I, compose the 5000 years of China

"I can't believe that the Qing court would go this far."

"Yeah, I have always been very powerful in the Qing court."

"It was really okay in the early stage. After all, the productivity level was not that high at that time. Everyone was in the era of cold weapons, and the Qing court performed well. However, once the productivity level suddenly skyrocketed, and you didn't keep up, you would be screwed."

"If you fall behind, you will be beaten. This is what Teacher Chen Fan told us."

"I think what Teacher Chen Fan is talking about is not only about the Qing court, but also a warning to us."

"Yes, no matter which dynasty or period it is in, those who fall behind will be beaten."

have to say.

Although Chen Fan told stories about the Qing Dynasty.

but.

Chen Fan, in the eyes of many people, is the Qing Dynasty for stories, but it has greatly attracted the interest of many people.

This interest is not really like the Qing Dynasty.

their interest.

But it was through the Qing Dynasty that a series of realistic research topics were launched.

after all.

Although in reality they have never had such a situation.

but.

If your own country has really reached such a point, will this happen in reality?

the answer is.

Everyone believed that it must happen.

"I don't know what will happen to the Qing court in the future?"

"Yeah, if I lived at that time, I feel like the whole country might be at stake."

A group of scholars continue to study.

of course.

This research has also been noticed by many universities.

In fact.

When Chen Fan mentioned the Qing Dynasty, a large number of colleges and universities had already begun to notice it.

However, after they paid more and more attention to it, the major colleges and universities have started to pay attention to the Qing Dynasty that Chen Fan talked about in all aspects.

Except for them.

A group of historical research institutes, a group of international research experts, a group of experts in the study of changes in the world pattern... also joined in at this moment.

……

"Mr. Chen Fan, I am Sun Jun, the head of the History Department of Peking University."

"Director Sun, why did you have my call?"

"Mr. Chen Fan, I asked for a lot of connections, so I want to call you. Don't get me wrong, we are very interested in the Qing Dynasty you talked about in the live broadcast room these days. Do you know, these days , All the teachers and students in our entire history department were discussing what you said about the Qing Dynasty. Especially yesterday, all our teachers and students discussed this topic until 2 o'clock in the morning."

"Thank you."

"So, Mr. Chen Fan, this time we would like to invite you to give us a few lectures at Peking University."

"Uh, Director Sun, I have to say something, I'm just telling a story, there's no need to be so serious."

"Mr. Chen Fan, in the eyes of many people, what you tell may be a story. However, in our eyes, we think that what you tell is a story. For our study of history, for the entire history and culture, and even for our current country The situation has a lot to do with it.”

"That……"

"Mr. Chen Fan, we sincerely want to invite you. In addition, we have already applied for a sum of funds from the school, which will be used for your coming to Peking University to teach this time."

"funds?"

Chen Fan was stunned: "It doesn't seem like much money to go to class."

Done.

Chen Fan subconsciously understood: "Oh, I got it, I got it, Director Sun, I've made up my mind."

Ok.

Chen Fan did take a lot of classes in various colleges and universities.

But Peking University, Chen Fan really likes it.

Coupled with Director Sun's intentions, Chen Fan reluctantly accepted.

Although Chen Fan declined several times on the phone.

However, he couldn't refuse, so he accepted it.

of course.

There is another important reason.

Peking University in the previous life was an important initiator of the new culture.

In such a school, he not only gathered a group of masters.

and.

Through the continuous exchanges of these masters, China has also found a new way to save the country.

……

"Brother Fan, Brother Fan, are you up yet, continue the live broadcast."

"There's no time for a live broadcast today."

"Ah, Brother Fan, you can't be lazy."

"I'm not being lazy, I'm going on a business trip recently."

"Business trip, where are you going?"

"Peking University."

"What are you going to Peking University for?"

"What do you say?"

"Don't tell me that you are going to Peking University to take classes."

"bingo."

Chen Fan nodded: "The class will start at Peking University in a few days, and the content is similar to our live broadcast."

"My grass..."

Such a news can be said to have stimulated a lot of fans at once.

"Brother Fan, I give you full marks for your coercion."

"Brother Fan, I love you, I finally saw that you are attending classes at Peking University, our highest institution."

"Necessary, Brother Fan already has this strength, but he didn't go there before."

Yes.

Peking University has always been the highest institution of higher education in China, and sometimes it is not even one of them.

In everyone's mind, Peking University is the palace of all Chinese people.

Then.

Just imagine.

What kind of realm is it like to teach in such a palace of all Chinese people?
And Chen Fan is no ordinary teacher.

He was grandly invited by Peking University.

This is no longer teaching, for many fans.

But they understand.

This time Chen Fan went to Peking University, it was his missionary journey.

"Well, brothers, do you go to Peking University to attend lectures together?"

"I am me."

"I want to go too."

"Then together."

"Don't go, buddy, let's watch the live broadcast."

"Ah, why?"

"It's so easy for you to listen to Brother Fan's class on the spot? Let alone us, the students of Peking University are also hard to get a ticket."

"No way."

"Why don't you go to the Peking University forum to see the situation."

