Daming Yuanfu

Chapter 1879 The Sword Points at Dongying (卌六) Zhang Wanbang's Domineering Qi
Zhang Wanbang was shooting at the shooting range when he received the news that Quan Li on Luyuanling outside the city requested to enter the city.

Target shooting is one of his recent hobbies. Apart from the fact that many generals are gradually feeling the military reform—that is, the trend of the military’s comprehensive weaponization, there is also an important reason that the Jinghua Ordnance Industry Group’s A small number of experimental weapons were provided in the war to test their performance in actual combat.

Zhang Wanbang, as one of the top representative generals in Gao's platoon, is most interested in the new-generation standard infantry musket: the code-named Wanli Type [-] flintlock rifle, referred to as the Wanli Type [-].

It has been more than 20 years since Wanli Type [-] made its debut compared to Wanli Type [-]. After such a long time, a new generation of standard muskets was launched. What progress has the new muskets made?It is with such enthusiasm that Zhang Wanbang has been shooting intensively recently and experienced it himself.

As a general whose greatest achievements in several battles came from the musket formation, Zhang Wanbang's understanding of muskets is absolutely outstanding in this era, and naturally he is also very clear about the problems of muskets, the main weapon.

It was not Zhang Wanbang's turn to comment on the problems that existed before the appearance of Wanli II, but someone once summed it up perfectly.Qi Jiguang clearly pointed out in "Records of Military Training":
"The only thing I'm good at is firearms, but firearms are also sick. For example, a battalion of three thousand troops is full of firearms, but there are only three thousand rods, and they will be sent to four camps temporarily, with only six hundred rods on each side. There are not so many battalions, and I dare not give up all [-] strokes at once, thinking about what to do next. Only five classes are scored, each class is less than [-] strokes.

On the occasion of the battle, life and death are only in front of your eyes, everyone's face is yellow and mouth is dry, nervous and trembling, or they put the lead in first, or forget to put the lead in, the mouth is crooked and different in size, the lead does not fit the mouth, and it is also sharp and slanted There are different sizes, some can't be put into the mouth temporarily, some are only on the mouth, some have a big mouth and a small mouth and flow out when it is released, some can't twist the medicinal thread, and some can twist it with the guide spit, and some can extinguish the fire thread, None of this kind can be released, and there are already twenty rods.

There are more than forty rods that are not allowed to be released, and those that are wet and non-combustible.Those who win are no more than twenty strokes.There are his legs and horse's legs inside, which are not fatal, and he cannot be beaten to death.Among them, there were only a dozen people who died at his fatal place.

If thousands of enemies rush forward, how can you kill more than ten people and make them go away?It is now that the princes and I have not gone out, and have not seen the enemy, we have already lost. "

What is the main problem pointed out by Qi Jiguang here?First of all, the fully musket-oriented troops can only form a square formation when encountering the enemy, otherwise they have to worry about being turned around by the enemy to attack the flanks, but in this way, the number of muskets that can be allocated to each side is too small, and they dare not shoot all at once. , otherwise the firepower would be interrupted, and once he was intruded—he was guiding the Beijing camp’s military training at the time, and the imaginary enemy was the Mongolian cavalry—then the entire army would be wiped out.

This issue is almost the "firepower density" issue that Gao Pragmatically emphasized most in the reform of firearms.The firepower density is the number of ammunition fired within a certain period of time and with a certain number of weapons.The more ammunition fired, the greater the firepower density, and vice versa.

But here we need to continue to look at other reasons why Qi Jiguang believed that the firepower density of the Ming army's weaponized troops was seriously insufficient at that time, that is, the loading problem.

Qi Jiguang said that soldiers are usually very nervous before the battle. At this time, the projectile (that is, the lead he said) and the muzzle of the gun are different in size and crooked. The loaded projectiles were not tightened tightly, and once the muzzle drooped, they could still flow out along the barrel, or the lead wire was not installed properly after loading, resulting in the fire being extinguished and so on.

Although these situations are accidental, they are actually very common in actual combat, which seriously affects combat.On this basis, plus the musketeer's poor shooting skills, or even hitting the enemy but not hitting the vital point, etc., the actual combat effectiveness of the pure firearms troops at that time was very worrying.

The appearance of Wanli II style has brought a qualitative leap in solving the above problems.It adopts the flintlock ignition method, which directly avoids a series of problems in loading the fuse (that is, the matchlock of the matchlock gun), and the use of paper shell fixed charge greatly reduces the difficulty of charging and greatly improves the success of charging. rate and pass rate, and improve the loading speed.

It can be said that even if the level of Jinghua Wanli II is pushed back another 100 years, it will not be outdated at all.However, this is not the reason why Gao Pragmatism has not "guided" a new generation of rifles for 20 years.

