I really just want to be a scholar

Jiang Zhenjie, Hua Manting, Gan Peixuan and other physics students have chosen different majors. Most of them are in fluid mechanics, optics, superconducting materials, etc. There is really no major in particle physics.

However, the tutor has made extremely dazzling achievements in particle physics, solving world-class problems such as "Yang-Mills existence and mass gap", and successfully calculated the precise value of the W boson mass. Naturally, It aroused their great interest and attention in particle physics, and almost everyone has seriously studied the basic knowledge of particle physics by themselves.

At this time, when they heard that Qin Ke had actually solved a very important problem in the "Unification of Physics", "Unification of Strong Electricity", all the students were amazed and admired and wanted to understand the mystery - after all, as long as they are college students studying physics, they can Those who were not curious and yearned for the "Unity of Physics" coaxed Qin Ke to explain something to them.

Qin Ke smiled and said, "Are you sure you want to listen?"

All the students said in unison: "Yes!"

Qin Ke yawned: "Okay, but I'm a little tired now, so Qingyun will tell you."

Ning Qingyun blinked: "But I still don't know how you solved the paradox of supersymmetry contradiction."

"There is a complete calculation process on the desk. You can read it in half an hour."

Qin Ke was indeed exhausted. The "Inspiration Amplification State" consumed a lot of physical energy and energy. After finishing lunch, he squinted for nearly two and a half hours before he managed to regain some energy.

When he returned to the hall, he saw Ning Qingyun holding an erasable pen and writing on a large whiteboard while explaining the content of the paper to the students.

Qin Xiaoke also came to listen, pushing the strollers of Xiaoxiao and Zhengzheng. In the words of the little girl, the two babies should receive the most top academic education from an early age - but the two babies have always been While sleeping soundly, Qin Xiaoke himself felt drowsy.

"To sum up, our paper is still just a mathematical paper, because most of the content is how to improve the gauge field theory and Yang-Meiers theory from a mathematical perspective, and supplement and improve them into a'new type of quantum theory. Gauge Field Theory', and proposed a new model based on this theory, successfully transforming the mathematical expressions of electromagnetic force and strong interaction force, so that both forces are included in a unified mathematical framework... Okay, do you have any questions?" Ning Qingyun looked around at everyone and asked.

The students present looked at me and saw the confusion in each other's eyes.

They can all be said to be the best in mathematics and physics, but none of them can understand more than one-third, let alone ask questions.

Sun Bingfei rubbed his forehead and smiled bitterly: "At this moment, I doubt whether what I am listening to is mathematics. As a graduate student majoring in mathematics from Brother Ke's sister-in-law, listening to these explanations is like listening to a book from heaven. I feel extremely embarrassed."

Jiang Xiaopang, who had always been smiling, now looked sad: "No wonder physicists who are not good at mathematics are not real physicists. I really believe it now. Professor Witten, the great master of physics, is the winner of the Philippine Prize. Brother Ke and My sister-in-law is also a Philippine Prize winner, so their physics skills are so good.”

Ning Qingyun said warmly: "I am not trying to hit you, but to make you truly realize that mathematics is the foundation of all science subjects. No matter which subdivision field you develop in the future, you cannot relax in the study of mathematics. Qin Ke and I are giving A large number of mathematical theory books have been added to the list of guidance textbooks for each physics student, which is also based on this idea. A partial differential equation, a probability theory, a functional analysis, and a mathematical modeling are all things that a physics student must be familiar with. of."

Qin Ke couldn't help but applaud. His little cabbage was becoming more and more like a mentor. His applause was met with a shy and coquettish eye roll from Ning Qingyun. Of course, he still looked so beautiful. Just cute.

The students also applauded enthusiastically.

In the end, the students still failed to understand what the mathematical theoretical framework of "unification of strong electricity" was, but they were successfully aroused in their enthusiasm for learning mathematics, or in other words, their determination to learn mathematics was strengthened.

……

Qin Ke agrees with Ning Qingjun's point of view. The unfinished paper "Theoretical Framework for Unifying the Strong Interaction Force and Electromagnetic Force with a New Quantum Gauge Field Theory" takes up too much mathematics, so it is more appropriate to call it a mathematics paper. However, What it has to solve after all is a physical problem, which must be converted from mathematics to physics before this paper is completed.

Any new physical theory, especially a physical theoretical framework based on mathematical calculations, must be experimentally demonstrated and supplemented with final experimental results and experimental data before it can convince the physics community.

Otherwise, this paper will only be published in the top journals in mathematics - just like Edward Witten, the great master of string theory, who won the Fields Medal but missed the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Qin Ke is not particularly good at experimental aspects of particle physics. Although he has experimental theoretical knowledge systematically transmitted to him, he has never practiced it, and has not even seen the Large Hadron Collider.

