Great Warriors of Sui and Tang Dynasties

Chapter 1300

Lu County, Qufu.

Qufu, formerly known as Lu County, has a history of more than 800 years. It was not until the 16th year of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty that Yang Jian changed Lu County to Qufu.There is Fu in the city of Lu, which is seven or eight miles long, so it is called Qufu.

Qufu is the hometown of the Confucian sage Confucius.

The emperor led all the officials to offer sacrifices to Confucius.

The emperor issued an edict to posthumously posthumously posthumously posthumously posthumously posthumously posthumously posthumous Confucius as Dacheng's Most Sage Wenxuan Wang Xianshi.Confucius was granted the posthumous title of Nifu in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Confucius' original character was Zhongni, so Nifu is an honorific title.

In the Western Han Dynasty, due to frequent natural disasters and social turmoil, the Confucian Mei Fu believed that this was due to the failure to properly arrange the sacrifice to Confucius, and thus God was angry.At that time, the imperial court accepted Mei Fu's proposal and named Confucius as the descendant of Shang Tang to continue the sacrifices of the previous kings.

Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty once named Kong Ba, the eldest grandson of the second branch of the Confucian family, as Baochengjun. Later, eight hundred households in the food town of Baocheng were used to worship Confucius, and he was granted the posthumous title of Baocheng Xuannigong.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the imperial court officially regarded Confucius as a national god, with the same status as the country, and named him Baozunhou.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, he was given the posthumous title of Wensheng, and he was called Wensheng's father.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Jin was granted the title of Duke Zou.

In the Sui Dynasty, he was granted the posthumous posthumous title of nun's father.

After the founding of the Qin Dynasty, Duke Zhou was regarded as the sage and Confucius as the teacher.

"Kong Sheng is crowned king!"

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Confucius was named Baozunhou, in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Zou Guogong was named, and the Emperor of Qin decided to make Confucius king.

"King Wenxuan!"

At the same time, the posthumous posthumous title given to Confucius was also the teacher of King Wenxuan, the most sage of Dacheng.

"From now on, every county in the country will set up Wenxuan Temple to worship Confucius. There are two major sacrifices in spring and autumn every year, and two small sacrifices on the first and 15th of each month. Schools at all levels in all places must erect statues of Confucius to worship Confucius."

At this time, the emperor raised the status of Confucius and listed him as a priest at the same level as the God of Haotian and the God of Sheji. This kind of honor has been unique to Confucius throughout the ages.

As soon as this decree came out, even Wang Gui and other Confucian disciples were shocked.

Not to mention the title of the king, every word of this master of Dacheng, the most holy Wenxuan king, is an eternal honor.

Moreover, it was listed as such a great sacrifice, Wang Gui and other Confucian disciples were flattered.

Wen worships Confucius and Wu worships Guan Gong.

The emperor has the idea of ​​an emperor.

The purpose of Luo Cheng's praise of Confucius in this way is of course to stabilize the new imperial examination system. Although Confucianism has a bad evaluation in later generations, in ancient times, Confucianism was actually divided into many schools, including the Wang Ba School, which was later highly regarded. The criticized Neo-Confucianism actually started in the Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

"Set up a sacrifice for Confucius."

Confucian sacrifices, that is, accompanying sacrifices. In the Confucian temple, not only Confucius is sacrificed, but also Confucian sages are selected to accompany the sacrifices.

The emperor appointed the four wives as the servants, and the four wives were Yan Hui, Zeng Shen, Zi Si and Meng Ke.

Among the figures enshrined in the Confucian Temple, Sifu is second only to Confucius, and the emperor conferred the titles of all four companions as public, so they are also called Sigong and Sisheng.Their statues sit on both sides of the statue of Confucius.In order: Confucius statues in the east are Yan Hui (Fu Sheng), Yi Guo Gong Kong Ji (Shu Sheng), Cheng Guo Gong Zeng Can (Zong Sheng), Zou Guo Gong Meng Ke (Ya Sheng) in the west.

Under the four saints, there are twelve philosophers.

The Twelve Sages are outstanding disciples of Confucius and sages of the same generation. They are enshrined in the Dacheng Hall of the Confucian Temple. Xia), Youruo (Youziruo), Ran Geng (Boniu), Zayu (Ziwo), Ranqiu (Ziyou), Yanyan (Ziyou), Zhuan Sunshi (Zizhang) from the west to the north. )wait.

After the Twelve Philosophers, there are sages, and then Confucians, and the outstanding Confucian scholars of the past dynasties after the disciples of Confucius are worshipped. There are 72 sages and 81 Confucians.

"Sage, after making Confucius king, what about his descendants?"

"Confucius' posthumous honorary title, Baoxian, lasted forever, and it came a long way. Since Emperor Han and Yuan named him Baochengjun to enshrine him, until Emperor Ping, he was named Baochenghou, and Confucius was named Baocheng Xuanni Gong , Baocheng, his country is also, Xuanni, his posthumous title, duke, his title. After that, he was named Zou Guogong, and all his descendants were titled titles."

