From Almighty Scholar to Chief Scientist

Chapter 471 P≠NP?A call at the closing ceremony of the International Congress of Mathematicians

Research on lithium-sulfur batteries has also begun, and since the main research materials are only solid electrolyte materials, the research task has become relatively easier.

Lithium-sulfur battery, as a very ideal new battery in lithium battery, has an order of magnitude advantage in energy density compared with ordinary batteries.

But of course, lithium-sulfur batteries are still a product of a laboratory, and with current technology, they can only be tested in test tubes.

This is because of several shortcomings of its existence.

First of all, the intermediate discharge products of lithium-sulfur batteries will dissolve into the organic electrolyte, which will affect the performance of the electrolyte and ultimately the overall performance of the battery.

The second is that when the sulfur element is used as the positive electrode of the battery, some final products produced during the reaction will affect the performance of the battery, and in serious cases, it will even directly cause damage to the battery.

Finally, there is a problem called lithium dendrites. As an active material, metallic lithium in the negative electrode will change in shape during charging and discharging. When lithium ions are reduced to metallic lithium, each lithium atom It is possible to form lithium dendrites on the surface of metallic lithium, and these lithium dendrites may pierce the separator of the positive and negative electrodes, and then directly contact the positive electrode.

Once the positive and negative electrodes are in contact, it will cause a short circuit problem. After the short circuit, the temperature of the battery will rise sharply, which will eventually lead to combustion, or even an explosion in a more serious point.

It is precisely because of these thorny problems that lithium-sulfur batteries are still only a technology in the laboratory and have not been realized.

However, if solid electrolytes are used, most of these problems can be solved.

For example, the first question, solid electrolyte is not a liquid, so naturally there is no problem of dissolution, so this problem is not a problem.

Another example is the problem of lithium dendrites. Lithium dendrites are an inevitable problem in lithium batteries, and in most of the current lithium-ion batteries, battery manufacturers have made many solutions to solve lithium-ion batteries. So now there are basically very few cases of dangerous accidents caused by lithium dendrites.

However, although it is rare, it still exists, but when lithium dendrites face solid electrolytes, they will also have nothing to do. After all, the main problem of lithium dendrites is to connect the positive and negative electrodes to cause a short circuit, and then the temperature rises sharply. High, but now solid electrolytes are used. No matter how powerful the lithium dendrite is, can it directly pierce the entire solid electrolyte?

Therefore, the problems existing in the solid electrolyte are solved in the same way.

The remaining problems will have relatively little impact. Although they are also problems to be solved, compared with the role of solid electrolytes, they can be solved at the end.

So for Lin Xiao, it is most important to solve the problem of solid electrolyte first.

……

Lithium-sulfur batteries are just one aspect. While researching this technology, Lin Xiao did not forget the problem of the quantum computer control model that Academician Pang Wei gave him.

And after so long of research, in the end, he was also stuck on a problem.

"How to judge, in the process of this moment, whether it expresses 1 or 0?"

Lin Xiao frowned. He hadn't made any progress on this issue for a whole month.

Of course, it's just that there is no progress for a month. For other researchers, it is completely common for a problem to have no progress for a month.

Even a year or two is a very common thing, not to mention some people who are studying world-class problems, it is not impossible for ten years.

However, for Lin Xiao, there was no progress in a month, which still made him feel a little bit difficult.

Of course, this also shows that the difficulty of this problem is high enough.

And this can also bring him more sense of challenge.

"Perhaps I should diverge my thinking?"

Lin Xiao thought about it in his heart.

"What if the quantum state representing 1 is expressed as a function, and the quantum state representing 0 is expressed as another function, and then the recognition ability of the chip is used to identify it?"

Suddenly, an idea flashed through his mind.

"By the way...P=NP?!"

It is as if he used the principle of the P=NP problem to construct a program, and then used this program to determine the relationship between gravitons and the theory of relativity.

"If you use the same method, maybe you can solve this problem."

There was a moment of thought in his eyes.

Then, his eyes moved, and then he took out a pen and started to write.

Intuition told him that this method is feasible, but how to solve this problem still needs to be based on mathematical deduction.

In this way, a week later, he was very surprised to see a function he got.

Of course, this function has nothing to do with what he wants to produce, at best it can only be regarded as an intermediate product, but the meaning of this intermediate product is unusual.

"Is this a one-way function?"

He frowned tightly, looked at this function, and couldn't help but think in his heart.

If this is the case, then he may have accidentally solved one of the seven millennium problems one by one.

Of course, this "solution" does not refer to proof, but to falsification.

He will falsify that P is not equal to NP, that is, for the P problem, it cannot be completely equivalent to the NP problem.

P is the complexity class P, that is, all problems that can be solved by a deterministic Turing machine in polynomial expression time; and class NP consists of all decision problems that can verify whether its solution is correct in polynomial time.

Once it can be proved that P=NP, all problems in the world will become simpler, just like if nonlinear and linear can be unified.

