Daming Yuanfu

Chapter 1469 Changes in Southern Border ([-])
The Nanzhang coup ended dramatically: When Huang Zhiting's three-way army encircled Vientiane City, Huang Yinglei and Biya Jue in Vientiane City never received any support from any other force except for more than 1 veterans.

More than 1 veterans were gathered, but there was a lack of weapons and armor, and there was no military rations in the city. They all relied on the little rations brought by Huang Yinglei's wolf soldiers.

Seeing that he was about to be caught, Huang Yinglei was so anxious that his mouth was bubbling.Although he didn't know how Ajie was going to march this time, he thought that the force to encircle and suppress him would not be too weak, and his backhand... didn't know if it would be useful or not?
Of course, Huang Yinglei also has back-hands, otherwise, no matter how daring he is, he would not dare to make a fuss among the 10,000+ guards.However, his backhand is not to send some surprise soldiers to resist by force, but to move with emotion and reason.

He went north with Princess Bijue immediately after learning the news that Nuojiao Gumeng had become a monk, but in addition, he also sent a letter to his father Huang Chengzu from his cronies.Although Huang Chengzu was anxious and angry after receiving the letter, he still sent a fast horse to contact Huang Zhiting, and at the same time set off for Vientiane City in person.

When the three armies encircled Vientiane City, Huang Chengzu's messenger arrived just in time and delivered the letter to Huang Zhiting.

The content of the letter was known to no one except Huang Zhiting himself, the generals only saw his wife's face sinking like water, she sat on the commander's seat and said nothing for a long time, and it took a long time before she spoke, asking all the ministries to surround her without fighting.

Another three days later, Huang Chengzu, the guard envoy of Annan Shannan, rushed to the outside of Vientiane City, asking to see the deputy capital.

After all, he was his biological father, and he had no combat mission, so Huang Zhiting met him alone without any outsiders present.As she expected, Huang Chengzu came here to intercede for his eldest son.

There is no other reason. He only said that although Huang Yinglei did not ask for instructions in advance for this move, since Nuojiao Gumeng abdicated, only Princess Bijue has the right to be regent in the Southern Zhang Kingdom. Maybe he was just worried about chaos in Nanzhang—after all, a country cannot live without a king.

So according to Huang Chengzu's thinking, although Huang Yinglei was reckless, it was enough to punish him lightly, so why did tens of thousands of troops come to conquer him?Don't tell me you, as a sister, have to convict your younger brother of treason?
In Huang Zhiting's letter to Gao Yushi, she didn't mention how she answered her father at that time, but only said, "My concubine studied essays with her husband. Although I didn't gain much, I also knew that my master said: 'He is upright, and he does not obey orders; His body is not right, even if he refuses to obey orders.' Therefore, he dare not protect each other.

But thinking that the old father was far away, he couldn't bear to see his son face to face, so he allowed him to send a letter to the city, urging Huang Yinglei to tie himself to the city. "

Huang Yinglei saw his father's letter, thought it was safe, and happily planned to surrender in Kaesong.Biyajue asked: "Since we knew that we were going to surrender, why did we come here in such a hurry? Why not write to Sister earlier to explain that as long as we get her permission, wouldn't the regency be justifiable?" face."

Huang Yinglei shook her head and said: "The princess only knows one thing but not the other. I have been at odds with Huang Zhiting for many years. If I contact you rashly, I'm afraid she will make trouble and refuse to agree. Humph, she has been in charge of Siming since she was 13 years old. Being self-willed, even if her father advises her, she may not be willing to listen, so am I just asking for trouble?
But I took the Vientiane City first and then played it, and things were different.She is bound to come to conquer, but my father will not bear to see me die, let alone allow Huang Zhiting to fight with my siblings, nine out of ten he will force each other to death.

Huang Zhiting has always been a hypocrite, seeing his father like this, he would not bear the bad name of disobedience, so he can only forgive me.At that time, since her father will come in person, you and I, the regents, will probably have to pinch their noses to recognize her. "

After some explanations, Huang Yinglei and his wife opened the city, but they did not engage in any tricks of pleading guilty. They just opened the city in a normal way, pretending to welcome their father and sister.

Huang Chengzu heaved a sigh of relief, but Huang Zhiting kept his face covered with frost.When Huang Yinglei and his wife came forward, Huang Chengzu was about to say something to ease the atmosphere, but unexpectedly Huang Zhiting waved his hand coldly and said: "Left and right, take Huang Yinglei with me, and please move to Dingnan to recuperate."

Huang Yinglei's complexion changed drastically, he stood up straight suddenly, and shouted: "Huang Zhiting, you..." Unfortunately, before he could finish speaking, Huang Hu and several trusted wolf soldiers stepped forward and covered his mouth.The wolf soldiers behind Huang Yinglei didn't know whether to save or not for a while, they all subconsciously looked at Huang Zhiting.