Fortunately, CERN conducted a series of Large Hadron Collider experiments at the beginning of this year, and Qin Ke was able to obtain the data needed to verify this paper from some of the publicly available data in these experiments.

The next day, he and Ning Qingyun preliminarily verified this "unified theory of strong electricity" based on these data.However, if you want to use these data in your paper and obtain detailed experimental data to further verify your theory, you must obtain authorization from CERN.

Neither Qin Ke nor Ning Qingyun had such connections, but their partner Professor Edward Witten did.

So Qin Ke called Professor Witten, and the usual custom at the beginning was greetings.

"We are currently still at the Chang'an History Museum. In the past week, we have visited more than a dozen areas and attractions around here, but today it is too hot outside, so we will visit the indoor history museum instead."

Professor Witten is still very energetic. This old man often travels around the world with his wife and is in great health.

"As far as we can see, water shortages have begun to occur in many places in the Xia Kingdom, such as Chang'an City where we are currently. However, because reservoirs were built everywhere in April, and it coincided with the continuous spring rain, the reservoirs were all full. You don’t really need to worry about water shortages.” Professor Witten sighed: “Qin Ke, you and Xiao Ning have really done a great thing for the people of Xia.”

Qin Ke has naturally been paying attention to droughts in various places and has more detailed reports in hand, but listening to Professor Witten's first-hand experience "information" still gave him a sense of accomplishment.

This drought is far from over, but because Xia Guo responded in advance, the disaster situation is generally controllable, especially in the water-scarce northwest region. Once the Qinghai Lake freshwater plant is actually put into operation, it should receive great benefits. relieved.

However, Qin Ke did not call just to chat with Professor Witten. After asking the three old gentlemen and old ladies with concern about their physical conditions and travel experiences, Qin Ke turned to the topic: "Edward, our new quantum Gauge field theory' is complete."

"So fast? Has the paradox of supersymmetry been solved?"

"Solved. In fact, our original direction was right, but we went astray in the transformation of Lie algebra..."

Qin Ke briefly explained for a while. "Your idea should be right! Hey, why didn't I think of that!"

Professor Witten was surprised and delighted. This "new quantum gauge field theory" indeed had only one final obstacle left to overcome, but even if he, Qin Ke, Ning Qingjun, Mr. Qiu, and Professor Uhlenbeck were brought together, The world's top gauge field theory experts have spent nearly a month and still cannot solve the problem of supersymmetry contradiction. No matter which angle they try to verify, they will fall into a paradox.

Because he really had no clue, Professor Witten decided to travel to relax and find inspiration in nature. However, he did not expect that his inspiration did not come out, but Qin Ke had solved the problem!
He said excitedly: "I will book the fastest flight right away and I will be able to return to Qingmu University tomorrow morning!"

He invested too much energy in this topic of strong electricity unification, and regarded it as his hope of winning the Nobel Prize in Physics. When he heard that there was a major breakthrough in the topic, how could he stay in the scenic spot? Go down?

"By the way, Edward, I need your help with experimental data..."

After hearing that Qin Ke needed CERN’s experimental data authorization and more experimental data, Professor Witten just said confidently: “Leave it to me, I will definitely get these data within a week at the latest. "

After hanging up the phone, Professor Karen Uhlenbeck looked at him with curiosity. Professor Witten shrugged his shoulders and said in a relaxed tone: "'Unification of strong electricity' has been achieved, at least mathematically speaking, it has been achieved. ”

Professor Uhlenbeck was surprised: "Did Qin Ke solve the paradox problem of supersymmetry contradiction?"

"Besides him, is there another person in the world who can solve this big problem that has caused us all such headaches in such a short period of time?"

Professor Uhlenbeck was silent for a while, and then he sighed sincerely: "It's amazing. In the next decades or even centuries, the international mathematics community will probably not be able to find a mathematician who can surpass this young mathematical genius. ”

……

The next day, Professor Witten, along with his wife and fellow professor Uhlenbeck, ended their nationwide tour early and returned to Qingmu University.

Professor Witten also brought back an electronic authorization letter - the "Authorization Letter" issued by CERN, which allows the Qingning Mathematics Research Laboratory to use the Super Large Hadron Collider experimental data from the beginning of this year, but the amount of relevant data is too large. It is large, exceeding 1000TB. It is impossible to rely on transnational network transmission, and it is impossible to provide all of it. We can only wait for specific data requirements here, and CERN will cooperate to transmit this part of the data.

Qin Ke had to lament that the old man's status and connections in the international physics community were excellent, and it would be extremely difficult for anyone else to obtain such authorization and data.

The return of the three old gentlemen and old ladies coincided with the full moon wine party between Ning Yongxi and Qin Junyao.

There was no big banquet for the Full Moon Wine this time, but a few banquet tables were set up in the garden villa, and dozens of the closest elders and teachers, including Uncle Yang, Uncle Chen, Jiang Weixian, and Mr. Qiu, were invited to the banquet.

