Daming Yuanfu

Chapter 1438 The East and West Build a State
"It's not that Cao is boasting. It's a good thing that Da Sinong came to ask the general about these questions. Otherwise, he might not know the details." In the handsome account, Cao Yan held the letter that Gao Yimin handed him. After reading the letter twice, he smiled and said to Gao Yimin.

"My master also said the same thing, he said that besides Uncle Ning Yuan, only Cao Zongrong can understand the inside story of that year." Gao Yimin asked with a smile: "Since that's the case, can Zongrong tell you? "

"Since Da Sinong has asked something, Cao Yu naturally knows everything to say, and he can't stop talking." Cao Yu quickly replied. After Gao Yimin nodded, he thought for a while and said: "Da Sinoong asked, Jianzhou Sanwei Why is it difficult to separate each other now, and whether it will be possible to separate again in the future... The general thinks that we should start with the two wars of the past, and especially focus on Wang Gao."

"Wang Gao from Gule Village?" Gao Yimin asked, "Which incident is he related to?"

"It's related to many things. Mr. Yimin might as well listen to me." Cao Yan said seriously: "The current situation in Jianzhou is actually related to Wang Gao."

"Okay, then I have to trouble Zongrong Cao. Please tell me, Zongrong, and the grassroots are all ears."

"Don't dare to say anything." Cao Yu said politely, "Wang Gao is a descendant of Fancha, the right guard of Jianzhou, and he belongs to the same clan as Nurhachi. Wang Gao's father is called Dobeile in the local area, and his ancestors originally lived in Kazakhstan. Ersa Alin. Halsa Alin, in Chinese, is "Migou Mountain" (this mountain is the mountain range where the old city of Erdaohe, Yongling Town, Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County is located), so Jianzhou Youweiyuan At the beginning of its establishment, it lived with Zuowei in the same place.

However, as far as I know, in the record of Wang Gao's migration, his ancestor was "expelled by the neighbors and moved to Guole Mountain (Gule Mountain) not far from Maldun, and was in charge of Baili Shuidu". "

This matter has been mentioned before, that is, when the Zuowei of Jianzhou migrated to Foalashan City, the dispute between the Chief Fancha and Dong Shan's uncle and nephew broke out, and the tribe was in danger of splitting.In order to restrain the Jianzhou Jurchens more effectively, the Ming court adopted the method of separating the right guard from the left guard, dividing the original Jianzhou left guard into two, and became two guards from then on.

After the establishment of the right guard, Fancha was in charge of the right guard, and Dong Shan was still in charge of the left guard.Jianzhou Youwei, who was separated, still lived with Zuowei in the area of ​​Foala Mountain City in Harsa Mountain for a period of time, which is the Jianzhou Laoying or Hucheng that is often mentioned in historical materials of the Ming Dynasty.

However, the rift between the two guards caused by the dispute over Weiyin was difficult to heal within a short period of time. The power of the right guard was weak, so it was often repelled by the forces of the left guard. For this reason, Chief Fancha decided to lead his troops. The crowd moved westward along the Suke Suhu River to Gule Mountain and Mardun.

The left guard and the right guard take Wuling, that is, Qinglong Ridge (Maldun Ridge) as the boundary line, thus forming the theory of building a state from east to west.Dongjianzhou refers to the left guard, while Xijianzhou refers to the right guard.

Readers may want to ask: Isn’t it about Jianzhou Sanwei?Why do you only mention the left and right guards here, and you haven't heard of Jianzhou Guards?
When Cao Yu talked about this, Gao Yimin also asked: "East and West Jianzhou? Where did the original Jianzhou Guard go?"

"This is related to the Battle of Dinghai in the Chenghua period." Cao Yu explained: "At that time, I sent a large army to destroy the old camp of Jianzhou and the Wumi Mansion where the Jianzhou Guard was located. Dong Shan, the chief of the left guard, was killed by our army one after another, and the old camp of Jianzhou, where the left guard lived, was bloodbathed by our army. At this time, Fancha of the right guard of Jianzhou led his troops to flee to the mountains and escaped the battle. Catastrophe."

Gao Yimin narrowed his eyes and asked seriously: "That is to say, Jianzhou Guard and Jianzhou Zuowei have actually been wiped out at this time?"

Cao Yu nodded and said: "It can be said that in the first year of Jingtai, Fancha repeatedly led his people to rob our side because of his revenge for destroying the nest, and was captured by our army, and was arrested and killed in Liaodong.

