Daming Yuanfu

Chapter 1614 Overture to War ([-]) Tumen's Expedition
Since Wai Khalkha surrendered to Chahar in an all-round way, the land in the north of the Great Wall was suddenly full of mountains and rains.From north to south, from west to east, from Helin to Guihua, from Liaodong to Yehe, they all began to prepare for war, and Chahanhot, which was in the eye of the storm, was naturally no exception.

Saiyin Khan led [-] main forces in Waikhka Abadai to go south and met with Zhasak Tutumen Khan, the Great Khan of Mongolia, in Chahanhot.Tumen Khan treated the king of Waikarkha magnanimously, bestowing [-] heads of cattle, [-] sheep, [-] pairs of high-grade iron pedals, [-] pieces of Ming-made cloth, and [-] Ming-made Liaodong new-style cotton clothes. and some daily necessities.

Although the Mongols were never polite during the civil war, the tradition of hospitality is not a joke. Immediately after the two sides met, there was a carnival of wine and meat, which was roughly "cooking sheep and slaughtering cattle for fun, and drinking three hundred cups at a time". that level.

But then Tumen Khan's performance made Abadai Saiyin Khan a little puzzled, because Tumen Khan said that he would take him to visit "The Secrets of Raising Horses by the Ming People".

What the hell?
In the matter of raising horses, the Ming people still have something to talk about secrets in front of the Mongols?

Abadai Sai Yin Khan looked at Tumen Da Khan with something wrong, and it seemed that he cared for the mentally retarded.

Arriving at a horse farm that was obviously specially built, Abadai Saiyin Khan looked at the two batches of forty horses introduced to him by Brihatu on behalf of Tumen Khan, and said in a daze: "These two batches of horses are There were ten male horses and ten female horses, and among them there were five male and female horses and young horses, but Ben Khan did not see any difference between the two groups of horses when he was in power."

Brihatu smiled and said: "King Khan's eyes are like a torch, the two batches of horses are indeed almost the same... Don't worry, King Khan, what I want to say is based on this point: the one on the left is the one we fed with the old Mongolian method. , the forage accounts for the vast majority, but a small part needs to use concentrate, and the cost has never been high; the right side is fed by the new method of the Ming Dynasty, and the forage only accounts for a little more than half, and the rest should be said to be concentrate. .”

Abadai Saiyin Khan immediately looked relaxed, and laughed: "The Ming people are still so stupid, and the horses that have been raised with a lot of money can only reach the level of simple feeding for us Mongolians."

Brihatu didn't smile, but sighed, and said, "We've done the math. Ming people raised horses in this way in Liaodong, and it's a little cheaper than ours in Mongolia. The difference is not big, but a male From the time a horse is born until it is ready for service, it can probably save one or two taels of silver, and a female horse can save about one or two or four to one or two five taels of silver."

Abadai Saiyin Khan was taken aback, and then looked suspicious: "How is this possible? Aren't they fed so much concentrate?"

"It is true that they feed more concentrates. Although their feeding timing is not very good, a lot of concentrates are actually wasted, but the problem is that their concentrates are getting cheaper and cheaper, which makes them more expensive than ours. save money."

Brihatu asked: "Has King Khan ever heard of Liaodong corn? It's the topaz-like things that were presented at the banquet just now."

"Oh, that thing is called corn? The name is quite appropriate. Ben Khan seems to have eaten a handful or two just now, and it's quite fresh and sweet." It seems that what he ate was corn kernels, and it sounds like it might just be boiled. The corn kernels are then manually peeled.

Brihatu said in a deep voice: "This product can replace eggs and other things and become the main concentrate for horses, but its price is very cheap, only [-]% of rice and [-]% of flour, which is much lower than eggs—of course , Feeding corn as a concentrate is still a lot more than feeding eggs, but the total feeding cost I have just told King Khan, it is a little cheaper than us."

"How can it be so cheap? Corn corn, shouldn't it sound like a very expensive kind of rice?" Abadai Saiyinhan was puzzled: "Is there any misunderstanding here? Or maybe this thing is a kind of rice. Plant...something like wild vegetables?"

"Otherwise, this product can be planted." Burihatu said: "It is said that Ming people got it from overseas, and Gao Wushi introduced it to Liaodong to promote planting. Since Gao Wushi also promoted the cold-resistant rice in Liaodong, Therefore, some people in Liaodong now call the cold-resistant rice "Gao Gongmi" and the corn "Gao Gongyu" to praise his contribution to Liaodong."

Abadai Saiyinhan heard it, and couldn't help frowning, and asked, "How many catties can one mu of land harvest from planting this corn?"