Huang Zhiting sat on the horse, raised her head slightly, and said condescendingly, "Kneel down!"

She has been in charge of the main branch of the Huang Clan for more than ten years. These wolf soldiers were her subordinates more than a year ago. Now that she orders them, who would dare to resist them?All subconsciously, their legs became weak, and before they had time to think about it, they all fell to their knees with a thump, their heads bowed to the ground, and no one dared to lift their heads.

Huang Chengzu was also extremely surprised, stretched out his hand to pull Huang Zhiting's rein, and persuaded: "Zhiting..."

Huang Zhiting said coldly: "Before the formation of the army, please take the post of commander of the capital in Shannan, and don't break the rules."

Huang Chengzu's face was blue and white for a while, and finally he smiled back angrily: "Okay, what a Huang Dutong, what a Mrs. Gao!"

He gritted his teeth, and said in a bitter voice: "Madam Gao is going to betray Huang's father and son today for a crime of rebellion? Very good, here is Huang Chengzu's head, if you want, just take it!"

Huang Zhiting felt a pain in her heart and shook her horse.But she quickly stabilized her figure, just closed her eyes forcefully, and ordered word by word: "Huang Zhenshou is still hungover, left and right, help him down to rest, don't neglect."

Huang Chengzu sternly said: "Joke, I'm sober! If you want to kill my son, do so in front of me!"

"What are you doing in a daze, take it down!" Huang Zhiting also opened her eyes suddenly, and ordered again sternly.Although the guards on the left and right were so startled that their hands and feet were numb, they didn't dare to delay at all, they hurriedly rushed forward, pulled Huang Chengzu off his horse, and "helped" him away.

Huang Chengzu is their nominal head of the family, although he has not asked about common affairs for many years, after all, these wolf soldiers did not dare to be cruel, so he can still curse aloud.Fortunately, seeing that the situation was not good, Huang Hu took out a piece of satin to seal Huang Yinglei's mouth, and then handed it over to his subordinates. He hurried over to cover Huang Chengzu's mouth, begging for mercy repeatedly: "Master, forgive me."

Huang Chengzu glared at him while struggling, Huang Hu turned his head away as if he hadn't seen him, and pulled him away quickly with a skillful hand.

At this time Princess Biajue was also "invited" over, but she was not silenced, she just glanced at Huang Yinglei absent-mindedly, looked at Huang Zhiting again, and suddenly said: "Eldest sister really wants to kill him?"

Huang Zhiting glanced at her, her eyes softened slightly, and she sighed softly: "This is beyond my power."

After the presentation, Huang Zhiting told Gao Wushi in the letter that she dismissed Huang Yinglei in the name of "deploying troops without being recruited" and escorted her to Dingnan City to await the ruling.It was also discovered that Princess Bijue was pregnant, so she brought them back to Dingnan together, but they were not allowed to meet each other, and Princess Bijue was placed under house arrest alone.

Although King Nanzhang became a monk, under the suggestion of Huang Zhiting, Dai Nuojiaogumeng, the Jinghua Advisory Group issued a decree, ordering the Advisory Group to take charge of the state affairs in the name of the king. The king will always care about state affairs, but only when he thinks it is necessary Actively intervene in the situation.

In other words, Nanzhang's regime has been completely controlled by Jinghua, so that the king's becoming a monk will not affect the country's administrative operations at all.

But at this time, Gao Wushi did not reply to Huang Zhiting immediately, and did not express his position on these disposals immediately.During this period of time, he was discussing the Ming currency issue with Liu Xin.

Although China's currency was produced very early, it can be traced back to the ancient Three Dynasties.However, the monetary system consisting of two or more stable currencies was established during the Qin and Han empires.

The coins of the Qin Dynasty seen in historical records are divided into two classes. Gold is the upper coin, which is recorded in Yi;In fact, as early as the period of King Jing of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (524 B.C.), Shan Qi put forward the theory of the power of mother and child in currency, and opposed King Jing's casting of large coins.

What he said about the weight of currency actually refers to the different exchange rates of currency to commodities, not the weight itself.Therefore, the single-flag theory can be said to be China's first ideological theory that tries to build a light and heavy currency system.It lays the premise for the formation of the currency system in the traditional Chinese society, that is, a stable currency system is composed of two types of currency, light and heavy.

The currency in the pre-Qin period could not form a unified and complete currency system due to its obvious independence and separatism.However, the monetary system formed during the Qin and Han Dynasties was relatively stable and lasted for hundreds of years.

But there were two major changes during this period.One is Wang Mang’s reform of the ancient system, which led to the chaos of the currency system; the other is the change of the main and auxiliary coins at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Gold withdrew from the currency system, and an important part of the currency structure began to be missing. The main currency began to be borne by physical currency.

The reason for this change is generally believed by later generations to be caused by the low tide of commodity economy development.And the deeper reasons behind it are also being explored.This change in the currency structure also heralded the disintegration of the gold and copper currency system in the Qin and Han Dynasties.The "first peak" of China's commodity economy has also begun to trough.