This Fancha has seven sons and two daughters. After he was arrested and killed in Liaodong, the post of command envoy was established by our Ming Dynasty, and his eldest grandson Nabuha inherited it.But after Nalangha took over his post, in order to avenge his grandfather's murder, he also violated the border repeatedly, and was later punished by our border officials.After Nalangha's death, the post of commander of Jianzhou Right Guard was taken over by his uncle Bu Huatu.

When Bu Huatu was in command of the capital of the right guard, he still committed rebellions on the frontier many times.For this reason, my imperial court ordered the right guard to say, "The three guards of Buhatu will protect his honesty, and all of them will command and understand, negotiate with and seal the edict, order to control the people of this guard, and never break the law again." "

Gao Yimin frowned and said, "Three generations of right guard captives have violated the frontier, it's really hard to say loyalty."

"That's true, but as the saying goes, evil is rewarded with evil. In the second year of Zhengde, Bu Huatu died. In the following decades, all the Jurchen ministries in Jianzhou—no matter which guards, were in a state of disarray, and there was nothing worth mentioning. leader."

Gao Yimin's eyes flashed: "Until Wang Gao appeared?"

"Mr. Yimin Fayan." Cao Yan said with a smile: "Jianzhou Youwei flourished again during the Jiajing period, and the key figure was Wang Gao. When Wang Gao was 16 years old, he inherited his father's business and rebuilt Gule City. It was the 24th year of Jiajing. After the rise of Wang Gao's power, he took over the command of Jianzhou Youwei Capital, and proclaimed himself the governor, and all the barbarians in Jianzhou listened to Gao's dispatch."

"Everyone listens to dispatch" is not bragging, because Nurhachi's grandfather Jue Chang'an and father Ta Keshi, who were obviously born in Jianzhou Zuowei, are Wang Gao's de facto subordinates, and the other five ancestors are all under Wang Gao's command.

According to Cao Yu's introduction, in the genealogy of the genealogy preserved by Wang Gao's descendants, the right guards are arranged according to the age of the lineage in this way: Fancha-Ahada-Duo-Wang Gao-Atai.

Arranged according to the annual rings of the same generation, Zuowei's lineage is: Mengge Timur-Dong Shan-Xibaoqi Piangu-Fuman-Juechang'an-Takeshi.

Here Cao Yu made a special point. Although Fancha and Mengge Timur are brothers, there is a big age gap between them. In fact, Fancha and his nephew Dong Shan can be regarded as the successor of Mengge Timur. contemporaries.And Wang Gao's son Atai and Takshi are contemporaries.

Among the Jurchen surnames used by the Wang Gao family, the surname is Xitala with the land as the surname.The Chinese translation of Xitala in Manchu is "the place where weaving nets on the bank." It can be seen that the origin of this surname is derived from the use of the crown by its ancestors when they moved westward along the Sukesuhu River to Gule City. .

Cao Yu said again: "I am in the process of customizing the management of Jurchen guards' official succession in the Ming Dynasty. The "Daming Huidian" Yongle Dynasty made a custom: 'The officials of the Jurchen guards say that the deceased, their descendants will succeed and be demoted to a higher level'. Regulations: 'Officials in Jurchen guards who have served for 25 years are allowed to be promoted to a higher level'. Usually, after the death of Jurchen officials in guards, their descendants are "allowed to return to their posts."

Gao Yimin asked for some details according to Gao Yushi's instructions. It turned out that the appointment of the son and grandson of Fancha, the right guard of Jianzhou, had been granted by the Ming court and issued an order to succeed him.That is to say, Wang Gao inherited the post of Commander of the Right Guards in Jianzhou. Although there is no detailed note from the court, according to Cao Yu's statement, his post of Commander of the Capital was approved by the court, while the post of Governor was not. recognized by the court.Therefore, the Liaodong frontier officials did not recognize Wang Gao's self-proclaimed official position.

After Wang Gao inherited his father's business and revived Gule City, he united the left guards to disperse the fighting ministries, and reached the point where all the barbarians in Jianzhou listened to his dispatches. A unified situation emerged in a short period of time in the Suke and Suhu river basins.

At this time, Wang Gao often met with the leaders of the Jianyi tribes, "thirty or forty young, fifty or sixty, and they went to the Ming border to plunder."During the many raids, Nurhaci's grandfather Jue Chang'an, father Ta Keshi, third patriarch Suo Chang'a's descendants and other clan members were all among them.

After the rise of Wang Gao's power, he carried out large-scale construction of Gule City.After the construction, Gule City faces water on three sides and mountains on one side. The Suke Suhu River flows through the west of the city, and the Shangjia River flows through the north, west, south and north of the city. natural barrier.

