History of Human Space Exploitation

26 Mirror World
On the roof platform of the teaching building No. 254 of the No. 1270 Affiliated Primary School of Sosu University, a fifth-grade science teacher prepared a telescope for observing sunspots for the students in the interest group.This ordinary parabolic Newtonian Dobson telescope has an aperture of 5 mm, a focal length of [-] mm, and a focal ratio of [-].This telescope with automatic star-finding function was not easy to come by. It was purchased with a small budget approved by the principal at the strong request of several science teachers in the school the year before last.

The science teacher put a 5.0-density Bard film on the light-incoming end of the telescope, which is a necessary step when observing nearby stars.This filter with a light transmittance of one in [-] is enough to protect children's fragile eyes when they observe stars with the naked eye through a telescope.Just yesterday, when the teachers announced to everyone that today they would use a telescope to observe the stars, they immediately emphasized the most basic rules: it is strictly forbidden to look directly at the sun without any protective measures, and it is even more absolutely forbidden to use Stars observed without Bard's membranes, or with telescopes that have not checked the integrity of Bard's membranes.The radiation of the star is enough to burn through the retina of any living thing in an instant.

Today, the teacher will take the children to observe the sunspot activity of the star above their heads that provides the heat needed for everyone to survive.

Starspots are temporary phenomena on the main-sequence photosphere that appear as darker spots in visible light than the surrounding regions.Sunspots are caused by a high density of magnetic activity suppressing the intense activity of convection, creating regions of reduced temperature on the surface.When starspots move across the surface of the star, they will expand and contract, and their diameters can reach tens to millions of kilometers. Therefore, they can be directly observed at observation points of nearby stars without high-powered telescopes.

Sunspots on stars seldom act alone, but usually appear in groups.The activity cycle of sunspots generally varies with the mass and material composition of stars.The Socres star orbiting the Sosu star has a mass of [-] times the mass of the sun and is a typical yellow dwarf star.The star sunspot activity cycle of Socres is [-] standard years, which is slightly longer than the [-] years of the sun in the solar system where human beings originated.

When starspots are active, they will affect the magnetic fields of surrounding celestial bodies.For the inhabited planet, this kind of influence mainly causes the atmospheric circulation at the north and south poles and the equator of the planet to flow in the meridional direction, thus causing bad weather and cooling the climate.When the teachers and students gathered on the roof of the teaching building, the children all wore an extra piece of windproof clothing than at this time in previous years.Indeed, today is really a few degrees colder than in the past.

On the rooftop, the children took turns watching this once-in-a-decade spectacle through the eyepiece of the astronomical telescope.The teacher deliberately did not use a 1D electronic eyepiece to connect to the display screen, or use a [-]D collector to project the live event into a more spectacular holographic image.Science teachers feel that letting children directly see unprocessed images is a kind of primitive respect for truth.Of course, if each person in a "swarm of bees" can only have less than [-] minute of observation time, experienced teachers are more willing to use the projection screen of the electronic eyepiece to allow everyone to observe more realistically.

During the two and a half hours of observation, several science teachers actively answered various questions from the children.

"Hi teacher, why are these sunspots black?"

"Because the temperature of sunspots is much lower than their surrounding environment, the average temperature of our Socres star is about [-] Kelvin, while sunspots are only [-] to [-] Kelvin."

"Teacher, what is Kelvin?"

"Kelvin is an ancient scientist who discovered the temperature at which all matter stops moving—absolute zero, and zero Kelvin is absolute zero. The water we drink freezes at about 273 Kelvin."

"By the way, Kelvin is the title of this great ancient British scientist. His full name is William Thomson. Another interesting thing is that, based on the scientific theory and observation level at that time, Kelvin believed that stars The source of energy is gravitational collapse, but if calculated in this way, the lifespan of the sun in the solar system will only be on the order of tens of millions of years."

"Contemporary with Sir Kelvin, his qualifications were much later, but biologist Charles Robert Darwin (Charles Robert Darwin) also made pioneering contributions to human science. Through the investigation of paleontological fossils, he obtained that these fossils should have existed for a long time. On the order of hundreds of millions of years. At that time, because there were no more theories to support the energy generation of stars, Darwin did not explicitly raise doubts about the theory of gravitational collapse."

"Of course, we know today that for main-sequence stars, the energy source is mainly nuclear fusion, but gravitational collapse is still a part of the star's energy source."

"Teacher, how did sunspots come about?"