In fact it does.

When they learned that Chen Fan would start a class at Peking University, all the students in Peking University suddenly became excited.

The students here are not just students from the history department.

It's not just the students of the Chinese Department and the Archeology Department.

Other students who have nothing to do with history, Chinese, and archaeology also came here one after another.

"I'm sorry, is our mathematics department so unpopular? We only gave 20 tickets to our entire department."

"20 is enough, and our law department only has 30."

"I said, our art department is even worse, there are only 10."

"A lot of money for a ticket to Teacher Chen Fan's class."

"Go aside..."

……

"Teacher Chen Fan, this way please."

"Mr. Chen Fan, it's your first time to come to Peking University."

"Mr. Chen Fan, let me tell you about some of the historical background of our Peking University."

For Chen Fan to come to Peking University.

It can be said that the teachers and students of Peking University attach great importance to it.

As soon as Chen Fan got off the plane, Sun Jun came to pick him up with several professors from the history department.

When I arrived at Peking University, the dean of the School of Liberal Arts of Peking University also came in person.

"It really is Peking University."

After some explanation, Chen Fan kept nodding his head.

Although the Peking University in this world is somewhat different from the previous life, it is also full of legends.

A series of new cultures and new ideas were also born in this institution.

But after all, the background is somewhat different from the previous life.

Therefore, some of the characters, cultures, and thoughts produced are not as profound as the previous life.

but.

This is all for later.

Have the opportunity.

In the next few classes, Chen Fan will talk to Peking University in his previous life alone.

……

"Mr. Chen Fan, this time the class will be arranged for you in the Peking University East Auditorium. There are about 500 seats in the entire auditorium."

"So many people?"

"We don't want to either. We wanted to arrange a slightly larger lecture hall for you before. However, your charm is too great. When all of our students heard that you were here, even if you were not in this major, they all flocked. Sign up. Even, you are the idol of many lecturers in our school."

"Thank you, thank you, I am a storyteller."

"Teacher Chen Fan is being humble."

The next day.

After visiting Peking University, Sun Jun took Chen Fan to the East Auditorium of Peking University.

"We have invited Teacher Chen Fan."

One word please.

The entire East Auditorium burst into thunderous applause.

"Hi students, this is the first time I come to Peking University, and I am a little nervous. Can any student tell me how to pretend to come to Peking University often. In this way, I will be bragging like my friend after the lecture. Peking University Well, that's it, I go to class there every day, and it's nothing."

Such an opening statement made everyone laugh out loud, and the atmosphere became much more relaxed.

"This class is still about the Qing Dynasty. Before the class, I think many students may have a series of questions. Then, students can raise their hands, and we will answer these questions first."

As soon as Chen Fan finished speaking, all the students raised their hands.

One of the students asked: "Teacher Chen Fan, I want to know, don't they have much ability to fight back against the bullying of the big powers by the Qing court?"

Regarding this, Chen Fan said: "I mentioned this issue before, and the Qing court was not so incompetent. They also launched a series of counterattacks against the invasion of a series of countries. It's just that the difference in productivity levels is too great. When When others have already started holding foreign guns and cannons, you are still just holding a big knife. When you equip foreign guns, they already have huge ocean-going ships. When you have guns, their giant guns are no longer powerful. It can hit you for thousands of meters."

This said, everyone also understood.

Why did the Qing army lose so thoroughly.

immediately.

Another student asked: "Mr. Chen Fan, is it true that the Qing Dynasty is still closed to the outside world as before, and does not follow the world?"

"That's what I'm going to talk about next."

Chen Fan nodded: "The failure of several wars also made the Qing court truly realize that its weapons and equipment and all aspects of productivity were out of track with the world. After summarizing the lessons of the previous wars, the Qing court carried out a continuous [ The strategy of using the barbarians' skills to control the barbarians. Simply put, it is to learn the skills of other countries and use them to dominate these countries."

"It should be said that such a strategy is correct and relatively positive. For this reason, a number of ministers of the Qing court carried out a series of reforms. Zeng Guofan, an important minister of the Qing court, founded the Anqing Machinery Institute, which was established by the Qing court. Li Hongzhang, who founded the Jiangnan General Manufacturing Bureau, mainly produced guns and explosives. Zuo Zongtang founded the Shipping Bureau to produce ships. Zhang Zhidong founded the gun factory in Hanyang .”

"In addition, the Westernization School of the Qing court also established a lot of civilian industries, such as weaving layout, iron mining factory, railway bureau...etc. This has made a certain contribution to enhancing the strength of the Qing court. Not only that, in the two After losing in the Opium War, the Westernization School also started to build a navy. They established Beiyang, Nanyang, and Fujian Navy respectively. Correspondingly, the Westernization School also established a series of new schools and sent many students to study abroad. , to learn advanced Western technology.”

This stage also gave the Qing Dynasty a period of revival.

"I finally breathed a sigh of relief."

"It seems that the Qing Dynasty is not so stupid."

"Well, it's still a little bit of help."

Although the Qing Dynasty was only a dynasty founded by ethnic minorities.