The reason why it has been delayed for so long is actually not because there is a problem with Gao Pragmatism's guiding ideology for the next-generation rifle, but because there is a problem with the "standardization" issue that he has always emphasized.Or in other words, some things just need a certain amount of time to settle.

What's up?Cultivate a new generation of advanced craftsmen with new thinking patterns. These craftsmen must not only be able to thoroughly understand the techniques of their predecessors, but also must be proficient in the use of new weights and measures.

What is the new weights and measures?It is the meters, decimeters, centimeters, and millimeters that Gao Yushi has always wanted to develop, because he feels that it is difficult to produce high-precision standardization with Daming's current standards.

It is obviously very difficult to create a new set of weights and measures, especially when it is not convenient for him to reform this issue at the national level. Therefore, he needs the Jinghua Craftsman School to train batches of new students, so that these students can use it in the follow-up In the work, this new type of weight and measure was widely promoted until it formed the actual standard in the military industry system.

What is the first-class enterprise selling standard?That's it.

You want to make the best weapon, learn from me!Come on, come on, first take this set of standards and learn from them, and then we can continue to discuss after learning.

So, what is the progress of Wanli Sanshi now compared to Wanli II?The biggest advantage is to continue to strengthen "standardization".

Adopting the latest unified standard Wanli Type [-], there are higher standards for the processing accuracy of each component, and this time not only the standards for the firearm itself are strictly regulated, but also the production of projectiles is also required.

Wanli Type [-] no longer allows the use of various "self-made lead", that is, self-made projectiles, but requires the full use of standard projectiles produced by Jinghua itself or authorized by Jinghua to ensure that it will not appear too large or too small, or even crooked. Projectiles cause various launch failure situations.

The same is true for gunpowder. On the premise of continuing to use paper shell fixed powder, Wanli Sanshi is required to use only gunpowder produced by Jinghua itself or authorized by Jinghua.

These gunpowder are packed in paper shells, but one of the leading technologies is "paper shells".Hey, wasn’t the second Wanli formula just a paper case before? How can this paper case still have advanced technology?
The answer is that this time, the Wanli Sanshi’s paper shell fixed medicine uses nitrated paper, which is no longer the ordinary paper used before.

Where is the difference?To put it simply, the previous ordinary paper shell needs to be cleared after firing a shot, otherwise the slow-burning paper residue remaining in the barrel will directly ignite the next bullet, and may even cause casualties to the user.

However, nitrocellulose is different. It—well, it also needs to be cleared, but it doesn't have to be cleared every time, but it can be cleared after several rounds in a row.

Although it seems that this progress is not big, but for actual combat, this progress is actually very big.Because in the current field battlefield in East Asia, after several rounds of volleys from the Ming army, the possibility of the opponent not collapsing is actually very low-if it is not collapsing, then you should clear your chest and fight again. !

Of course, when playing with cardboard shells, the front-end technology is gunpowder granulation technology.However, this problem has almost been solved in the era of Wanli Ershi, but this time there is also a slight improvement.The progress is that the average size of the granulation has been adjusted again, and the manufacturing process has also improved, making the difference in particle size smaller-that is, each small particle of gunpowder has become more "about the same size".

Not every progress in science and technology can show a cross-generational performance. Many advancements are cumulative, and the same is true for the progress of Wanli Sanshi compared to Wanli II.

According to the battlefield performance of the Wanli II Type for so many years, the general reaction of the military in various towns is that the range is long enough, the accuracy is not much, but the lethality is slightly insufficient.

Therefore, when it comes to Wanli Type [-], it is more inclined to large caliber and low muzzle velocity compared to Wanli Type [-], which means that its long-distance shooting accuracy will decrease, but its power will increase a lot (including gunpowder efficiency. The reason for the improvement), and the decline in accuracy is still within an acceptable range - and the army does not play sniping, and the accuracy of playing volley guns is definitely enough.

During this period of time, Zhang Wanbang not only shot repeatedly by himself, but also practiced shooting with the whole army, and obtained quite good data. He believes that these data will definitely be taken seriously when submitted, and he may be rewarded with a batch of new muskets for his achievements at that time— — which is one of the reasons why he is so enthusiastic.

After receiving Quan Li's request to enter the city, Zhang Wanbang was not in a hurry. He came out of the shooting range by himself, took the face towel handed by his servant and wiped off his sweat, then turned his head and told his relatives: "The training in the shooting range remains the same, and each department takes turns. In training and shooting, test firearms with a five-foot-high and two-foot-wide human-shaped wooden sign at eighty paces, seven out of ten rounds is the best."

After a pause, he added: "As for the rewards and punishments, if you hit one of the three bullets, you will be equal;

If you miss once, you will get three sticks; if you miss twice, you will get six sticks; if you miss three times, you will get nine sticks;Those who do not want to hit will be fined [-]% for one time, one point for two times, and one and a half cents for three times. "

The confidant clasped his fists solemnly: "Yes, join the army." Zhang Wanbang is actually a guerrilla general with the rank of a general, but his subordinates naturally want to call him the best, so they called him "Jan Rong."