The defensive facilities are built with inner and outer walls, and a city gate is built in the north of the city.In Gule City, Wang Gao built more than 500 houses in addition to his own meeting hall and dormitory. Do a military struggle.

During Wang Gao's stay in Gule City, "he ruled the water as the chieftain, was in charge of Baili Water Ferry, and snatched the Chiwulawei Edict".Wang Gao, with the help of Li Hong and others from his competent department, often disturbed the trade in the horse market, ignored the restraints of the Fu Shun Ning officials of the Ming Dynasty, and often asked for rewards.

Under the planning of Zuowei Jurchen and Lai Lihong and others, Wang Gao led Lai Lihong and others to repeatedly commit border robbery and kill more than 30 Ming border officials.After being expelled by Ming Fushunbei Yufei Chengzu, Wang Gao hated Pei Chengzu deeply, and finally took advantage of the opportunity to ask for escape, and together with Lai Lihong, designed to lure Pei Chengzu and others to Gule City to kill them.

Cao Yu said: "In the second year of Wanli, Fushun guerrilla Pei Chengzu was promoted to the imperial court. In autumn and July, he and Lai Lihong died together. Pei Chengzu sent more than [-] riders to the Lihong case. And brutally slaughtered Liu Chengyi, the general manager, and Liu Zhongwen from hundreds of households. Therefore, Zhang Gelao (the Zhang Gelao here refers to Zhang Xueyan, the governor of the Liao Dynasty at that time) invited him to pay tribute to the city."

Apparently, Wang Gao's continuous crimes on the border have long attracted the attention of the imperial court. However, according to Cao Yu, before each Liaodong general wanted to lead his troops to attack, Wang Gao went to the border to plead guilty and returned the plundered people and animals to express his remorse. meaning.Wang Gao's approach once deceived the Liaodong frontier officials.

However, after trapping and killing Fushun Beiyu Pei Chengzu, the imperial court finally caused a shock and decided to carry out a military strike against him—that is, Li Chengliang went out twice and won the battle of Gulezhai.

In fact, only the first battle of Gule Village was "Li Chengliang VS Wang Gao", and the second battle of Gule Village was actually "Li Chengliang VS Wangtai".

And this first battle of Gulezhai did not break out for no reason. This incident is even closely related to Zhang Xueyan, a highly pragmatic senior and ally, and a cabinet scholar.

In the second year of Wanli, Gao Gong was the head and assistant, and Zhang Xueyan was then Liao Fu.Because Zhang Xueyan accepted Li Chengliang's suggestion two years ago, he moved the Gushan Fort to Zhangqi Hardian, and moved the Five Forts of the Dangerous Mountain to Kuandian, Changdian, Shuangdun, Changling and other places, occupying the space between the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty and the Yalu River, surrounded by mountains The fertile land in the city approached the Jianzhou Jurchen base area from the southeast, which curbed the expansion of the Jianzhou Jurchen. The strategic situation was already quite favorable, so it was proposed to check Wang Gao's imperial edict.

Although Wang Gao had 30 edicts, most of them were obtained by plundering other ministries, or under the pseudonym Keshao, "obtained by edicts from barbarians."He himself had only 18 imperial edicts.Of course, this situation cannot withstand inspection, so Wang Gao reverted to his old ways and went to the border to plunder again, which led to the incident mentioned above that Pei Chengzu pursued Lai Lihong and Wang Gao designed to kill Pei Chengzu.

On the tenth day of the eleventh day of the second year of Wanli, Li Chengliang, the commander-in-chief of Liaodong, led a [-]-strong division, carrying a large number of firearms such as artillery, muskets, and rockets, and went straight to Gule Village.

According to Cao Yu's introduction, at that time in front of Gule Mountain, Li Chengliang ordered Yang Teng, the deputy general, and Wang Weiping, the guerrilla, to divide the vital points, and ordered him to lead the army to challenge. Gule city.

Cao Yu was quite complacent when he said this. Although he didn't say it directly, he also hinted at Gao Yimin that Li Chengliang was already a little afraid of the bravery of Cao Yu's family Ding at that time, so this battle had the intention of killing Cao Yu with Wang Gao's sword.

The terrain of Gule City is dangerous, with deep ditches and high bases, strong fences and dangerous mountains, making it easy to defend but difficult to attack.Cao Yu led the Ming army to attack the city with firearms and broke through several fences. Lai Lihong and others fought desperately, and the battle was very fierce under the rain of arrows and stones, but they still gradually gained the upper hand.

Li Chengliang saw that Cao Yu's troops were gradually gaining the upper hand, and he didn't dare to let him continue to work alone, so as not to make great achievements by himself, so he sent his own direct line.General Yu Zhiwen and Qin Deyi climbed into the city from the northeast corner first, and the generals entered the city one after another.

