Daming Yuanfu

Chapter 1411
On the way back to the household department from the palace, Gao Wushi had been wondering where the 30 shi of grain would come from.

Because the autumn harvest has already passed, Taicang’s income is a fixed value, and he is not a fairy if he is highly pragmatic. It is impossible to turn one grain of rice into two grains, so the 30 shi of grain can only be obtained from Taicang.

Taicang took out 30 shi of grain, and there would be a deficit. This deficit must be made up, or something would happen. There are only two sources of this grain, either to supply the army or to distribute Zonglu.

Food supplies for the army must be indispensable. Otherwise, if there is another chaos in the Northwest, let alone the court will definitely be helpless under the normal situation, even if he is highly pragmatic, he will have to sit on the wax.

When people insist on not rebelling, Gao Yushi's title of "the most handsome man in the world" can indeed form a great deterrent, but when people really can't survive and can only rebel, then don't say that they are number one in the world , It's useless even if you are number one in the sky, and he can't turn back, he should fight or can only fight.

Now the imperial court has to make careful calculations even when it threatens to fight Nurhachi, let alone another disaster like the Northwest Rebellion?It is absolutely impossible to fight. We can only guarantee the supply of garrisons in various places in advance to ensure that there will be no changes.

As for the patriarchal Lumi, if you have to say "can be deducted", it is true that you can't detain it, but this will hinder the opening of the feudal ban: the clans look at it, good guy, the imperial court can't even issue the same level of Zonglu as before. Come on, can you still expect them to "buy out" according to the rules mentioned before?
If the hearts of the people are scattered, it is definitely not easy to lead the team. This truth has been known for a long time, so the patriarch Lumi can no longer skimp on it.

30 shi of rice, even if calculated based on the grain price in the capital, is actually only 18 taels. If Gao Yushi is willing to fill the hole with his own funds, even if Jinghua is now in a period of large-scale expenditure, it is not impossible to make up for it—don’t say goodbye Yes, directly reducing the construction of a purely military warship is almost done.

Jinghua is starting to build a new first-class cruiser with a predetermined size (tonnage) of 2400. It is a two-deck gun-type battleship equipped with 52 artillery pieces of various types, with a crew of 346 and a single ship costing 16 taels of silver.

The third-class sailing battleship under design on paper is even more amazing. The specification is 3200 materials, and it is also a two-deck gun. It is equipped with 72 artillery pieces of various types.

It's a pity that Jinghua is Jinghua, and the Ministry of Households is the Ministry of Households. It is impossible to be highly pragmatic, and it is absolutely impossible to separate public and private. This money can only be solved at the level of the Ministry of Households.

Gao Pragmatism first thought about a question: Why is Jinghua rich but the Ministry of Households has no money?
The answer is that the two sources of income are of different nature.The vast majority of Jinghua’s income comes from industry and commerce. Production, transportation, and sales are all in one package. Only a few products need to be distributed to some special people for terminal agent retail, so Jinghua’s income is of the nature of more pay for more work.

The Ministry of Household Affairs is different. It is very clear how much it should collect into the treasury every year, and it will only be less and not more (for example, a certain place has not completed the collection quota). This is equivalent to a clean and responsible civil servant in future generations. Of course, it is impossible for him to make a fortune with only "dead wages", and he can live a worry-free life thanks to the implementation of the "high salary to support honesty" policy.

This is where the trouble of the household department lies. The income is relatively constant, but the expenditure is not constant.Once something unexpected happened to the imperial court, and the funds originally reserved by the Ministry of Household Affairs were not enough to offset the emergency, it would be over, just like this year.

In fact, Gao Pragmatically recalled that the Ministry of Household Affairs originally had a chance to get out of this predicament.The opportunity lies in the earliest opening of ports, such as Shanghai, Quanzhou, Guangzhou and other ports are used by the Ministry of Households, if the Ministry of Households can operate well, these official ports can provide a large amount of funds.

It's a pity that the Ministry of Household Affairs couldn't do these jobs well, and later packaged and sold the port to Jinghua, which was equivalent to throwing away the burden at the time, but looking back now, it is completely picking sesame seeds and losing watermelons.

Now that Gao Yushi is the secretary of the household department, he deeply feels that this situation is wrong and should not be done.Why can't the household department have another source of income?The central finance of later generations does not rely solely on tax collection to survive!

So two words popped up in Gao Yushi's mind: central enterprises, SASAC.

The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission does not seem to be in a hurry, because the Ministry of Household Affairs seems to have the power of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. The key to the problem lies in the word "central enterprise".

This word is very interesting. Even before the high-practice time travel, many people held a skeptical attitude towards central enterprises, and some even criticized them as state monopoly, which should be gradually abolished.

