Daming Yuanfu

Chapter 1398 "Change your number and marry a younger brother" (addition for the leader Cao face)
The fact that the emperor bestowed Mengguzhe Zhegege, who was "presented by Talumuwei" to Gao Yushi, became big news in the capital in the past two days.

Even Gao Wushi didn't expect something to happen. The Manjing division, from the officials to the common people, began to discuss two issues: one is how Gao Situ will buy a concubine in this way, and the other is whether Gao Situ should change his name.

Now that Meng Gu Zhezhe has been rewarded by the emperor, why do people still talk about "buying a concubine"?In fact, this matter has to start with Daming's concubine system.

Since ancient times, there has been a saying in China that "if you hire, you will be a wife, and if you run away, you will be a concubine".Ben here refers to elopement, that is, a woman voluntarily follows a man into her husband's home without being engaged by her husband's family.

The wife is "married", while the concubine is "na". The property sent to the Yue family when marrying a wife is called "betrothal gift"; Concubine through business" argument.

Judging from these statements alone, it seems that taking a concubine does not require any procedures and rituals, but looking at various historical materials, it can be seen that taking a concubine in Ming Dynasty was not so simple.

In the Ming Dynasty, some people in Yangzhou made a living by raising virgins and selling them to others as concubines, commonly known as "raising thin horses".The selling price is called the dowry, and the wedding etiquette is similar to that of marriage.

According to Zhang Dai's "Tao An Meng Yi" records: "Yangzhou people eat dozens of people who live on skinny horses every day. Those who marry concubines... Those who are fancy, use gold hairpins or hairpins to insert their temples, saying "insert a belt "... After "inserting the belt", the family issued a red slip, on which it wrote how many colored satins, how many golden flowers, how many gifts, how many pieces of cloth, and dipped a pen in ink to see it off.

If the guest approves the gift and satin as he wants, the guest will return.Before returning to his apartment, the drums, music, pandan, and red and green sheep wine have been at his door for a long time.In a short time, the gift coins, cakes and fruits are all available, and the drums and music guide them away.Not half a mile away, there are bridal sedan chairs, lanterns, cannons and torches, bridesmaids, paper candles for fruit and animal offerings, and attendants around the door.

The cook picks up a load, and then vegetables and fruits, soup, sugar cakes in the flower shed, mattresses around the table, wine pots and cups, dragon and tiger birthday stars, tents and reds, small singing strings, etc. are all ready.There is no waiting for a return order, nor is it waiting for an order from the master, but the sedan chair and the sedan chair sent by the relatives are all ready at once.Newcomers visit the hall, send them to the table in person, sing and preach, and make a lot of noise. "

It can be seen from here that the ceremony of marrying a concubine is at least to marry a "skinny horse" as a concubine, and the etiquette should not be much different from getting married.

Moreover, concubinage in the Ming Dynasty also required a concubine marriage certificate. "Wanshu Cuibao" records a marriage letter for concubines at that time: "Someone in a certain place complained: I was born with a self-supporting woman, named a certain maidservant, and has grown up. With a certain person's certain family name, I will discuss marriage. A certain person is a concubine in a certain place, and today she is hired for a few taels of silver, so my daughter obeys and chooses auspicious occasions to get married.

This woman is a self-raised woman, and has never been gifted by others, and there is no overlap and unknown origin.If there is such a color, and the flash (scattered), it came from a certain follower and sent it back.If the feng shui is not in danger, this is the destiny and has nothing to do with the silver master.Now I want to get an engagement certificate, so I set up a marriage certificate as a photo. "

Judging from the marriage certificate, its content should include: proving that the woman was raised by herself, voluntarily married someone else as a concubine, and received the betrothal gift. If the woman escapes, the man is responsible for recovering it. Irrelevant etc.

It is precisely because its content is similar to the contract of sale, so the folks generally do not call the marriage contract for concubines a marriage contract, but a marriage contract. In the third chapter of "Water Margin", when Zheng Tu seized Jin Cuilian, he had to write a "purchasing contract for three thousand coins".There are many systems from the Ming Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, and it is the same here.

Therefore, concubines in the Ming Dynasty must sign a contract, that is, there must be a marriage certificate for concubines.The process and etiquette of taking a concubine are similar to those of marrying a wife, but there is not much difference.

That being the case, here comes the problem: First of all, since "concubines can be bought and sold", it stands to reason that Gao Pragmatism has to give the person who "sells" a concubine to him a sum of money to "buy a concubine".

However, should Meng Gu Zhezhe be "sold" to him by Belle Narinbulu, the eastern city of Yehe, or should he be "sold" to him by His Majesty the Emperor?If Gao Wushi wants to "buy a concubine", who should the money be given to, or should he give it?
If it is counted as "selling" Nalinbulu to him, then it is reasonable for Gao Yushi to give a sum of money to Nalinbulu, but what if it is counted as "selling" to him by His Majesty the Emperor?What the emperor said was "reward", which in principle does not constitute a business relationship. Will the money be returned?
Don’t think it’s not important, it’s actually very important: if you don’t give it, the concubine can’t be regarded as a concubine, but if there is no suitable example as a reference before, then Meng Guzhe’s status is very special.