"Simply put, the place where the sunspots are produced is the result of the movement of the star's magnetic field. The point where these sunspots are produced is the starting point of the magnetic field line ejection. The starting point appears black in the entire high-temperature environment because of the low temperature. The magnetic field generated by the star The reason is more complicated. Just remember that as long as the matter of the star itself is ionized, plus the rotation of the star, a magnetic field will be generated."

……

The sunspot activity on Socres this time is similar to usual.At the beginning, almost all sunspots were distributed within 37 degrees north and south latitude.When the stellar activity is intense, it often appears at about seventeen degrees north and south latitude.After the intense period, sunspots gradually move to lower latitudes and disappear about nine degrees north and south of the equator.When the sunspots in the previous cycle have not completely disappeared, the sunspots in the next cycle will appear around 31 degrees north and south latitude.

Through this outdoor observation, the children deepened their interest in nature and science.At the same time, it also deepens the knowledge and understanding of science as the only truth-this eternal truth.

However, the above sunspots, absolute zero, magnetic fields, magnetic field lines, and fusion and heating stars are all human beings' understanding of the universe and the world when they were ignorant.Thousands of years later, when people used the knowledge and means of religion and metaphysics to develop channels to communicate with the creator gods, these various phenomena have more reasonable and simple explanations.

Judging from the knowledge obtained by human beings in the dialogue between man and God later, everything in the universe was created by the God who created the world.The various theorems and constants discovered by human beings in the early ignorant age are numbers randomly set by the founders.Of course, the founder is omniscient and omnipotent, even random numbers can build the world and the universe in a self-consistent and harmonious way.

In different civilizations, the gods who created the world appear as Pangu, God, Brahma, Buddha, Uranus, etc. These multiple gods created this orderly universe.

Thousands of years later, in the same primary school, the teacher explained to the children the cause of the sunspots in the luminous celestial body above their heads.At that time, teachers naturally would not explain these natural phenomena with children using words such as "spots", "magnetic field", and "magnetic force lines" that only superstitious and stubborn people believe in.

When Pangu, the god of creation, used his own body to create the world, his right eye turned into all the luminous stars in the universe, which endowed people with light and warmth.But Pangu's left eye turned into a big golden bird with three legs, people called it the Three-legged Golden Crow.

The Queen Mother of the West (Gaia) is a god as old as Pangu, and she is in charge of life, death and destiny.Naturally, the three-legged Golden Crow, which is used to punish evil and punish crimes and can absorb energy for the world of gods, is the divine bird driven by the Queen Mother of the West.

Whenever there is an evil that needs to be warned by the gods in a certain world, the Queen Mother of the West will send a three-legged golden crow to cover a part of the star that brings light and warmth to this world.Of course, such small punishments and warnings contain only benevolent teachings from the gods.

Such benevolent teachings will not cause the mountains to fall under the people's feet, nor will the seas to overwhelm the land.The warning from the creation gods will only cover part of the light and heat from the stars, making people feel less obvious darkness and some coldness.For the benevolent and great creator god, this is enough.

Of course, sometimes the three-legged Golden Crow is sent out, not because there is any evil in the world that the gods need to intervene.Rather, the gods living in the heavens in this area need to use the indestructible energy left by the original creators to supplement the light and warmth for the heavens.At this time, the three-legged Golden Crow will not only block some of the light and warmth sprinkled on the earth, but also grab some energy from the stars and bring it back to the heaven.

When creating this universe, the creation gods cleverly designed the living places to be different.For example, in some places the sun is bigger and in some places the sun is smaller.The bigger ones naturally contain more energy, and correspondingly, the three-legged Golden Crow can naturally obtain more energy each time.The heavens on every land are about the same size, and the gods in the heavens are not greedy, on the contrary, they follow the ancient tradition - enough is enough.Naturally, in places where the sun is slightly higher, the three-legged golden crow will visit at longer intervals.

The heavens and the world are similar, except that they have almost unlimited life and knowledge under the protection and grace of the God who created the world.They sometimes come to the world and pass on the knowledge they have about the universe and nature to the most intelligent people, and these people teach this knowledge to people who are eager for knowledge.

In the universe in the area described above, the believers of creationism have used all their wisdom and creativity to continue their beliefs.They used a large number of scientific and technical means to create and realize the above-mentioned myths that only existed in ancient legends regardless of the cost.

But having said that, aren't we human beings always explaining the universe and nature in ways we know?

(End of this chapter)