But in fact "monopoly" itself is a neutral term and has nothing to do with ownership.Looking at the anti-monopoly laws of various countries in the world and the Red Dynasty, none of the private enterprises and state-owned enterprises with a high concentration of production and operation are called monopoly enterprises, but only oppose monopoly behaviors in production and operation such as price alliances and bundled sales, and do not There is no objection to the higher concentration of production and operation under the pattern of economic globalization.

At that time, economically powerful countries such as the United States, Japan, Germany, and France all had a number of privately owned “monopoly companies” with a high concentration of production and operation (for example, the only super-large company in Singapore was the state-owned Temasek).

Generally, large and medium-sized enterprises cannot actually enter these fields, thus forming a modern enterprise organizational structure in which a small number of large companies and many small and medium-sized enterprises coexist.

The corporate organizational structure with the characteristics of the Red Dynasty should not be ordinary large and medium-sized enterprises, but rather large state-owned enterprises, and many large, medium, small and micro enterprises (most of which are collective, cooperative or privately owned) enterprise) coexistence of the modern enterprise organizational framework.

The statement that does not oppose Chinese and foreign private enterprises, but only opposes the high concentration of production and management of the Red Dynasty state-owned enterprises, is not in line with the corporate organizational structure required by the modern market economy and economic globalization competition; the so-called Red Dynasty state-owned enterprises Public accusations of interfering with global resource allocation and international trade are also not objective.

In fact, while many super-large state-owned enterprises in the Red Dynasty had the injection of state capital and certain "monopoly privileges", they also assumed social responsibilities that private enterprises would never be willing to undertake.

Even if it is an area with few residents in the rural areas of Hongchao, the State Grid will certainly not refuse to pull the power supply for you.In the same situation, do you try it in the United States?I am a private company, and it will take 100 years to pay back for you to pull the wire for power supply. Do you think I will pull this wire for you?

Guarantee the basic electricity needs of the people?Are you kidding me, am I a charity?I am a private enterprise, what I want is to make money!

Of course, this is also the difference between government with limited responsibility and government with unlimited responsibility.

But if this is the case, why can't the government of unlimited responsibility, Ming Dynasty, follow suit?

Oh, yes, the Ming Dynasty also had government operations, but most of them failed and very few succeeded. Even the system of salt and iron monopoly, which is an obvious money-gathering system, did not earn as much income in the Ming Dynasty as it did in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

However, Gao Wushi thinks that this problem is not a human problem, but a stupid policy: the rulers of Ming Dynasty, starting from Zhu Yuanzhang, have no economics at all, and they can't even think of a professional broker system, let alone a professional broker Incentives are up.

Is it the way normal people should have to let a group of administrative officials who have read sage books manage the enterprise?
He is highly pragmatic and doesn't care about Jinghua's specific operations!From the very beginning, the specific operators of Jinghua were professional brokers (major shopkeepers) trained by the Gao family themselves, and their promotion depends on their business performance.At most, Gao Pragmatism can find a few people with professional ability in his own home to be in charge of a certain aspect, such as Gao Guoyan, who is in charge of financial audit.

However, Daming is so indiscriminate, as if reading some sage books, he really knows everything. In fact, when he is in charge of specific matters, he will pull up all kinds of brakes, especially government-run workshops, mines, etc.In addition to civil servants who read the books of sages, the eunuchs of Ming Dynasty also always participated in these government-run "enterprises"... That's even more frustrating.

So the official operation itself is not the problem, the problem lies in the employment system, which does not allow professional people to do professional things.If the Ministry of Household Affairs can change this situation in the future, even if it does not open up other government-run projects, at least it can turn losses into profits for many government-run workshops, factories and mines in Daming.

Thinking of this, Gao Wushi not only secretly said: Good guy, I never thought that I would actually reform the state-owned enterprise system for Daming.

But now that he has thought of this, Gao Pragmatism has to think about another related issue. After the state-owned enterprises of the Hong Dynasty developed to a certain stage, they found that the state-owned enterprises should "grasp the big and let go of the small". Should I refer to it?
The premise of grasping the large and letting go of the small was that there were so many state-owned enterprises at that time, and because the vast majority of state-owned enterprises had iron rice bowls, their work efficiency was low, their product competitiveness was very poor, and the enterprises suffered long-term losses and had no hope of turning around.

The current Daming official camp seems to have this problem, and it is more complicated and worse in nature and situation.For example, the Ministry of Households has some mines and coal fields controlled by the Ministry of Households, and the Ministry of War has guard factories, mining industries, and even various small workshops controlled by the five prefectures.

These must all be "small" and definitely not "big". If it is placed in the Hong Dynasty in later generations, I am afraid that they are all junk assets that need to be let go.