"Just now what did Quan Li want to do? He wants to go to the city?" Zhang Wanbang walked to his seat and sat down, grabbed the letter sent by Quan Li and read it. At this time, there was no such thing as Korean characters Such a thing, of course it is all in Chinese, he seems to have no problem.

Not long after reading the letter, Zhang Wanbang laughed a few times inexplicably "humming", and the cronies around him asked, "Why is Shen Rong laughing?"

Zhang Wanbang snorted and turned into a sneer, shook his head and said: "This guy wants to play a trick to pretend not to be crazy, to hide the truth, but he didn't know that Lord Hou had already confessed to me, and Admiral Ma also repeatedly told me that no matter what happens, during my defense of the city All must adhere to one unshakable:
This Hanyang city can only be garrisoned by my Da Ming soldiers, and the rest, whether they are the Korean army, the Jurchen army or other rebels, can only be left to wait outside the city for me!

Quan Li wants to enter Hanyang?Yes, of course, let him attack the city, sir, I will wait here, and I want to see how much he, the Marshal of the North Korean capital, weighs! "

The confidant who sent the message was a little speechless, and smiled apologetically: "San Rong, North Korea is a loyal vassal after all, and Quan Li is the Marshal of the North Korean capital. Is this reply... slightly inappropriate? Or, let's change the wording?"

Zhang Wanbang leaned back in his chair, raised Erlang's legs, grunted twice, and said reluctantly: "You mean to give them some face, right? Hey, let me say it, face is something like that. All earned by themselves.

Look at Dong Zongrong, he was also a veteran of my Ming Dynasty before, and his combat achievements are much more than that of my younger generation, but this time when he went to fight Xianxing, he made such a big mistake. Thousands of people!

Let me think about it, isn't this the biggest loss in a single battle for the generals under Lord Hou's command?So you see, Dong Zongrong himself was in a hurry, and the whole army hurriedly sent out troops to pursue Katsushige Nabeshima again after less than five days of rest, and Quan Li, a Korean, dared to disobey his order-this was because of the fighting. It's too bad, it's really embarrassing. "

Zhang Wanbang is General Xuan, and he has a good relationship with Dong Yiyuan. The two families have an in-law relationship. They even call Dong Shishu when they meet in private. However, he has such a personality, so he dares to say something.

The confidant Ding smiled and said: "I think it's an old horse stumbled, it's just an accident. How can Quan Li be compared with Dong Zongrong? Can you say so?"

"That's true." Zhang Wanbang snorted softly, and said, "I've learned about Quan Li's record, but he just defended a Japanese attack in a small town on a mountain with dangerous terrain. The main reason is that he took advantage of the terrain. However, the Japanese pirates had an army but could not use it.

In addition, the Japanese pirates couldn't figure out the movement of our heavenly soldiers, and we were afraid that they would attack, but we suddenly descended from heaven to rescue Quan Li, so we withdrew immediately after the attack was frustrated.

In the final analysis, Quan Li's battle was completely a bargain, so he waited for the Japanese pirates to withdraw, so he packed up his things and left in a hurry?If you are really capable, then you can just wait for the Japanese pirates to come again in Hangju Mountain City, why don’t you dare?With such terrain conditions, if it were Lao Tzu, as long as the supplies were sufficient, Lao Tzu would be nailed there and wait for the Japanese pirates to come and die. "

All the servants laughed, this time it was not flattery, but they all felt that what Zhang Wanbang said was the truth.The characteristic of their Zhang family army is that they are particularly capable of defending. This is true for positional warfare, and the same is true for city defense—no, it should be said that they are even less afraid.

In particular, they had already obtained information before they were transferred to North Korea, and they knew that Japanese pirates were better at bird guns and shorter than artillery.Bird guns are easy to use in field battles, and they are also good for defending cities, but they are not enough for attacking cities.

According to the new ideas instilled in the high-level military reform, artillery is most needed for siege. The more powerful the better, not only the effect of smashing the city wall directly is better, but even the firing of thousands of cannons to deter the enemy itself is a great weapon.

The continuous bombardment of large-caliber heavy artillery can seriously damage the morale of the enemy army. In severe cases, it can cause the morale of the enemy army to collapse, and they will collapse without fighting. It's kind of like that.

Zhang Wanbang waved his hand at this moment, and said: "Tell Quan Li that I will be ordered to defend the city, and the military order obtained is not to allow any troops other than the Ming army to enter Hanyang. He wants to go to the city to meet the king of Joseon. It's easy to do. Going to town alone is...

Forget it, I am a very kind person, and I have accommodated him, allowing him to bring no more than ten servants with him.Just tell him so.Oh, by the way, inform the various ministries to cancel the rotation, and keep preparing for battle at any time. "
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(End of this chapter)