But no matter how few representatives there are, he still represents China.

as a Chinese.

Who wants to see the Qing Dynasty being bullied like this.

Fortunately, it seems that the Qing court is not so stupid, and finally began to learn advanced technology.

just.

Just when the students and many fans who watched the live broadcast breathed a sigh of relief, Chen Fan said, "It's just a pity, although the Westernization School of the Qing court has indeed strengthened the country's strength. However, in the entire national system, as well as a whole The officials of the imperial court were on guard against each other, and the overall technical strength was still unable to keep up with other countries. At the end of the 19th century, the Qing court was defeated by the great powers several times in a row, and signed several unequal treaties."

Once such a story comes out.

Everyone was stunned.

They are trying to say, hasn't it changed?

Haven't you already started to learn Western technology?
Didn't the power of the whole country begin to increase its strength?
How can you still lose?
But when the words came to their mouths, they smiled wryly.

They do know.

It's not that you want to change, you can change reality.

It's not that if you learn Western technology, your technology can surpass them.

They have been lagging behind before, even if they catch up bravely, it is impossible to catch up with them all at once.

"Then, here comes the problem. Where is the problem here? Some people think that it is because of insufficient time. Some other countries have developed long ago, and the Qing Dynasty has just developed, so you will never win. Some people That’s not the case. Although the Qing Dynasty started late, the Qing Dynasty had a solid foundation and a lot of money. The Westernization faction still spent a lot of money to buy the most advanced warships in the world at that time. But why, once the war came, Still can’t win? Later, in such debates, some people began to think about the issue of the system.”

"Some people of insight believe that the reason for this is not the late start of the Qing Dynasty, nor other things, but problems with the entire national system. Other powers have already moved towards a constitutional monarchy, and the Qing Dynasty at that time was still a traditional one. The feudal system. Under the two systems, the backward feudal system is naturally inferior to the constitutional monarchy... So no matter how you reform or spend money later, it will have little effect."

"It was precisely because of this realization that the promising men of the time, such as Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao, Tan Sitong, etc., received the support of Emperor Guangxu at that time, and initiated a reform. The content of the reform was to encourage private enterprises to set up industrial and mining enterprises; The school attracts talents, translates Western books, and spreads new ideas; establishes newspapers and periodicals, opens speeches; trains new types of army and navy; abolishes stereotyped essays in imperial examinations, and cancels redundant government offices and useless official positions... In fact, such reforms are actually intended to leave A constitutional monarchy. However, such a reform violated the forces of the conservative faction. Such a reform lasted only 103 days, and the reform failed. At that time, Emperor Guangxu who supported the reform was directly imprisoned, and Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, who participated in the reform, fled to other countries But there are still a few who did not flee, and Tan Sitong, one of the representative figures, was arrested.”

it's here.

Chen Fan focused on Tan Sitong:

"Tan Sitong was born in a family of officials and officials, so he received a relatively good education. However, the court at that time was corrupt and incompetent. Tan Sitong saw the country being bullied by foreign powers again and again, and then he studied hard and wanted to find a way to save the country. For this reason, he also learned a series of new ideas. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he reformed together with Kang Youwei and others."

"But unfortunately, the reform soon failed, and Tan Sitong was also arrested. After Tan Sitong was arrested and imprisoned, his wife cried to Tan Sitong. I am sorry for you. After 15 years of marriage, we still I don't have a son and a half daughter. If I have the chance, I want to have children for you. Hearing his wife's cry, Tan Sitong felt sad. He said with tears, in this case, I would rather we have no children. In such a dark In this era, even if our child is born, it is just one more slave added to this world."

A few days later.

Tan Sitong wrote a poem in prison: "Inscription on the Wall in Prison".

Looking at the door and thinking about Zhang Jian, he waited for Dugan to die.

I smiled to the sky from the cross knife, and left two Kunluns.

"Wangmen lodging: It is said that when you are fleeing, you will go to lodging when you see someone.

"Zhang Jian" was an official of the Han Dynasty who was forced to flee because he impeached an eunuch.

But because of Zhang Jian's great reputation, many people were not afraid of getting involved while he was on the run, and were willing to lend a hand to help him.

"Enduring death and waiting for Dugan for a while" here, enduring death means pretending to be dead.

Dugan is also a person's name, and he is also referring to an official of the Han Dynasty, because he wrote to the Queen Mother of the Han Dynasty to return to power, and the Queen Mother wanted to kill Dugan.But the Xing people admired Dugan very much, so they faked Dugan's death.In the end, Duggan had to escape.

The meaning of these two sentences actually means that Tan Sitong hoped that his like-minded friends in prison, such as Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, could escape the pursuit of the Qing court.And, I also hope that they can complete their unfinished business in the future.

The last sentence.

I smiled to the sky from the cross knife, and left two Kunluns.

That is.

Even if it is death, I will laugh with a knife.

Because whether they fled or stayed, they are all daring and upright people, as majestic as Kunlun Mountain.

with this poem.

Tan Sitong died heroically in Xingchang, a vegetable market outside Xuanwumen, at the age of 33.