Seeing that the outer city could not be defended, Wang Gao retreated into the inner city and shot Yu Zhiwen to death.Even so, under Li Chengliang's strict order, the Ming army still did not avoid the arrows and rocks, climbed up, and set fire to the village along the wind, burning down more than 500 houses and a large number of luggage.The final result of this battle was that the Ming army won a big victory, and Wang Gao escaped from Gule City alone.

However, in February of the third year of Wanli, Wang Gao, who was full of resentment, once again mobilized the crowd to enter the border, intending to retaliate. As a result, he was defeated by Cao Gui, who had been prepared for a long time and had been promoted to the deputy commander-in-chief due to his outstanding military exploits. Wang Gao fled to Aha Nazhai.

At this time, Cao Yu was already the deputy commander-in-chief of Liaodong, that is, he was solely in charge of the defense east of the Liaohe River, so he took the initiative to continue chasing and suppressing Li Chengliang without waiting for an order.Wang Gao had no choice but to give Ahana the "python hanging and red armor" he was wearing, and was able to escape under the cover of Ahana's desperate efforts.This Anaha is the second son of Baoshi, one of the six patriarchs of Nurhachi.

After Wang Gao escaped, he wanted to take refuge in Subahai, the leader of the Mongolian Taining Guard.Later, "only Wang Tai met each other very happily in his life, and he wanted to pretend to be a karma, so he returned to Taiwan"-this "tai" refers to Wan Khan of Hada, who is also known as Wang Tai.

But at this time, the Ming court was unwilling to give up. On the one hand, it took Jue Changan, Wang Gao's subordinate, as a hostage in Fushun Pass (Nurhachi also went, of course, and was taken under Li Chengliang's tent); Gao's whereabouts, and finally found out where Wang Gao was hiding.

Wang Tai, the head of Haixi Jurchen, who had always had a close relationship with the Ming court, was under the pressure of Cao Yu's heavy troops. Of course, without thinking too much, he led troops with his eldest son Hu Erhan on the third day of July. Shisantouer Village, where Wang Gao lived temporarily, arrested Wang Gao and 27 members of his family, and escorted them to the residence of Deputy Envoy He Qin.He Qin then escorted Wang Gao to Guangning.

Seeing that Wang Gao had been captured, Zhang Xueyan was overjoyed, so he ordered Ke Wan, the chief executive, to take Wang Gao to Beijing to "offer a prisoner under the gate", and Ke Wan was rewarded for this.Zhu Yijun issued an edict to "kill" Wang Gao and hang his head on Hao Street (this is the area where the Shaomin tribute envoys are concentrated and the location of the Siyi Pavilion).

After listening to Cao Yu's introduction, Gao Yimin obviously understood why Cao Yu said that "the situation in Jianzhou is all related to Wang Gao".He nodded and said: "That is to say, after the Dinghai War in Chenghua, especially after the death of Bu Huatu, the three guards of Jianzhou were in fact indistinguishable from each other, but when Wang Gao appeared, the three guards were still separated in name. , but in fact Wang Gao is alone in charge?"

Cao Yu nodded and said, "Exactly."

Gao Yimin frowned and said, "Wang Gao and Jue Chang'an are really related by marriage? Brother Nurhachi and Wang Gao..."

Cao Yu immediately said: "Juechang'an's son Ta Keshi married Wang Gao's daughter Xi Tara, and gave birth to Nurhaci and Shuerhaqi brothers. Wang Gao's eldest son Atai married the daughter of Juechang'an's eldest son Li Dun. As a wife. In other words, the two families are of the same blood lineage and have been married several times.

As for the Nurhachi brothers... Wang Gao is the grandfather of the Nurhachi brothers, and Atai and Ahai are both their brothers' uncles. "

"Wonderful!" Gao Yimin laughed: "My master is worried that he can't find a suitable reason to make arrangements."

Cao Yu was taken aback for a moment, then hesitated and said, "Did Sinong still... have other arrangements?"

Gao Yimin glanced at Qi Jin and Ma Chengxun, the two of them felt a thump in their hearts, and were wondering if they should find a reason to leave, but unexpectedly Gao Yimin said: "Qi Jinrong and Ma Chengxun are not outsiders, so I'll just say it : What my lord means is that since the three guards of Jianzhou have been inseparable from each other for a long time, but if they are not separated now, the situation will be too big to lose. Why not divide Jianzhou into east and west again according to the old story of Fancha and Dongshan? , with Nurhachi and Shuerhaqi each in the palm?"
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(End of this chapter)