However, in the past, most scientists did not believe that P could be equal to NP, especially for some cryptography experts. After all, once P=NP, the building of cryptography would collapse, because P=NP can make Any password becomes easy to crack, and it only needs to be handed over to the computer for calculation.

However, there are still great difficulties in solving this problem, whether it is proof or falsification, and because of the significance of this problem, it was selected as one of the seven millennium problems.

In the method of falsification, there is a method: find a one-way function.

One-way function means that for each input, the function value is easy to calculate; but for a random function value, it is more difficult to calculate its corresponding input.

That is to say, in f(x)=y, given a value of x, we can easily get the value of y, but if a y is given, it is difficult for us to reversely calculate the value of x.

And this is completely inconsistent with the situation when p=np, and this problem is naturally falsified.

In other words, the one-way function is like a special solution, as long as one is found, the millennium problem can be solved directly.

It's just that at this moment, Lin Xiao didn't expect that he found this thing inadvertently just to find a model that could control the quantum computer.

He even felt a little unreal for a moment.

But then, the system's voice suddenly sounded, telling him it was real.

"Congratulations to the host, successfully found a one-way function, proving that P is not equal to NP..."

Lin Xiao was taken aback by the sound of the system.

The system actually approved it?

However, just as he thought this in his heart, what the system said next made his heart skip a beat.

"However, if the host thinks that this problem is over, please think about it, do you really think so?"

"Reward: 5000 points of mathematics experience, 3000 points of informatics experience, 50 points of truth."

Hearing the words of the system, Lin Xiao felt very confused and puzzled.

Now that it has been explained that the function he found by accident is a one-way function, why do he say that again?

"Is that really what I think?"

"Does the system mean that it can still prove that P=NP?"

He felt genuinely puzzled.

Prove a falsification problem?

Where does this come from?
And just when this confusion arose in his heart, his cell phone rang suddenly.

After regaining his senses for the time being, he picked up his phone and glanced at it.

"Huh? Is this Tao Zhexuan's call?"

Why did Tao Zhexuan suddenly think of calling him?
During the recent period, the International Conference of Mathematicians should be being held. Tao Terence should be at the International Conference of Mathematicians now, why do you still have time to come to him?

However, he remembered that today seemed to be the last day of this year's International Conference of Mathematicians. At this time, it seemed to be the closing ceremony?
This made him even more puzzled.

Then he connected the phone and said, "Hey, Tao, why did you suddenly want to find me? Now, if I remember correctly, you should be attending the closing ceremony of the Mathematicians Conference, right?"

Then Tao Zhexuan's voice came from the opposite side.

"Haha! Lin, that's right, I'm attending the closing ceremony of the Mathematicians Conference. Of course, that's why I'm calling you."

Hearing Tao Zhexuan's words, Lin Xiao immediately felt even more confused.

"What do you mean?"

"Hehe, let me send you a video call invitation now, and you will know when the time comes."

"This... well, I want to see what you are doing."

Although I don't know Tao Zhexuan's intentions, but since he said so, let's take a look.

Soon after, Tao Zhexuan sent him a video invitation.

Lin Xiao clicked to accept the invitation, and then entered the video screen.

As the video screen opened, Lin Xiao was taken aback when he saw the scene on Tao Zhexuan's side.

Because in the video, Tao Zhexuan was standing on the stage, and behind him was the auditorium.

I saw thousands of mathematicians and mathematics enthusiasts or practitioners participating in the conference, all sitting in their seats and waving at him.

At the same time, there were voices greeting him one after another.

"Hi! Professor Lin!"

"Lin! Long time no see!"

"Professor Lin!"

……

Although the voice was rather noisy, Lin Xiao could still hear what they were saying.

He was in a daze for a moment, then said, "Uh... Hello everyone?"

Then he quickly asked Tao Zhexuan: "Tao, what's going on?"

Tao Zhexuan smiled, and finally explained: "Without you, this year's conference of mathematicians has finally become a little dull. There are no more reports that shocked the mathematics world like you often bring us."

"But because of this, we all miss you very much. Although you are not able to appear here at this conference and discuss mathematics with us for some reasons, we all believe that there will always be problems to be solved. On that day."

"Mathematics of the world is family and we all miss you."

After Terence Tao finished speaking, people in the audience also shouted: "Lin! We miss you very much."

Seeing this, Lin Xiao couldn't help being moved. He never expected that Tao Zhexuan suddenly called him because of this matter.

He laughed and said: "Thank you everyone, I also miss you very much, and I miss the discussions with many friends at the two previous conferences."

"Of course, at least for now, I still participate in this conference in this way."

The mathematicians at the meeting laughed, and Tao Terence also joked at this time: "Hey, if this counts, you haven't brought us some amazing results yet! This is equivalent to breaking You got used to it!"

"How can there be so many surprising results!"

Lin Xiao suddenly couldn't laugh or cry.

However, at this moment, he hesitated for a moment, and said, "Huh? It seems that there are no more?"

　The manuscript is gone, these two chapters only have 8600 words, ╮(╯﹏╰)╭

　　
　
(End of this chapter)