Han Hai Tang Ergui

Chapter 606 The Heaviest Blow to Jiedushi's Position

In the second year of Shaoming, on February 25, after extensive discussions, even the Wubao family in the countryside around Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo and Luoyang, the god capital, had solicited opinions, and Zhang Zhou's political system reform was fully released.

At the central level, among the three existing provinces, the Zhongshu Ling of the Zhongshu Province is no longer permanent, nor is it the official of the Zhongshu Province, but a nominal position, which is equivalent to the honorary chairman of later generations.

Zhongshu Province gave up the supervisory official positions and corresponding functions such as Zuo Sanqi Changshi, Zuo Shujian, Zuo Zhengyan, etc., and handed over this part of the power of supervision and advice to Menxia Province.

Since then, the supervisory power of Menxia Province has been expanded, but Chengmenlang of Menxia Province, who is in charge of the capital, the imperial city, and Fu Baolang, who is in charge of the capital, the imperial city, and Baoyin, promulgates imperial orders, and rewards Jingjie, has been given to Zhongshu Province.

The Zhongshu Province, headed by Zhongshu Shilang, has in fact become the emperor's private staff organization. Below Zhongshu Shilang, the responsibilities are divided into two parts.

One part is called Zhangtai, which is the emperor's staff and secretarial organization. It is headed by Zhongshu Zhizhigao, and there are six Zhongshu Sheren who correspond to the government affairs, and there are also several principals and orders.

The other part is called Luantai, which is in charge of the emperor's private property and pro-army.

Jinyi's personal guards are divided into northern and southern armies, and the northern army is responsible for domestic investigations, spying on traitors, and serving as the emperor's guard of honor.

The Southern Army is responsible for external intelligence work and information collection, with one principal and three deputy commanders.

The bodyguard Mabu pro-army command envoy, in charge of the remaining seven guards of the emperor's pro-army and Regret Shandu.

The commanders of the guards Mabu and the pro-army are not permanent. The commanders of the left and right Habayashi guards, the left and right Jinwu guards, the left and right Longxiang guards, and the Zuo Qianniu guards, as well as the command envoys of Regret Shandu take turns.

Whoever it is his turn to stay in the guard will be the commander of the guard Mabu and the army.

The Internal Envoy Mansion is the steward of the emperor's private assets, and the leader is the internal envoy, who is in charge of the emperor's white sugar, rock sugar, cotton, Hexi trade route, Lanruo Bank, and various imperial estates.

You can see that the Zhangtai and Luantai saved by Zhongshu are actually the emperor's Lijian and Dongjishichang.

Moreover, it seems that the high-ranking servants under the door are not authorized by the emperor, and they cannot manage the affairs of Luantai if they do not hold integrity. This prevents Zhongshu Shilang from becoming a great general like the Eastern Han Dynasty.

And through such two grips of the government and the army, Zhang Ting firmly grasped the core power in his own hands.

It can also use the inner court to form a siphon for talents from the outer court. Even the road to the imperial examination is separate. If there are any great talents, they will first go to the Ministry of Education to listen to them, and then they will be sent to the outer court to win over talents.

However, after Menxia Province alone took control of the power of supervision and advice, in order to prevent all the supervision power from falling into the hands of Menxia servants, Zhang Tie did not abolish Yushitai.

Instead, let Yushitai be in charge of supervising high-level Beijing officials and sending Yushi to visit places, and let Menxia Province be responsible for admonishing, denying, and accepting orders from the emperor, and supervising middle and low-level officials in Beijing.

Of course, Menxia Province also has the power to supervise high-level Beijing officials. This is because Zhang Tie deliberately made the two parties' powers overlap slightly, lest they each dominate one side.

The Shangshu Province is precisely the party that has benefited the most from this reform. Zhang Tie gave up his concurrently serving as the Shangshuling, because he was actually the Zhongshuling, so Zhang Xichong was able to serve as the Shangshuling.

Shangshu Province was in charge of all government affairs by Shangshuling, and became the de facto prime minister, er...or should be the first assistant university scholar in the Ming Dynasty.