If it is in another family, a woman bestowed by the emperor is not easy to be treated as a concubine, and her status in the family may be able to compete with the royal family.

However, the situation of Gao Yushi's family is also very special, because his wife is not only the imperial wife, but also a serious official of the imperial court - Annan's current attribute is "inner attachment". He is a justifiable member of the current dynasty and a local feudal border.

Especially when Mo Maoqia, the commander-in-chief of Annan, was actually evacuated, her status was even more important, roughly equal to the first person responsible for Daming's control of Annan.

Ordinary people in the capital don't know the actual situation in southern Xinjiang, so in their view, it is possible for a woman of a foreign race to compete with Huang Dutong's status, and she will raise troops in Annan in a fit of anger. How can this be done?
It hasn't been long since the Battle of Yunnan and Burma, and everyone still clearly remembers the proud record of Hua Mulan from southern Xinjiang who defeated the White Elephant King of the Golden House in Burma, and angered such a chieftain who was born in Fengjiang, is it good?This joke must never be taken!
As for the etiquette of taking concubines, the problem of "buying a concubine" must be solved first, otherwise it will look very inappropriate no matter what you do.Therefore, whether the highly pragmatic "capital for buying a concubine" should be paid out, and who should be given to it, has become one of the hot topics in the capital.

Another hot topic of discussion followed.The first thing to explain is that wealthy and official families with wives and concubines were very common in various periods of the Arimei Dynasty.For example, Tang He, a general in the early Ming Dynasty, "had more than a hundred concubines of domestic animals, and sent them away in his later years." There is also "Princess Baoqing, the youngest daughter of the Taizu, married to Zhao Hui,...the family is luxurious, and there are more than a hundred concubines."

During Xuanzong's time, there was a Shangshu named Wu Zhong, who was very greedy for money and lived a corrupt life. He took more than ten concubines and was recorded in the annals of history. There was also a certain Hou's family who had many concubines. Dressed in Feilu on behalf of Chang Xing; in Jiajing, Zhan Ruoshui, Minister of the Ministry of War in Nanjing, was addicted to money and sex, and took dozens of concubines.

Zhang Juzheng in the original history, according to records, "in the last years, there were too many concubines and servants, which could not be spread", and there were so many concubines that he was too busy.It is not only common for officials and rich people to buy concubines, but even eunuchs also take concubines.For example, Wu Cheng, the eunuch at the beginning of Tianshun, had not only his wife, but also Yao's concubine.In the apocalypse, the eunuch Zhang Wo continued to have more than a hundred concubines.

Behind this, especially after the mid-Ming Dynasty, the custom is: Scholars who have reached the rank or are Beijing officials often buy women from Beijing as concubines.According to the records of "Winter Night Notes", there was a custom among Ming people in this period, that is, "after scholars ascended the throne, they often changed their names and married concubines. Therefore, the Beijing Master's proverb said: Change your name and marry a concubine."

The second hot topic of discussion related to high pragmatism is that since you are going to "marry a young girl" this time, should you also "change your number"?This leads to another problem. After Gao Yushi won the gold medal in the past, because he didn't take concubines, it was very rare that he didn't take a number for himself, so if he changed his number according to his habit this time, it would actually be his first time. Take the number.

Whenever it is the first time, there will always be something different, not to mention that it is related to Gao Yushi, a great farmer who has already achieved fame at a young age, so there are heated discussions in the capital.

When Gao Wushi got the news, he was stunned, and said that no matter what dynasty or generation, there is no shortage of people who eat melons.

But when he looked back, although he was often referred to as "Gao Longwen", that "Longwen" was only his famous work after all, not his official name.The reason why he didn't take the number one when he won the number one examination in the past was that he was influenced by the capital's "concubine change" and he didn't take a concubine so he didn't take a number. see.

Now that the concubine is about to be accepted, it seems that the time has come to take this number, but how to get this number, Gao Yushi really hadn't thought about it in advance.Since he was the focus of the people in the capital this time, he couldn't be too casual.

Since ancient times, the Han people have attached great importance to the surname, family name, first name, and number. After the surname was rarely used, they changed to pay attention to the surname, first name, character, and number.Among them, the surname is fixed, while the first name, character, and number are all particular.

Since ancient times, the Chinese have paid attention to honoring names but not profits, so people have cherished their names and reputations since ancient times, and tried to use their actions to maintain their names. This is what people say to have a good reputation.

The so-called "name lasts through the ages" and "remains a name in history" are to encourage people to cherish their own names.Words such as "notorious" and "discredited" are negative warnings to people not to tarnish their names.

The relationship between names and characters is the closest. "Names" can be taken at birth, while "characters" are names added to men and women after they become adults. The use of characters indicates that the person has grown up and should be respected.Therefore, "Qu Li" said: "The crown is the word, and the name is also respected."

