Da Ming started to ascend the throne

Chapter 900 Powerful Nomads

The Ross nation, in the eyes of Easterners, is a Westerner, but in the eyes of Westerners, it has strong characteristics of an Eastern nation.This feature was not present from the beginning.

From the early Slavs to Kievan Rus, the national development process in this land is no different from that of most European nations.

From the early barbarians to the conversion to Roman-Christian civilization, everything went so smoothly except for a short period of invasion and rule by the Huns.

But in the 13th century, a sudden event completely broke the later historical process of the Ross people, which was the Mongolian invasion.

In the 13th century, the biggest thing in the world was the sudden rise of the Mongols. After quickly unifying the tribes on the Mongolian Plateau, Genghis Khan quickly defeated Xixia and Xiliao, and launched a war against Jin.

At this time, a general under Khwarazm Sultan Mokomo (Muhammad) looted and slaughtered a Mongolian caravan.Genghis Khan asked Mo Kemo to hand over the murderer, but was rudely refused.

This incident quickly angered the Mongols.Holding the principle of retribution, Genghis Khan led his Mongolian army out of the war in Xixia and quickly invaded Khwarazmo, defeating the local garrison without any effort.

Mo Kemo fled to the north, and Genghis Khan divided his troops led by Jebe and Subotai to track Mo Kemo northward, and finally forced Mo Kemo to a small island in the Caspian Sea in 1220 and died in depression.

And he himself led the main force to the south, tracked down Khwarazmo's most capable general, Zalandin, the son of Mokemo, and conquered Khorasan and Afghanistan.

Jebe and Subotai, the two most brave generals under Genghis Khan (the most famous generals of Genghis Khan are divided into four dogs: Wokuotai, Jebe, Jelemi, Subotai, and four heroes: Borhu, Bo Ershu, Mu Huali, and Chi Laowen), after learning of Mo Kemo's death, did not return to Genghis Khan in a hurry, but went north along the Caucasus on the west coast of the Caspian Sea.

This series of their actions is considered to be a strategic reconnaissance for the Mongols' subsequent invasion, and to find out the situation in the northern Caucasus and the southern coast of the Black Sea at that time.

The invading Mongolian army quickly conquered the Georgians, Alans and Azerbaijanis in the Caucasus, and entered the land of the Kipchak people northwest. The Kipchak people felt the powerful fighting power of the Mongols and immediately asked their Rus allies for help.

The Rus principalities in the southeast organized an army of 8 people, under the command of several princes such as Kiev, Garich, Chernihiv and Smolensk, went down the Dnieper River to support the Kipchak people, and encountered the Mongols near the Kalka River.

Although Jebe and Subotai only led [-] Mongolian cavalry, they quickly used the nomadic tactics, the V-shaped formation, and luring the enemy to go deep, and defeated the Russian army composed of peasants and nobles.

However, since the purpose of the Mongols was not to invade Russia, Jebe and Subotai did not pursue the remnants of Russia, but after quickly looting the Genoese colony in Crimea and conquering the Bulgars on the Volga River , sent his troops back to the east, returned to the Syr Darya River from the north bank of the Caspian Sea, and joined forces with Genghis Khan's main force.

This detour of the Mongols fully reflects their rich geographical knowledge, which may be attributed to the merchants who have trekked this route for thousands of years, and this is already two years after the division of troops.

It is said that when the troops were divided, the two had a two-year agreement with Genghis Khan, which may also be the main reason why they failed to invade Ross, and Jebe also died on the way.

This reconnaissance attack by Jebe and Subodei made the Mongols realize the fertility of the Rus land and the incompetence of its rulers.Therefore, after the death of Genghis Khan, Wo Kuotai, who came to the throne, quickly formulated a new invasion plan.

After Genghis Khan's death, he divided his ruling area to his four sons. According to Mongolian customs, the eldest son Jochi's fief is the westernmost and the most imaginative. The so-called Yeer Shihe (Irtysh River) To the west as far as the Mongolian horseshoe reaches.

That is to say, as long as the Mongols can conquer all the places in the west, they are the fiefdoms of Jochi, but at the time of enfeoffment, Jochi was dead, and the leader of the Jochi lineage was his son Batu (Battle).

After Wo Kuotai ascended the throne, he decided to launch a large-scale western expedition to expand the territory of the Mongolian Empire. This may also mean expressing gratitude to Jochi for giving up the position of the Great Khan.

But this Western Expedition is very distinctive. It is commanded by Jochi's eldest son Batu, Okuotai's eldest son Guiyou and Tuolei's eldest son Mengge. All other Mongolian tribes and branches sent their eldest sons to participate. .

Therefore, it is also called "the eldest son's western expedition", and the actual command of the Mongolian army actually fell into the hands of Subotai, who had already invaded that area last time.

This time, the Russians were doomed. After quickly conquering the Kipchaks, the Mongol army began to attack Ryazan, and Grand Duke Yuri of Ryazan was killed.

Suzdal Grand Duke Yuri II, the most powerful of the Russian Grand Dukes, sent troops to support Kolomna where Yuri's younger brother Roman was stationed, but to no avail. Roman was soon killed, and Yuri II also It was difficult to protect itself, Suzdal was quickly looted, and Yuri II died in battle.

The city of Suzdal was burned, and another important city, Vladimir, experienced a horrible scene. The people who took refuge in the church were all killed.Fortunately, Novgorod in the north was not invaded by the Mongols due to its dense swamps.

Immediately after leaving Suzdal, the Mongols marched into Ukraine, captured Chernihiv and Kiev, and slaughtered the local Russian soldiers and civilians.In addition to Batu and Subotai, the Mongolian kings Uerda, Baidar, Buli, Hedan, Buzke, Mengge and Guiyou all participated in the siege of Kiev.

Soon, the Mongols ravaged Garich, Radzhin, and Kamenets.Cyclonus then entered Poland from Ukraine and slaughtered Sandomierz and Krakow.

They continued the legend on the land of Ross, using the superb mobility and powerful combat effectiveness of the Mongolian cavalry, they successfully defeated the Polish-Teutonic Knights in Lignitz on April 1241, 4. Shoot heavily armored Teutonic knights into hedgehogs with bows and arrows.

Under the leadership of Batu, another Mongolian army entered Hungary with Subotai as the vanguard. They captured the city of Pest in April 1241. The Hungarians were defeated, the king fled, and the people were massacred like Ross.

The Mongols encouraged the fleeing residents to return home, promised them pardon, and then perfidiously killed them all after they reassured them.They also organized captives and civilians into death squads to go ahead of the Mongol army, storm fortified cities, or kill farmers after forcing them to harvest their crops.

In 1241, Batu even went to a place very close to Vienna, which shocked the whole of Western Europe. The Holy See in Rome even prepared to call a new crusade to resist the Mongol invasion.

The invading Mongols also got the title of "hell". Coincidentally, because the word is very close to the word Tatar, Europeans thought that the Mongols were demons released by God from hell.

(End of this chapter)