Because for the supervision, there are still servants under the door and Yu Shitai to divide his power.

In order to strengthen the power of Shang Shuling, Zhang Tie also decided to add a colleague to Shang Shuling, so that he can manage the affairs of the subordinate province and Yushitai to a certain extent.

Otherwise, Shang Shuling, the head of government affairs, has no supervisory power at all, and he will be constrained everywhere in his work, which is too ugly.

At the same time, the official positions of the left and right servants of Shangshu Province were abolished, and the six ministers, Zuo Shilang, were directly promoted to Shangshu, and the left and right servants and other assistant officials were established below.

And Dali Temple, an institution that was basically paralyzed in the Five Dynasties, was also moved out by Zhang Ting, who is mainly responsible for the final ruling of important cases in local states and counties and cases in Gyeonggi.

Taking Yushitai, Dali Temple, and the Ministry of Justice as the three legal divisions is to divide the power of the Ministry of Criminal Affairs of Shangshu Province, so as to prevent the Ministry of Criminal Justice from being too strong.

In addition, Zhang Tie also set up the post of Yantiesi, a professional money maker.Duzhisheren, who are in charge of Duzhi with Yantieshi, the Ministry of Household Affairs and Zhongshu Province, jointly control the national finances.

The last most important thing is the Privy Council. Except for the seven guards and one capital who don't care about the pro-army, the Privy Council is under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Army, town army, state and county soldiers, etc. all over the world.

The head of the Privy Council is the Privy Envoy, and there are several Privy Deputy Envoys, but only the Privy Left Envoy and the Privy Right Envoy are appointed for those in charge, and the rest are additional officials.

In addition, three privy scholars were set up to serve the emperor in turn, so that the emperor could communicate with the Privy Council.

So far, this independent and intersecting government system has been formed, combining a large number of Song and Ming features, and still in line with the current situation.

This is actually a reform of the emperor's centralization of power. Zhang Tie turned the imperial court into an inner court and an outer court through the Zhongshu Province.

The inner court is directly under the emperor, and can have a hand in almost everything. The outer court is responsible for specific government affairs, but it can no longer do whatever it wants.

The country's group of ministers is composed of Shangshuling, servants under the door, privy envoys, and two to four officials who have been added with the title of Zhizhengshi.

Those who add the title of Zhizhengshi can be the six ministers, or the imperial doctor of Yushitai, the secretary of Dali Temple of Dali Temple, the envoys of the Privy Council, and the envoys of Yantiesi. It depends on who can get the emperor. favored.

At the local level, Zhang Tie changed the current three levels of road, state, and county to the province, prefecture (state), and county model.

Province, the full name is Chijie Governor of a certain place Xing Zhongshu Province Tongping Zhang Shi.

For example, in Hedong, it can be called the Pingzhangshi of the governor of Hedong, and it is referred to as Hedong Province or Hedong Province for short.

In the province, one person, Pingzhang, is in charge of all affairs, and there are three envoys, the chief envoy, the inspector envoy, the defense envoy, and the non-permanent salt and iron envoy.

Generally, Pingzhang also serves as the chief envoy to handle government affairs.

According to the inspector is responsible for supervision, inspection, criminal law and other matters.

The defense envoy is in charge of the defense of the whole province, and the state and county soldiers, Yi Cong and united athletes in each prefecture (state) and county are under the management of the defense envoy.

Below the defense envoys, the commanders of the prefectures and counties of each state are the military supervisors, and the officers of the county unity athletes are the county lieutenants.

At the same time, inspection departments are set up at important locations in various states and counties to organize heroic activities such as detecting traitors, catching thieves, and setting up checkpoints to protect emergency situations. The inspections of the inspection department are also managed by defense envoys.

The biggest purpose of setting up patrol inspections is to make up for the lack of military mobilization in the countryside after the township officials changed their posts.

Inspections are generally selected from veterans with meritorious service and low-level officers, and have the right to organize paramilitary organizations such as bow and arrow clubs and gun stick clubs.

From these societies, select the elite as righteous followers, and the state will give them a certain amount of money to maintain local stability.