However, Gao Yushi feels that in the current Daming, it cannot be divided according to this standard.Not only can it not be "released", but it even needs to be kneaded first.

On this issue, Gao Wushi plans to copy his own homework: according to Jinghua's style, first merge various scattered industries according to categories and regions, and cultivate local leading enterprises directly controlled by the Ministry of Household Affairs.

Now that the "Big Household Department" has not been completed, the related industries controlled by the Ministry of War through the Five Armed Forces Governor's Mansion must not be available, and there is no way to help them restructure.

But it seems to be a good thing to think about it the other way around. After all, this kind of thing also needs to be piloted. First, use the industry controlled by the Ministry of Households to "practice" and wait for good results before promoting it. No matter from the perspective of benefits or the resistance faced All are good.

The idea seems to be good, but there are still some difficulties in implementing this idea: for example, how to find a professional broker, and if a professional broker is arranged to manage it, will it encounter opposition from the court?In addition, how should professional brokers effectively supervise them?Etc., etc., such details also have to be considered.

The general idea is like this, but there is a problem, the above-mentioned things cannot be achieved immediately, and even no matter how immediate the results are, it is impossible to gather the 30 shi of grain or 18 taels of silver in a short period of time.

For food or silver, we still have to find another way.

However, the thinking of this central enterprise just reminded Gao Pragmatism, especially the words "grasp the big and let go of the small" gave him an excellent inspiration.

How will this urgently needed money come from?Sell ​​assets!

Good guy, if this is the Red Dynasty in later generations, it would be too dangerous to do this kind of thing. If you are not careful, you may "cause heavy losses of state-owned assets", and you may be sentenced to life imprisonment.

But now in Daming, many things are completely different.Not to mention anything else, the Ministry of Households sold Guangang to him back then, and now the major ports are so rich that no one said that Zhang Xueyan's decision back then was incorrect.

Why?Because the Ministry of Finance can't do it right!This is not only a problem unique to the Ministry of Households. How many of the various official camps, large and small, made money in the Ming Dynasty?Selling Guangang at the beginning brought back a large amount of funds at once. How difficult it was to overcome at that time, how can we now look back and say that Zhang Xueyan made a mistake in his decision-making and caused a heavy loss of state-owned capital?
So Zhang Xueyan can sell loss-making assets, and of course high pragmatism can also sell them.

In the case of buying and selling, if there are only sellers, there is a price without a market, and if there are only buyers, there is a market without a price. So now that there are sellers, you have to find a buyer, and the Ministry of Households must first determine what to sell.

This is not difficult, Gao Wushi thought of it all at once.

He had planned to pull the Shimadzu family of the Japanese Satsuma domain into his own pirate ship, so he came up with an idea, which was to let the Shimadzu family reform the domain government and develop glass products in terms of economy and industry, which required soda ash (see Chapter 175 of this volume, Sugar Coated Poison).

In East Asia, there are two major producing areas of natural soda ash, one is Tumed's soda ash, and the other is the undeveloped Henan soda ash mine.

You must know that even before the high-practice travel, there were very few countries in the world where natural soda ash mines were found, only the United States, China, Turkey, Kenya and other very few countries, and among them, the Green River trona mine in the United States is the most famous.

However, the total reserves of "China's Trona Capital" located in Tongbai County, Henan Province in later generations reached 1.5 million tons, and the prospective reserves were as high as 3-5 million tons, accounting for 80% of the national trona reserves, ranking first in Asia and No. [-] in the world two.

And more importantly, although Tumed is already a loyal fan of Ming Dynasty, in comparison, if Tumed is imported and then transported to Japan, the transportation cost will definitely exceed that of transporting from Henan to Japan—because Tongbai County is located In the south of Henan, the distance from the Yangtze River and the Yellow River is almost the same, so the trona produced by it can be transported by the Yellow River or the Yangtze River. When it reaches the sea, it will be transported to Japan by Jinghua sea ship.

Tongbai County in later generations is currently a county under the jurisdiction of Nanyang City, and now it also belongs to Nanyang Prefecture.The mining area in Tongbai County, Nanyang Prefecture (expected area) is not the military settlement controlled by the five prefectures, which means that local assets can be sold with the approval of the local government, while the top-level supervision and approval power lies with the Ministry of Household Affairs.

Gao Yushi felt relieved now, killing two birds with one stone, Jinghua can buy a huge mine, and the Ministry of Household Affairs can use a large amount of cash to tide over the difficulties.

As for the "significant loss of state-owned assets"...it's easy to handle, just go to the emperor for approval.

After all, everyone in the world thinks that the world belongs to him. When the time comes, he approved the sale of this land, so naturally no one can say anything.
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(End of this chapter)