It means that after men and women get their characters when they are adults, others can no longer call them by their names directly, but call them "characters" to show respect.Therefore, in ancient times, it was impolite to call adults by their first names. (Note: I also make a distinction between this in this book. Careful readers will find that when certain characters mention high pragmatism in conversation, they sometimes call them by their first names, which is to deliberately show their seriousness to high pragmatism. dissatisfied.)
So a name is a name, and a character is a character, but among the three "name, character, and number", the connection between the name and the character is the closest.Words, also known as "table characters".Biaozi is the annotation, supplement and extension of a person's name, which echoes the name and serves as the exterior and interior of each other.

Taking Zhuge Liang as an example, his name is "Liang" and his character is "Kong Ming". "Ming" is the annotation, supplement and extension of "Liang". "Ming" and "Liang" refer to each other. For example, Tao Yuanming, a famous idyllic poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was named Yuanliang.

In addition to the similar and complementary meanings of the name of the word, the relationship between the name and the word can also be reversed, that is, the opposite of the name of the word.For example, Zeng Dian, the character is Xi (dot means black dirt, Xi means whiteness); Zhu Xi, the character is Hui (Xi means dawn, dark means night); Wang Ji, the word Wugong (achievement and reactive power are just the opposite).

This kind of emphasis is still followed even in modern times. Compared with how to respond to Qin, the word respect means that Qin means respect.And so on and so on, and so on.

Gao Gong's "pragmatic" is taken by Gao Gong. Although his peers are all "wu X", the name of Gao Yushi contains Gao Gong's expectations for him. Reality means practical learning, and business means doing and obeying.

And his word "seeking the truth" was taken by Yu Shenxing when he was a great master, but of course Yu Shenxing, as one of the masters of the Ming Dynasty, would not take it blindly. .

Now it was his turn to take a number for himself, which was a little different.

First of all, "number" is divided into two categories: self-number and gift.If it is said that names and characters are bestowed by the predecessors and imply good hope, then different from names and characters, the names of the ancients are all related to their growth experience, which is a summary and understanding of life.Therefore, there is another difference between "name, character and number", that is, the leading role of naming is different: "name" and "character" are taken by the elders; "number" is mostly taken by oneself. It is often called "self-title"; in addition, the "title" can also be given to others, which is what people often call "honorary title" and "elegant title".

Previously, Gao Yushi was often referred to as "Long Wen", which was elegantly called based on his experience (achievements), as were similar ones such as Zhuge Liang's "Crouching Dragon" and Pang Tong's "Phoenix Young".Of course, Gao Yushi has never officially recognized this nickname, so it cannot be said that "Longwen" is his nickname.

It is more necessary to choose your own number according to your own living environment or interests to show elegance.For example, Su Shi, a well-known literary master in the Song Dynasty, has a familiar nickname, "Dongpo Jushi".The reason why Su Shi called himself "Dongpo Jushi" is related to his period of relegation.

In the second year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi, who was 43 years old at the time, was transferred to be the magistrate of Huzhou.After taking office, he wrote a "Huzhou Thank You Form" to Shenzong, which resulted in the Wutai poetry case.I won't say much about the specific process here. In short, although Su Shi was spared the death penalty in the end, the punishment was still indispensable-he was demoted as the deputy envoy of Huangzhou regiment training.

The position of deputy envoy of the Huangzhou regiment training is quite low and has no real power. At this time, Su Shi has become disheartened after this battle.So after he took office, he was in a depressed mood. He visited Chibi Mountain outside Huangzhou many times and wrote famous works such as "Fu on Chibi", "Fu on Hou Chibi" and "Nian Nujiao Chibi Nostalgia" to entrust him to live in exile. mood.

In his spare time, he led his family to reclaim a sloping land in the east of the city to help make a living by farming.It is precisely because of a special experience of "Dongpo farming" that Su Shi called himself "Dongpo Jushi".

Gao Yushi also had the experience of being demoted, so the first thing he thought of was to use this experience to get a name for himself, but after thinking about it, he found it a bit difficult to do—it was also demoted, Su Dongpo was really miserable , and he didn't suffer at all.When he was in Guangxi, he had a special status as a governor, and it happened that the governor was bewitched and couldn't be a director, so he almost became the local emperor of Guangxi.

It seems that commemorating the unlucky past seems unreliable, so Gao Wushi changed his direction and thought about commemorating his achievements.But if you think about it carefully, it is also difficult to do.

In addition to the six No. [-] scholars, Gao Wuzhen has three major achievements recognized by the world: Annan, Dingbei, and Pingxi.It stands to reason that if these three major achievements are taken out alone, any one of them is enough to commemorate, but the problem is that since there are three, it is not easy to compare them-he can't shamelessly claim that he has the third highest achievement.

After much deliberation, Gao Yushi felt a headache, why is it so difficult for me to get a number?
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Thank you book friend "Cao Mianzi" for your support, thank you!
Thanks to book friends "flyingfish19", "first login", "good mood on a cloudy day", "Cao Mianzi", "book friend 20200121063749702" for their monthly support, thank you!
PS: The "Jiagen debt" owed to the leader is finally paid off today.After dragging on for so long, I am really sorry for the lord Cao Mianzi, I feel so guilty, I dare not forgive, I can only apologize.bow.

(End of this chapter)