At the same time, the establishment of inspections also has an important symbolic meaning, that is, it means that the emperor only wanted to reduce the power of Jiedu envoys, not the power of warriors.

This world still belongs to warriors!

Among the provincial high-level officials, Pingzhang of each province is a member of the Zhongshu Province and is directly responsible to the emperor. At the same time, because he also serves as the chief minister, he is also subject to a certain degree of jurisdiction by the Shangshu Province.

According to the inspector, he is directly responsible to Menxia Province, and at the same time, he is also under the certain jurisdiction of Yushitai and Dali Temple.

The Defense Envoy is directly responsible to the Privy Council.Yantie special envoys are selectively dispatched by Yantiesi under the orders of the emperor, and the chief envoys can also serve concurrently.

The government unit is specially set up for Jiedushi.

From now on, states with Jiedushi will be upgraded to prefectures.

For example, the Xuzhou Zhongwu Army was changed from Xuzhou to Xuchang Mansion.

Songzhou was renamed Guide Mansion when Songzhou was the Jiedushi of the German Army.

Dengzhou, the envoy of Weisheng Army Jiedu, was also changed back to Nanyang Prefecture.

As for the Jiedushi, this unit still exists, but the full name has changed from Jiedushi to Chijie Zhenfu, a soldier and horse of a certain government, and a governor of a certain place.

For example, Xuzhou Zhongwu Army Jiedushi, the full name has become Chijie Town Fu Xuchang Zhongwu Army Brigade Commander and Xuchang Prefecture Governor.

This is a huge change. With such a change, although Jiedushi still exists, its power is limited to the state, and it is greatly dispersed.

This kind of dispersion does not mean being divided by others, but that the source of power has become dispersed, and the most important governor of a certain place has become a governor of a place.

And it's meaningless to just be a festival appeasement, and a suffix must be added.

For example, the suffix "Manage soldiers and horses" is the only way to manage the local army, and the state and county soldiers and local united athletes in the army were also sent away by military and horse supervisors and inspections.

As for the government affairs of the local government, only the suffix of the governor of the government can manage them. If there is no suffix, the imperial court will send a magistrate to divide the government affairs.

Under such circumstances, the position of Jiedushi will inevitably develop rapidly towards the honorary position in the Song Dynasty. If you are not given the suffix Guanbingshi and Fuyin, it will be an empty title.

Taking a step back, even if there is power to manage military and political affairs, the scope is also narrowed.

Taking Xuzhou as an example when it was changed to Xuchangfu, Xuzhou originally had four counties under its jurisdiction: Yanling, Yangzhai, Changge, and Xuchang, with a total population of more than [-].

Therefore, the Xuzhou Zhongwu Army can mobilize [-] to [-] troops in its extreme state, and it can also support two to three thousand soldiers on weekdays.

But now after it is changed to Xuchang Mansion, the Jiedu Envoy has to rely on the suffix Xuchang Mansion Yin to manage affairs, and the county magistrates of the four counties below immediately changed from the subordinate officials who were originally killed and killed by the Jiedu Envoy of the Loyal Military Army to subordinate officials who belonged to the country. official.

Although the Governor of Xuchang was still their superior, he lacked the meaning of lord and minister implied in the original Jiedushi.

Without this relationship, even relying on the power of the past, the Jiedu envoy of the Zhongwu Army can at most control Xuchang County, Fukuo County.

For the rest of the counties, political affairs are in the hands of county magistrates, prefectural and county soldiers are in the hands of Xuchang military supervisors, united athletes are in the hands of county lieutenants, and righteous congregations in key locations are in the hands of local military officials like Yingchuan patrol.

In this way, the only ones that the Jiedu Envoy can control are the soldiers of the Zhongwu Army in Xuchang Mansion.

Without the assistance of local forces, Xuchang County alone, although it is a large prefecture, has only 70,000 people or even less, and the regular establishment of the Zhongwu Army can maintain a maximum of about 1000 people.

Relying on 1000 people's tooth soldiers, even if you kill them, you won't be able to make any waves.

