker according to the proportion of the formula, and stirred it with a glass rod to make it fully mixed to form a highly harmful mixed acid of nitric and sulfur.

With just one drop, it can burn any part of the skin and cause deep damage.

After waiting for about 1 minute, after the mixed acid of nitric acid was fully mixed, Yu Hua picked up the beaker and carefully poured it into the glycerin cup in the ice bucket.

In an instant, with the contact of two different substances, nitric-sulfur mixed acid and glycerin, a strong esterification reaction occurred immediately. After all the nitric-sulfur mixed acid was poured out, Yu Hua carefully picked up the glass rod and kept stirring the large-dose beaker. The whole person was highly concentrated. , if there is any abnormal situation, immediately prepare to run away.

Fortunately, the expected explosion did not occur.

Soon, a pale yellow viscous and transparent liquid appeared, which was nitroglycerin, which was both an explosive and a drug for the treatment of angina pectoris and coronary heart disease.

(End of this chapter)