"According to our detailed work report, most of the corn fields currently promoted in Liaodong have a yield of about eight or nine hundred catties per mu, and some trial planting areas have reached a thousand catties, and I have also heard that people in Jinghua are doing seed selection and seedling cultivation. They think that in the future It can be achieved that the yield per mu of all corn fields can reach more than [-] jin."

"How could it be so high!" Abadai Saiyin Khan was taken aback.Qianjin, isn't this too exaggerated?
In fact, this is not an exaggeration at all, because the yield of corn per mu in later generations is much higher than this. The yield of corn per mu in the southern region is more than 900 kilograms, and the yield in high-altitude areas is about 500 kilograms. Specifically, in the northeast region, the yield is generally 500 kilograms. Between -750 kg.

In other words, the American corn directly introduced at present has not been particularly well adapted to the climatic conditions of Daming, especially the climatic conditions of Liaodong. There is still a lot of room for improvement in seed selection and breeding.

As Burihatu mentioned before, the use of corn with a relatively high ratio as a concentrate in Liaodong to replace relatively expensive eggs and other items was also made by Gao Yushi himself and confessed to the experiment.The main reason for this is that corn itself is actually an energy feed. In later generations, it is generally not supplemented with protein as the main function.

In fact, the protein quality of corn is slightly poor, and the content of several essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan is low. For example, the content of lysine in corn is 0.24%, and the content of tryptophan is 0%.The reason is that most of the corn protein is zein, and its quality is lower than that of cereal protein.Therefore, when later generations actually use it, they are usually mixed with other high-protein raw materials such as bean cakes, rather than used alone.

However, although the price of bean cakes in Liaodong is not particularly high, it is not particularly low, so Jinghua only mixes a small amount of bean cakes in the feed system.But it should be noted that the above standards are the standards of later generations. Compared with the current situation of Ming Dynasty, they are definitely high standards and strict requirements. Except for the favorite horses of senior generals, almost none of them can meet them.

In addition to protein, other aspects of corn are almost outstanding, such as the particularly high available energy value.Corn has the highest available energy among cereal seeds, and its metabolizable energy is 14.06MJ/kg, and the highest one can reach 15.06MJ/kg.This is because the corn crude fiber content is low, only up to 2%, and the nitrogen-free extract is as high as 72%, and the corn contains high starch, and the digestibility is very high; in addition, the corn contains more fat, which is about 4%, which is the main source of wheat, etc. Twice that of wheat seeds, so the available energy of corn is the highest among cereal seeds.

As for others such as linoleic acid, minerals, vitamins, etc., corn also performed well, but there is no need to elaborate on this. After all, good energy performance is a veritable "concentrate" in this era, because it means Then you can eat less and do more.

In addition, Brihatu has not mentioned another major event about corn, or Jinghua's ongoing research: the research on the utilization of corn stalks.

In fact, corn stalks also have great value. Corn stalks can be silage or directly fed.In later generations, the country produces more than 2000 billion kilograms of corn stalks every year, which is a huge source of feed.As far as herbivores are concerned, especially after silage, yellowing, ammoniation and saccharification of corn stalks, the utilization rate can be greatly improved, and the benefits will be even more considerable.

Of course, too high-end technology and high pragmatism do not understand, and Jinghua is not so professional, so the current main research direction is silage.Silage is not a new technology, only the material has changed a bit at the moment, and it is expected that the solution time will not be too long.

If this problem can be solved, the feed supply capacity of Liaodong can be greatly improved. At that time, it is very likely that people will eat corn and horses will eat straw, and the situation will be almost perfect.

But even in the current situation, Abadai Saiyin Khan couldn't help feeling a little nervous.The reason why the Mongols were able to form a strategic threat to the Han people was that the cavalry was the main factor.In other words, horse supply is the main objective factor.So once the cost of raising horses by the Ming people can be reduced to be lower than that of the Mongols, where can this advantage come from?

However, Brihatu comforted him and told him that although Da Ming has gained the upper hand in fine horse materials because of his high-level pragmatism, the Ming people still have not been able to completely solve the grassland problem, so although the current situation is urgent, But there is still a possibility of recovery.

Of course, Abadai Saiyin Khan had never heard of the term window period, but it didn’t mean he couldn’t understand the reason behind it.The Ming people now only lack grasslands. If they continue to "restore" control of the Saibei grasslands like they restored Daning City, once the grasslands are no longer restricted, the Mongols' cavalry advantage will disappear sooner or later.