Of course, it has not yet reached the point where the Jiedushi will be brought down in one step.

You must know that Zhang Zhou still has more than a dozen Jiedu envoys, including Zhang Shengren's cronies Ma Zhaoyuan, Ma Yaozi, Fan Quan and others are Jiedu envoys.

Not to mention the local tyrants in Hebei, Gao Xingzhou, and Fu Yanqing.

If you do it too hard at once, it will hurt the hearts of all warriors in the world. Everyone opposes it openly and secretly. No matter how powerful Zhang Wei is, he can't fight all over the country by himself.

So Zhang Yu decided to give weight to Jiedu envoys.

However, it is not the addition in the past. For example, An Shenqi is now the envoy of Ziqing Pinlu Jiedu, then Zhang Tie will confer the official positions of the Jiaodong Pingzhang of the Jiaodong Province and the Jiaodong Buzheng envoy to An Shenqi. Shen Qi.

In this way, An Shenqi's power does not seem to be small, but it seems to be small again.

Not small because the power in his hands has not become smaller.

It has become smaller because it is indeed small, because the official position added to him is no longer in the Jiedushi and can be canceled at any time.

. . . .

After the communication between all parties, Zhang Tie immediately launched a reform plan.

Take Khotan, Kucha, Shule, and Ningyuan (Fergana Basin) in Anxi as the province of Anxi, and the provincial capital is Shule.

Take Li Shengtian as the Pingzhang of Anxi Province, and at the same time continue to retain the Jiedu Envoy of the Four Towns of Anxi, and use Li Shengtian as the Jiedu Envoy of the Four Towns.

Tingzhou (in the area of ​​Urumqi), Xizhou (Turpan), Yizhou (Hami), Ningzhou (Yining) in Beiting and Yanqi originally belonging to Anxi are Beiting provinces, and the provincial capital is Tingzhou.

Cao Yanlu was the Pingzhang and chief political envoy of the Beiting Province, and Chen Huiyao of the Chen family in Yizhou was the Beiting defense envoy.

Take Gua, Sha, Yi, Xi, Gan, Su, Liang, and Shan in the land of Hexi as the Hexi province, and Liangzhou, Xijing Chengtian Prefecture, as the provincial capital.

Pei Yuan served as Pingzhang of Hexi Province, governor of Xijing Liushou, and Chengtian Mansion, and at the same time, Pei Yuan also served as Hexi Defense Envoy.

It can be said that Zhang Ting gave Pei Yuan all the powers in Hexi except the supervisory power.

Lan, He, Wei, Tao, Dang, Cheng, Wu, Qin, Cheng, Min and Hui in Longyou were Longyou provinces, Jia Yanchang served as Longyou Province Pingzhang, and Lanzhou was the provincial capital.

But at the same time, in order to coordinate the rear strategy of Hexi and Longyou, Zhang Wei named Pei Yuan as the governor of Hexi and Longyou to save trouble, and was called the governor of Hexi and Longyou.

Jia Yanchang, Longyou Pingzhang, was transferred from Lanzhou to work in Tianshui Mansion (Qinzhou).

This actually helped Pei Yuan monopolize the power in Longyou, Hexi, showing Zhang Ting's trust in this confidant who had been with him early and had been tempered.

In addition, Guanzhong also became the Guanzhong Province, with Cao Yuanzhong as the Pingzhang of the Guanzhong Province, Chang'an Liushou, and Jingzhao Fu Yin.

Then take Yuan, Fu, Wei, Yan, Xia, Yin, Sui, Fu and other prefectures to the east of Longyou and north of Guanzhong as the province of Ningxia, Xiazhou as the provincial capital, and adjust from far to Pingzhang of Ningxia.

Roughly equivalent to northern Shaanxi, a part of Ningxia and a part of northeastern Gansu in later generations.

In Ningxia of the Republic, Zhang Tie took Lingzhou, Yanzhou, Qingzhou, and Fengzhou as Shuofang provinces.

