Eighth year of Chongzhen

Chapter 421 The Purpose and Function of Bank Notes
The silver ticket was launched by Zhu Youjian after a long time of consideration, and he limited the function of the silver ticket to its original intention. For the time being, he has no idea of ​​expanding the definition of the silver ticket. The main purpose is to reduce the cost of business transactions. The inconvenience of carrying a large amount of silver and copper coins caused troubles and troubles to the merchants.

As for the monetary value of the bank note, as a relatively lacking financial knowledge, he dare not try it rashly.

The indiscriminate issuance of Jiaozi in the former Song Dynasty and the social turmoil caused by the rapid devaluation of the Ming Dynasty’s precious banknotes are not far away. The current situation in the Ming Dynasty is only tentatively determined, and there are still a lot of things to do to appease the people. There is no need to introduce new ones at this time.

Stability is the overriding primary responsibility, and any inexperienced aggressiveness is not advisable.

Wait until a few years later, Ming Dynasty will have a prosperous situation of political harmony and harmony, and then decide whether to monetize it according to the actual situation.

Now the Four Seas Commercial Bank has set up money houses in the bustling Dafu in the north and south, and the business they carry out is simply to provide services for exchanging bank notes for cash. .

After the bank note business stabilized, Zhu Youjian planned to start the business of paying interest to collect deposits, and then lending at a lower profit to collect interest, so as to completely wipe out private usury with regular operations and low interest.

It is expected that the bank note business will develop soon, and Zhu Youjian estimates that after half a year at most, the business of storing, storing and lending will be able to start.

Only the prosperity of the financial business can drive the prosperity and development of manufacturing and commerce. Usury is like killing chickens to extract eggs, which will only bring huge profits to lenders, but it will fundamentally hit and hurt various commercial activities.

After the bank has developed steadily for a period of time, Zhu Youjian plans to launch a special interest-free loan to help farmers to help people who have to sell their fields due to disasters and illnesses to tide over the difficulties.

Since this kind of loan can easily become a dead debt due to the inability of the borrower to repay, it must be carried out after the bank has accumulated a certain amount of wealth.

Under Zhu Youjian's instruction, the current Sihai Commercial Bank has been separated from the Sihai Bank, and the two companies conduct financial accounting separately.

That is to say, if the operation of the bank has huge losses, the commercial bank will not subsidize it from its own profits in order to make the bank's books look better.

What Zhu Youjian hopes to see is a more realistic operating situation of the bank.

Losses are inevitable at the beginning.

After all, it is necessary to purchase a rental facade, to decorate, and to hire manpower. These are normal expenses and losses that can be accrued.

The most important thing is the storage and lending business that will be carried out in the future. This is the main source of profit for the bank, and there will be a specific number of bad debts arising from interest-free loans to aid farmers.

As long as the bank operates normally, it will never lose money.

On the contrary, this is an industry that can generate a steady stream of high profits.

It is normal for Zhu Youjian to take part of this easy-to-earn wealth to feed his own people.

Loving the people like children should become a real action, not just words.

Pulling out a hair to benefit the world is actually a small matter that can make an appointment for the body and mind.

The main purpose of this special loan for aiding agriculture is to prevent the spread and occurrence of land mergers.

Because ordinary farmers cannot accumulate too much surplus wealth, once natural disasters and man-made disasters occur, they have to sell their property to survive, and the so-called family property is their own field.

Many large gentry households took advantage of this opportunity to purchase the fields of affected farmers at extremely low prices, and then turned these self-cultivated farmers into tenant farmers, thereby obtaining more wealth.

To use an analogy, for example, a farmer with a surname had to sell his ten mu of fertile farmland with water at market price in order to save the lives of his relatives when his family’s wealth was exhausted due to illness.

A local gentry naturally wanted to take the good land for himself after learning about it, but he didn't want to buy it at the market price of five taels of silver per mu. Big family with the ability to buy: These ten acres of land are mine.

The other big squires naturally understood, because this kind of thing happened often, and they had a secret agreement long ago. This time it was the Li family's acquisition, next time it was the Wang family's, and the third time it was the Zhang family's turn.

With the tacit cooperation of the big households, the disaster-stricken farmers who were anxiously waiting for money could only sell their fertile land at a price far below the market price after suffering for a period of time.

This situation caused by natural disasters is even more, especially now that the drought is gradually spreading in the provinces of Daming.

Severe droughts and floods cannot be prevented, and what the government can provide now is to help the victims tide over the difficulties.

After the disaster, many farmers were on the verge of bankruptcy, and it was also the best time for the so-called big gentry to take the opportunity to expand their assets.

Taking advantage of others' danger is their best trick.

Most of the tens of thousands of acres of land in each big family have been accumulated in this way.

This kind of thing happens every day in Ming Dynasty, and it is also the most common means of land annexation.

Although there are measures to benefit the people by opening up wasteland and exempting taxes, the greed for land makes the gentry unable to stop the pace of annexation.

In order to curb this kind of behavior that hurts farmers and people, and harms the public and private interests, the interest-free loans of the Four Seas Bank will play an important role.

Zhu Youjian also considered implementing the Qing Dynasty's strategy of apportioning the income per mu at an appropriate time, so that the current tax-exempt class would become taxpayers, thereby reducing the heavy burden borne by ordinary peasant households.

But at present, such drastic measures will trigger collective resistance from the entire class of officials, gentry and gentry.

Let's talk about it when it's completely stable.

Now there are too few things that Da Ming can bring profit to everyone.

The relatively stable output of the family land has become the main source of income for the interest class, which is their lifeblood. If anyone dares to do something about it, they will take the huge risk of subverting the country and society.

Only when the benefits in other aspects far exceed the output of the field, the resistance of the interest class to this matter will be reduced.

At that time, as long as we win the support of some enlightened gentry, and then implement the measures of measuring the acres and adding people to the acres, the resistance and pressure encountered will be much smaller.

This kind of change related to the overall situation cannot be rushed.

If you want to speed, you can't reach it.

Don't take it for granted that everything will be done overnight.

Change takes time and process.

Sometimes this process is quite lengthy.

It is the most sensible to formulate the next step according to the development of the situation.

Now I can only make a general plan first, and this plan can only be known by myself.

At this time, Zhu Youjian will feel abnormally depressed and irritable in his heart. Only by constantly explaining himself and hinting can he slowly dissolve this negative emotion.

Because these thoughts and plans cannot be communicated and exchanged with others, not even Wang Chengen.

Originally, the emperor was a loner, and his thoughts and consciousness were far beyond this era. Many things could not be understood and accepted by the world.

Many changes can only be made in small steps, not in big steps at all.

Things and initiatives that are too epoch-making will be resisted by the vast majority of people.

Cement and silver bills, together with the improvement of gunpowder and the birth of Thunderbolt, these things can only be said to have been improved on the basis of the predecessors, so they did not arouse others' surprise.

This is because he knows too little about black technology, so he didn't come up with more new things.

Or let things develop naturally.

These are not what he is best at and wants to do most.

The most important thing is to do a good job in the top-level design, to change Daming from the perspective of thought and system, to break and destroy those old and rotten things that seriously affect and hinder the progress of Daming.

While He Junming was shopping for supplies in the capital, Zhuang Yuanzhou, the new magistrate of Qufu County, also took a light car, and took a few family members on board from Tongzhou Wharf to start his official career.

　Subscriptions have been bleak recently. I don't know what's wrong. Can you tell me?
　　
　
(End of this chapter)