At that time, the Ming army had advantages in numbers, equipment, and even arms. So what other hopes did the Mongols have besides submitting obediently?Do you expect them all to die?
Seeing that Abadai Saiyin Khan's complexion was gloomy step by step, and eventually it was as black as the bottom of a pot. Burihatu knew that the fire was coming, and sighed: "The general situation is already in danger, but my Mongolian right wing still regards the thief as the father and helps the evil one. The dispute is by no means a dispute between the Ming people and Chahar, but actually a dispute between the Han people and the Mongols.

Mongolia is so divided, and there are still many ministries who do not obey the orders of the Great Khan, thinking that it is enough to rely on the breath of the Han people and eat a bite of leftovers.They didn't know that if Chahar was defeated, the whole Mongolia would be defeated.I am afraid that the Mongols in the future will want to rely on the breath of the Han people, because they have completely handed over the power of life and death to the Han people. "

Brihatu's words were obviously intended to be alarmist. After all, he only analyzed the balance of power in his words, but did not analyze the cost of ruling.Even if all highly pragmatic plans can be implemented smoothly, it is impossible for the Han people to really kill and kill, and they still have to pay attention to the art of governance, that is, political ability.

Politics is the art of compromise, what do you call rule after killing them all?Talking about high pragmatism would not have such an idea, even the Ming court, which has always gone to extremes in related policies and ideas, would not exaggerate to this extent.

What's more, the most pragmatic thing is to centralize Mongolia. How can the coreization be carried out by creating two enemies who regard each other as deadly enemies?Brihatu didn't even believe what he said, but it didn't prevent him from saying it to frighten a traditional prince like Abadai Saiyin Khan with a low political level.

Sure enough, after listening to Burihatu's words, Abadai Saiyin Khan even called "the ruling wisdom", and said that the ministries of Wai Khalkha must be completely obeyed by the Great Khan, and he was willing to do his best to persuade Ru Neika Elkha is equal to the tribe with which it is related.At the same time, he reiterated his commitment to Tumen Khan again: this battle must go all out, all for Mongolia, for Genghis Khan!

Although it is difficult for Burihatu to determine how much water is in these words, Burihatu still praised Abadai Saiyinhan.The two sides reminisced about the glory of Mongolia in the past, and then left the horse farm as close as before.

The next day, Tumen Khan held a big sacrifice before the expedition and "burned the pipa".There is no need to say more about sacrifices. The Han people used to make sacrifices frequently. The so-called "the great affairs of the country are sacrifices to the soldiers." However, there were very few sacrifices for military expeditions in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

But the Mongols are different. Since Genghis Khan, they have attached great importance to sacrifices, and there is a key item in the sacrifices about the expedition, which is "burning pipa".

"Burning a pipa" is not really burning a pipa, but burning animal bones, generally speaking, burning sheep bones.Anyone who is familiar with that period of history knows that when Genghis Khan unified the Mongolian desert, the entire Mongolian plateau was still in the period of slave society, at least much behind the Central Plains dynasty.Therefore, in terms of sacrifices, the Mongols have obvious traces of a slave society, and they are keen on animal bone divination, which is the so-called "burning pipa".

There is such a record in "Black Tartar Stories": "Its divination is to burn the bones of the sheep, check the reversibility of its texture, and distinguish its good and bad. Heaven abandons heaven, and it is determined by this. Believe it very earnestly, so it is called If you burn the pipa, everything will be taken care of.”

Before each expedition, Genghis Khan would ask his favorite minister Yelu Chucai to perform the ceremony of "burning the pipa".Once the results are found to be unsatisfactory, military operations will be stopped.Although such behavior may seem ridiculous in later generations, it was a very serious and solemn thing in that era.

So, how to judge good or bad?According to records, Genghis Khan asked the slaves around him to burn the sheep bones, and showed them to him after they were burned black. If they saw that the cracks on them were vertical and straight lines, they could take military action; if the bones were cracked horizontally, Or break into pieces, you need to wait for the opportunity to make a decision.

The mutton bones had already been burned, and Tumen Khan waited quietly on the throne, and the Taiji and generals who participated in the sacrifice also stood in awe, waiting for the decision of heaven.

Not long after, the sheep bones were brought back and presented directly to Tumen Khan for inspection.Tumen Khan opened the wooden box where the "Pipa" was placed and took a look, with no expression on his face.

He closed his eyes first, then stood up slowly, opened his eyes wide suddenly, and shouted: "Fate is determined, let's go!"
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PS: The last chapter was blocked again, I hope readers have read it, because I am too lazy to apply for unbanning.

(End of this chapter)