Da Ming started to ascend the throne

Chapter 683 The Glorious War History of the Wa Kingdom
The Yuan-Japanese War was a war triggered by Yuan Emperor Kublai Khan and his vassal Koryo sending troops to attack Japan twice in 1274 and 1281.

These two invasions were collectively called "Yuan Bandits" or "Mongol Attack" in Japan, or the battle against the first attack of the Yuan Army was called the "Battle of Wenyong" according to the Japanese year at that time.
The second time was the "Battle of Hong'an".The Kamakura and Muromachi eras (Mongolia Attack, Alien Thieves Attack, Mongolia War, and Foreign War) were also called murderers, and the history of Japan in the Edo Period was called Yuan Kou.

These two invasions also used Kitakyushu as the main battlefield.

Although these two invasion attempts ultimately failed, they still played a very important role in the macro history.

These two wars are among the most famous events in Japanese history.

And because of their role in preventing the expansion of the Mongol Empire and the Yuan Dynasty, they played an important role in world history.

These two events are mentioned in many novels, and the word kamikaze was born from it.

Plus, aside from what happened at the end of World War II, these two failed invasion attempts are probably the greatest threat of invasion Japan has faced in over 1000 years.

The invincible Mongolia once swept across the Eurasian continent, invincible and invincible.

But the two invasions of Japan suffered disastrous failures.

The Mongols' attack on Japan originated from Japan's refusal to submit to the Mongol Empire.

Kublai Khan sent envoys to Japan many times to demand that Japan surrender and pay tribute, and the King of Koryo also sent letters to the Japanese asking them to submit to the Mongols, but each time the Japanese contemptuously rejected Kublai Khan's request.

Faced with such an offense, the Mongolian Khan, who is king in the world, certainly could not tolerate it, and resolutely launched two large-scale wars of aggression against Japan.

The first Mongol invasion of Japan was in 1274 AD.

In the face of the first "Mongol attack", the Kamakura shogunate mobilized some regular troops to fight, and the Kyushu coastal feudal clans also urgently organized samurai and militiamen to join the battle.

The fierce battle lasted for more than 20 days. Liu Fuheng was killed in the fierce battle. After losing most of the Yuan army, they retreated to the beach and relied on returning artillery to defend.

So far, the Yuan army suffered heavy casualties, and the defeat was inevitable. Due to the exhaustion of arrows and food, the Yuan army could not continue to hold the position, so the Yuan army had to board the ship and retreat.

The second Mongol invasion of Japan was in 1281 AD.

After Kublai Khan unified China, he began to prepare for the second invasion of Japan.

The huge expeditionary force of the Yuan Empire set off from Jiangsu, Zhejiang and North Korea at the same time.

The military capacity of this expedition is even more spectacular, with a total of nearly 20 large and small ships and about [-] troops.

Among them, there are 5 Mongols, more than [-] Koreans, and about [-] Hans.

Most of the Han people are the newly attached army (the incorporated Southern Song army), and the Mongols in the expeditionary army are naturally the backbone of the battle.

In the first ten days of June, the Yuan army began to land operations, and the landing site, Jiulong Mountain, was not far from the site where the main force of the last war landed.

This time the expeditionary force encountered more tenacious resistance. The commander of the Koryo army, Hong Chaqiu, was captured and killed, and several senior Mongolian commanders were also killed one after another.

The fierce fighting lasted for more than a month, and the expeditionary force lost more than one-third.

Because Japan built a solid stone wall along the beach, the Yuan army was unable to break through repeated attacks.

By the end of July, the Yuan army's food, grass and arrows were basically exhausted, and the Yuan army's retreat ended.

The reason why Mongolia failed to conquer Japan in the two offensives was due to the following six main reasons:
One is the lack of troops in the first attack on Japan.

At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty had not yet perished, and Mongolia only controlled northern China. At that time, the Mongolian Empire was gathering heavy troops to attack the Southern Song Dynasty. The army used to attack Japan was only more than 5 people.