The period from Wei, Jin to the middle of Tang Dynasty was a relatively chaotic period in the history of Chinese currency.Wang Shengduo called it an era of "decline and regression".From the perspective of the monetary system, this period can be described as abnormal.

Although the turbulent period of more than 300 years has a relatively important position in Chinese history, the monetary system has gone on an extremely unstable path.

First of all, the types of currency are filled with food and cloth; secondly, the currency system is also in chaos, such as the prevalence of big money and bad money, and many names of currency have also emerged.According to historical records, "it will not sink into the water, and it will be broken easily"; finally, the currency system is constantly changing. In 221 AD, the state of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period issued a decree to officially stop the five baht coin, "making the people use grain and silk as currency".

The replacement of metal currency by physical currency is undoubtedly a retrogression of history.Although the status of copper coins was restored in the later turbulent historical period, they have always played the role of sporadic and private transactions.The currency system composed of grain, silk and copper coins is also unstable. According to historical records, iron coins began to be minted during the period of Emperor Wu of Liang, and even the use of gold and silver was also found in records, which shows the instability of the currency system. .

The currencies of the Sui and Tang Dynasties tended to be stable with the development of the economy.The Sui Dynasty resumed the use of five baht coins, and at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the copper coins marked by the year name stepped onto the stage of history, and brother Kong Fang also entered its heyday.

Mr. Li Xun once demonstrated that even in the period of high economic development in the Tang Dynasty, it was an era of "money and silk".According to historical records, in the 22nd year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 734): "From now on, the horses in the Zhuangzhaikou are traded, and silk cloth, silk, silk, silk weft, etc. are first used, and the market price of the rest is more than [-], which also costs money. Use both things, offenders will be punished."

This clearly stipulates that silk products such as silk and silk are mainly used for large-value transactions, so it can be seen that the main currency is physical currency such as silk and silk.But from the perspective of the monetary system, the replacement of metal currency by physical currency cannot make up for the lack of monetary system structure since the Eastern Han Dynasty.And this absence, in turn, has major political, economic and social implications.

The emergence of "money shortage" in the Tang Dynasty is an obvious example, and it was even more serious in the Song Dynasty.There are many discussions about the "money shortage".Gao Yushi knows that the "money shortage" is mainly due to the lack of copper coins in circulation, but the reasons are complex.

Some scholars in later generations pointed out: "The change of the government's taxation policy cannot but be said to be the direct cause of the 'money shortage', but its deeper reason lies in the particularity of the development of the commodity currency economy in feudal society.

That is, in the process of circulation and concentration of commodity money redistribution, a large amount of money was hoarded by landlords, officials, and businessmen.During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the economy developed rapidly, and the so-called 'Tang and Song social changes' appeared.

Gao Yushi basically agrees with this point of view, that is, since the middle of the Tang Dynasty, land with high value began to enter the commodity market, together with the circulation of bulk items such as silk, tea, salt, and iron.Obviously, the use of physical currency is difficult to meet this demand, and the supply of copper coins is not only insufficient, but also the value of this currency is not great.Therefore, the "money shortage" is not difficult to understand.

From the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms to the early Song Dynasty, the monetary system composed of copper coins as the main currency and iron, lead, tin and other base metals was difficult to adapt to the growing commodity economy. Therefore, the emergence of paper money was not accidental.

Although the direct cause of Jiaozi is the inconvenience of iron money transactions, from the perspective of stabilizing the currency system, even without the addition of banknotes, there will be currency forms with higher value.

From this perspective, paper money and base metal money together constituted a new monetary system.Although the Yuan Dynasty used a pure paper money structure, the structure of the monetary system until the middle of the Ming Dynasty was composed of paper money and base metal money.

Of course, since the beginning of paper money, all dynasties have been troubled by the currency problem or currency crisis of this currency.Someone once pointed out that it was the unrestrained issuance of banknotes that ruined the Zhao and Song Dynasties.

The currency crisis of the Jin and Yuan dynasties led to the collapse of the economy, and the paper money was also to blame.It is estimated that during the 160-year rule of the Southern Song Dynasty, the inflation rate reached 34 billion times.During the Golden Kingdom period, the price ratio between silver and banknotes also increased by 6000 million times.In the Yuan Dynasty, the price of rice at the end of the Yuan Dynasty was [-] to [-] times higher than that at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty.

The reason, although more complex, may be an extremely important reason due to military pressure and the unique power mechanism of traditional society, which lead to imperfect banknote issuance system and management. .

However, Gao Wuzhen’s current thinking is that the nearly 20 years of the Ming Dynasty’s development, coupled with the rise of Jinghua and the participation of Xungui Capital, have actually made silver, that is, precious metals, more concentrated in the upper echelons of the ruling class.In other words... it seems that a new paper currency under the silver standard can be considered.
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(End of this chapter)