After the full moon wine, Edward Witten, Mr. Qiu, Professor Uhlenbeck and Qin Kening Qingjun sat together and carefully discussed and studied the article "Theory of Unifying the Strong Interaction Force and Electromagnetic Force with a New Quantum Gauge Field Theory" Framework" is an unfinished paper.

The three old gentlemen and old ladies all participated in the improvement of the "new quantum gauge field theory", but Professor Witten was deeply involved in the entire process and played an extremely important role in it.

Because I am very familiar with most of the content in it, this time I only need to mathematically verify the parts that Qin Ke completed.

After an hour, the verification is basically over.

"It's amazing. The supersymmetry contradiction problem that has troubled us for more than half a month without finding a breakthrough was actually solved by you in such an exquisite way. It's really amazing! Qin Ke, you are the most amazing mathematical genius I have ever seen!" Professor Witten hugged Qin Ke excitedly to celebrate.

Mr. Qiu put down his paper and said with a smile: "I have logically verified the mathematical framework theory of 'unification of strong electricity' and found no problems. Congratulations, you three have created new history!"

Even Professor Uhlenbeck smiled happily and said: "A very wonderful derivation process, especially the triple deformation between infinitesimal gauges and Lie algebras, and the integration of non-commutative gauge theory. It is exquisite and effectively solves the problem of gauge field theory and The 'perturbation' problem and the conformal anomaly problem between quantum theory. Qin, Ning, and Edward, you are the greatest mathematicians of our time!"

"You continue to praise me so much that I can fly directly to the moon."

Qin Ke's joke immediately made the three old gentlemen and ladies happy.

After recovering from the excitement, Professor Witten looked at the paper carefully again. He keenly pointed to the expression of the relationship between the strong interaction force and the electromagnetic force at the end and said:
"Based on this conclusion, we should be able to assume that there is some kind of substance, possibly even a 'string', which can not only connect photons and gluons, but also affect fermions and bosons. Yes, as long as we substitute In string theory, the mass of photons, gluons, bosons and their relationship with the Higgs field can be effectively related through these equations, and strong and weak electricity can be truly unified!"

Superstring theory is the life-long effort of Edward Witten. The more he talks about it, the more excited he becomes. The "evidence of the existence of strings" that has troubled him and the physics community for a long time seems to be about to appear before his eyes.

Qin Ke clapped his hands and praised: "Edward, your intuition is so sharp, you hit the nail on the head! This is the physical hypothesis that Qingjun and I completed later, as well as some data verification."

He smiled and handed the other dozen pages of the paper to Professor Witten. This part was in the field of particle physics. Mr. Qiu and Professor Uhlenbeck were not very good at it, and they did not come over to take a look.

After Professor Witten finished reading, Qin Kecai said: "These data analyzes are based on the measurement results of the W boson mass previously published by CERN on the website. We analyzed the values ​​of the ATLAS and CMS detectors. These values ​​show that, More than 99.99% of the values ​​are concentrated in the area of ​​80436.8±9.1 MeV/c2, and only 0.001% of the values ​​are 80466 MeV/c^2, which is the W Bose calculated by Qingjun in another paper. The exact mass of the subunit. We can be sure that this value is correct!"

The look in Professor Witten's eyes became brighter and brighter, and his voice became louder: "Yes, CERN also consulted my opinion at that time, and later we agreed that the value of 80466 MeV/c^2 is the most accurate value for the W boson. Mass, and speculate that the reason why it is quite different from other values ​​may be that there are some undiscovered 'substances', 'new particles' or 'physical mechanisms' in nature that have an impact on the mass of the W boson. .”

"Yes, now based on the 'Unified Theory of Strong Electricity' we established earlier, combined with the currently existing 'Unified Theory of Weak Electricity', and the 'String Theory' you proposed, we can confirm that there is such an unnamed There is - I think it is the most likely 'string' - its vibration affects the mass of the W boson. Previously Qingjun demonstrated why photons have no mass but gluons have mass. This argument process can also be used. Explain it through the vibration of strings! Our calculations in this paper can also prove the existence of this kind of 'string vibrations' and its impact on photons, gluons, and bosons!"

Qin Ke looked at Edward Witten with bright eyes: "We still need more data. We need the data from CERN to measure the mass of gluons and bosons this time. We need your help even more when talking about string theory. , No one in the world can beat you, Edward."

Professor Witten took a deep breath: "I'll call right away. Within three days, the data will be transferred to the computer here."

Hearing this, even Mr. Qiu and Professor Uhlenbeck, who were not particularly good at particle physics theory, realized that in the collision of ideas between these three top mathematicians and physicists, one of them was likely to influence A great theory that is a century or more old in physics is about to be born! (End of chapter)