Laoshi's expedition is a cross-sea battle that the Mongols are not good at, and coupled with the strength of the Japanese nation, this force is obviously not enough.

In addition to the multi-line combat factor, the reason for the shortage of troops was that Kublai Khan did not take Japan, which had a strong military strength at that time, seriously.

The second is that Mongolia does not have the slightest advantage in tactics.According to the Japanese, the fighting power of the Mongols is not as powerful as imagined.

After the war began, the Japanese adopted close combat tactics with the Mongols, which invalidated the Mongols' advantages in bows and arrows and return artillery.

In all fairness, Mongolian soldiers can bear hardships and stand hard work. When necessary, they can rely on eating raw horse meat and drinking horse blood to maintain their lives. They are also very mobile in combat. Generally, they only bring very little food and grass. The problem of food and clothing for soldiers is mainly solved by plundering war areas. solve.

However, in these two wars, the Mongols were unable to use their strengths, and they have not been able to break into the residential areas in the interior. Naturally, there is no place to plunder.

In contrast, the Japanese tactics are very clever.

The third is that Mongolia has no obvious advantage in weapons and equipment.

Fighting against Japan, Mongolia encountered an opponent whose weapons and equipment were not inferior to its own for the first time.

The advantage of Japanese equipment lies not only in the sword, but also in the armor of the samurai.

It is said that the swords of ordinary soldiers in the Yuan army would break at the touch of a Japanese sword (at that time, Japan's smelting and knife making technology was world-class.

The performance of Japanese swords can only be compared with Damascus steel swords produced in North India and West Asia.

Japanese steel is obviously superior to Chinese steel), and Mongolian bows and arrows are powerless to penetrate Japanese samurai armor as long as the distance is slightly longer.

Fourth, Japanese samurai have received strict military training since childhood, and their combat skills are far superior to those of the Mongols.

The records of the Mongols say that the Japanese are good at fighting alone, which can be confirmed by the Japanese.

The Japanese have the lowest evaluation of the Han people in the Yuan army. In their view, the Han army is greedy for life and afraid of death, and their morale is low.

Fifth, the secrecy of cross-sea operations is not strict.The two invasions of Japan were not surprise attacks, but Japan received reliable information in advance and made full preparations for the battle.

Especially for the second invasion, the Japanese closely monitored the movements of the Yuan Empire and made full war preparations for the Mongolian attack.

At this time, Japan's political situation was stable, and Hojo Tokimune's control over the Kamakura shogunate and the Japanese vassals was far greater than before.

Therefore, the Japanese were able to use more manpower and material resources to fight the invasion.

The shogunate confiscated civilians in the Hakata Bay area in Kyushu, and built a stone wall along the beach in the area where the enemy was most likely to land to hinder the Mongolian cavalry.

In fact, the Mongolian soldiers never broke through this line of defense.

Sixth, the weather was not beautiful, and the hurricane helped Japan, and the Japanese called it "Kamikaze".

Both invasions of Japan were met with violent hurricanes and heavy losses.

On August 1281, the second invasion of Japan in 8 AD, a violent hurricane suddenly blew up in the Pacific Ocean.

The storm lasted for four days, and the ships of the Southern Fleet of the Yuan Army were basically destroyed, and most of the ships of the Northern Fleet were also lost.

The remaining ships of the Northern Fleet carried the commander and part of the Mongol and Koryo troops who fled the battlefield and sailed back to Koryo.

The commander of the Confederate Army and some senior officials saw that there was no way to recover, so they had to leave the large force and escape on the few remaining ships of the Confederate Fleet.

At this time, there were still nearly 10 troops left on the beach of Jiulong Mountain. These people lost their supplies and escape routes, and were unable to break through the Japanese defense line, falling into a desperate situation.

Three days later, the Japanese began to counterattack, driving the remaining Yuan army to a narrow area called Bajiao Island, and then attacked.

Most of the Yuan army was killed, and the remaining 2 people were captured.

(End of this chapter)