That is to add most of Ningxia in the Republic to Qingyang in Gansu, Hohhot in Inner Mongolia to Baotou, and then to the entire Hetao area where the Urad Front, Middle and Back Banners are located to form the Shuofang Province.

Lingzhou is the provincial capital, and Zhe Dejian, the father of Mrs. She, is the Pingzhang of Shuofang Province.

The vast majority of Henan Province in later generations, that is, from Shanzhou (Sanmenxia) to Caozhou and Shanzhou east of Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo, including Xuzhou, Chenzhou, Caizhou, Songzhou, Zhengzhou, and Mengzhou The Henan area formed the Zhili Province.

Zhili Pingzhang has a high position and authority, and he is usually selected from the ministers, ministers, privy envoys, and prime ministers who have joined the rank of Zhizheng.

Xiangzhou was changed to Xiangyang Prefecture, and Shannan Province was composed of Xiangyang Prefecture, Nanyang Prefecture, Tang, Sui, Fang, Ying, and other prefectures, and Liu was promoted to Pingzhang of Shannan Province.

Eliminate the Jiedu Yabing in Xiangyang Prefecture, and then move the Weisheng Army in Nanyang Prefecture to Xiangzhou, and use Er Zhujing as the Jiedu Envoy of the Weisheng Army.

The entire Shandong Peninsula became the Jiaodong Province, with Qingzhou (Yidu) as the provincial capital, and An Shenqi served as Pingzhang of Shandong Province and concurrently as Ziqingpinglu Jiedu Envoy.

With Xuzhou as the provincial capital, plus Suzhou, Chuzhou, Haizhou, Haozhou, Sizhou, and Yingzhou to form Huainan Province, Ma Zhaoyuan (Ma Yaozi) was the Pingzhang of Huainan Province and the Wuning Army Jiedushi of Xuzhou Prefecture.

Most of Shanxi that was still in Liu Zhiyuan's hands was the Hedong Province, and Yan Jinyao led Beijing to stay behind, Pingzhang of the Hedong Province, and Taiyuan Jiedushi.

Hebei Province, which was still in a confrontation, was named Hebei Province, and Fu Yanqing was named Pingzhang of Hebei Province, and Hengzhou (Zhengding) was changed to Changshan Prefecture.

Taking the sixteen prefectures of Yanyun occupied by the Khitan as Youyun Province, Gao Xingzhou as the Provincial Pingzhang, changed Youzhou to Beiping Prefecture and made it the provincial capital, and Gao Xingzhou concurrently served as the military governor of Beiping Fanyang Army.

So far, Zhang Ting has further stripped off the feudal color of the original Jiedushi, and restored the original intention of establishing Jiedushi in the Tang Dynasty.

This official position has gradually become an important minister sent by the country to deal with powerful enemies and solve emergency frontier issues.

Of course, it is impossible for such a big change to be unopposed. Zhang Ting estimated that those Jiedu envoys, generals and soldiers who still miss the power of the past will start to move closer to Liu Zhiyuan's command.

Zhang Tie just took this opportunity to sweep them into the dustbin of history at once!

In March, Li Shengtian, who had been away for almost a year, finally left Tongguan along the canal from Guanzhong. He would soon reach the Yellow River, and soon he would be able to go down the river to Luoyang, the capital of God.

Coincidentally, the end of March is the birthday of Zhang Ting's aunt, Li Shengtian's mother's sister, Empress Dowager Li Shi.

While Zhang Ting was preparing to receive Li Shengtian, he was also preparing for his aunt's birthday banquet.

At the same time, officials were appointed to demolish the private docks in the entire Zhili Province and Jiaodong Province. After releasing the people, they immediately began to renovate the land and resume reclamation to prepare for further equalization of land.

And Guanzhong Yicong also got that they will be assigned to Longyou, Hexi, and each of them can become a military master with four or five hundred acres of land and hundreds of cattle and sheep. Everyone is grateful and their morale is like a rainbow.

The most important thing is in Hebei and Hedong. Liu Zhiyuan and Yeluruan have reached the final cooperation, and they are preparing their troops, after the ice and snow melt.

The war is coming!

(End of this chapter)