"I advocate Confucianism and respect the sages, so I added the title of the first teacher of the King of Wenxuan, Sheng Dacheng, to show the meaning of extreme respect. I hope that those who come after me will continue to follow my ideals, respect Confucianism and Taoism, and dare not lose, so I decided Canonize the descendants of Confucius Sheng as the Duke of Yansheng, and inherit it from generation to generation!"

Wang Gui praised after hearing this.

"Yan, which means the continuous development of the saints, the endless reproduction of generations, and represents the Kong Gao realm that my emperor and my dynasty respect Kong Chongsheng!"

Compared with the previous titles of Baocheng, Baozun, Zongsheng, Fengsheng, Chongsheng, Gongsheng, Baosheng and other titles, it clearly shows the level of the emperor.

"The 31st generation of Confucius, Guozijian sacrificed wine, and Kong Yingda, a scholar of Jixian Temple, was the first Duke of Yansheng."

"Saint, Kong Yingda is not the immediate eldest son!" Wang Gui reminded the emperor.

Luo Cheng just smiled.

"Mr. Kong started school at the age of eight, under the tutelage of the great Confucian Liu Zhuo. He can recite a thousand words a day, read scriptures and biography, and is good at poetry. At the beginning of Daye, he was selected as Mingjing, awarded a doctor in Hanoi County, and served as an assistant teacher in Taixue. Later, I called him a bachelor. He was a regular attendant on horseback, and finally presided over Guozijian as a sacrificial wine. Before that, I worshiped him as a great scholar of Jixian Hall and entered the Hanlin Academy." The emperor asked, "Isn't Kong Yingda the contemporary sage of the Kong family? He will inherit the title of Yan Yan. Isn't it just right to be the Lord of the Holy Duke?"

The emperor insisted so much, so of course other people couldn't say much.Originally, the succession of the title is of course based on establishing a descendant but not an elder, and establishing an elder rather than a virtuous person.But the emperor is conferring the title of the first Yan Shenggong, not inheriting the original title of Duke of Zou, so he can also choose a virtuous one.

When he was a scholar of the Hanlin Academy, there was indeed no other member of the Kong family who was better than Kong Yingda.

It turned out that in the Sui Dynasty, the descendant of Confucius was awarded the title of Marquis of Shaosheng. The No. 30 first grandson, that is, Kong Yingda's brother Kong Sichen, was awarded the title of Marquis of Shaosheng.In the fourth year of Yang Guang's career, he was granted the title of Marquis of Shao and gave food to one hundred households in the city.

Being able to pass the Jinshi examination in the Daye Dynasty is considered a pretty good talent.

But compared to Kong Yingda, he is already old now, and after the end of the Sui Dynasty, he retired to his hometown, so this time the emperor simply chose Kong Yingda as Yan Shenggong.

"Kong Sichou should be changed to the baron of Qufu County. He is too old to be an official again, and I will not force him. I will reward him with five hundred bolts of silk and three hundred coins, so that he can rest at home with peace of mind."

The Marquis of Shaosheng was actually not long after the founding of the Great Qin Dynasty, and his title was gone after Qufu returned to Qin. At that time, the emperor did not recognize Yang Guang as his Marquis of Shaosheng.Therefore, when he knew that the emperor wanted to confer the Duke of Yansheng on Kong Yingda, his younger brother, he was not dissatisfied.

What's more, now the emperor gave him a baron of Qufu as compensation, so he was satisfied.

The new Qufu man is very excited about his ancestor Confucius being honored as the King of Wenxuan and still chasing such a long posthumous title. All counties in the country will build Wenxuan Temples, and all schools will have statues of Confucius. This is very important to the Confucius family. He is very clear about what it means, which means that the Kong family can really be at peace with the country in the future.

For this reason, even if he, the eldest son, gave up the title to Kong Yingda, he would definitely be willing.

The emperor smiled and added some money and silk rewards to Kong Sichen. The purpose of the emperor's respect for Confucius was to create a new class of scholars to change the current monopoly of the old gentry.Therefore, it is not a big deal to respect Confucius and at the same time benefit some of his descendants, it is just an empty title.

Luo Cheng not only named Confucius the King of Wenxuan, but he also named Guan Yu as the Great Emperor of the Three Realms, Weiyuan Town Tianzun Guan Shengdijun, and took Guan Temple as the Martial Temple, which was included in the sacrificial ceremony. The Tailao Sacrificial Ceremony of Confucianism is performed in Spring and Autumn.

Now, Confucius, the sage of literature, has just kept pace with Guan Gong, the sage of martial arts, and he became the main god of national worship one step too late.

King Kong named Wenxuan King, while Guan Yu was directly a prince, a king, an emperor, and a saint. He became Guan Shengdijun in one step.

All counties across the country have established Guan Shengwu temples as early as possible, and there are also famous generals from past dynasties in Wu temples.

For the emperor, Guan Yu, the sage of literature and Confucius and the sage of martial arts, are actually just two examples deliberately set up by the emperor and the court.

"In Qufu, let's build the highest-scale Great Sage Hall of Accomplishment for Kong Sheng. It will be built as a holy place for literati and scholars in the world. In the future, famous Confucianists and great sages will all enter the hall to accompany them and be worshiped by scholars all over the world." The emperor said, " All expenses will be drawn from my internal treasury."

(End of this chapter)