History of Human Space Exploitation

Chapter 28 Geosynchronous Orbit-Class Newtonian Reflector Telescope Procurement White Paper

In our era, we have observation conditions that far exceed those of the Earth era, and due to the asteroid event that may have wiped out human beings more than 2000 years ago, optical astronomical observation technology has developed rapidly, and related technologies are in the development of many comprehensive technologies. Down and up a lot of steps than before.In this chapter, we intercept the relevant product description of a merchant specializing in small orbital telescopes on the Gaia galaxy comprehensive trading platform, and briefly introduce the current situation of civilian-grade astronomical observation equipment.

All the civilian-grade orbiting optical telescope products listed below come from the interstellar network store named "Cun Lin".Since the beginning of the 21st century, this store has been operating self-made telescope accessories ground by high borosilicate glass on the public Internet of the earth, and has a history of about 800 years.

All the following mirrors are polished with 7-nanometer high-precision grinder, and the error can be controlled within one millionth!
Product number: CQ-H2O-500-F4
Name: 500-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
It allows you to see clearly on the natural or artificial satellite within 50 kilometers of the main star where you live, whether the five-meter-sized thing is a suspended electromagnetic vehicle or an elephant raised by the neighbor next door!
Primary mirror diameter: 500 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 17 meters

Focal length: 2000 meters

Focal Ratio: F4
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 43.49
Light-gathering ability: about 51 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 125 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.23 milliarcseconds

Price: 3100 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-500-F8
Name: 500-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
On the planet you live, there is a nature reserve designated by the Interstellar United Government?Want to have a device that handles viewing wildlife as well as hypervelocity storms on gaseous planets in your galaxy, or details of asteroid impact craters on rocky planets?This is the best for you!

Primary mirror diameter: 500 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 17 meters

Focal length: 4000 meters

Focal Ratio: F8
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 43.49
Light-gathering ability: about 51 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 125 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.23 milliarcseconds

Price: 3200 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-750-F5
Name: 750-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
Primary mirror diameter: 750 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 17 meters

Focal length: 3750 meters

Focal Ratio: F5
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 44.38
Light-gathering ability: about 114 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 178 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.15 milliarcseconds

Price: 4300 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-1000-F5
Name: 1000-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
Primary mirror diameter: 1000 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 17 meters

Focal length: 5000 meters

Focal Ratio: F5
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 44.7
Light-gathering ability: about 204 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 250 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.12 milliarcseconds

Price: 5100 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-1000-F8
Name: 1000-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
Primary mirror diameter: 1000 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 17 meters

Focal length: 8000 meters

Focal Ratio: F8
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 44, 7
Light-gathering ability: about 204 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 250 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.12 milliarcseconds

Price: 5200 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-1200-F5
Name: 1200-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
Primary mirror diameter: 1200 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 23 meters

Focal length: 6000 meters

Focal Ratio: F5
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 45.4
Light-gathering ability: about 293 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 300 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.097 milliarcseconds

Price: 6500 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-1200-F10
Name: 1200-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
Primary mirror diameter: 1200 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 23 meters

Focal length: 12000 meters

Focal Ratio: F10
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 45.4
Light-gathering ability: about 293 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 300 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.097 milliarcseconds

Price: 6800 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-1500-F8
Name: 1500-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
Primary mirror diameter: 1500 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 23 meters

Focal length: 12000 meters

Focal Ratio: F8
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 45.89
Light-gathering ability: about 459 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 375 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.077 milliarcseconds

Price: 7900 joint credits

Product number: CQ-H2O-1500-F12
Name: 1500-meter aperture parabolic Newtonian reflecting telescope primary mirror and secondary mirror package (uncoated)
With this, you will stand at the top of the chain of contempt for amateur optical astronomical observations, and even touch the tail of professional-grade (5000-meter-level caliber) astronomical telescopes!If you choose platinum or gold as the coating material, perhaps some astronomical institutes with insufficient funds may not be as accurate as yours in some data!Although we know that the caliber base is the kingly way, we are not inferior to any professional organization that prepares equipment for the research institute in terms of workmanship in many details!

Primary mirror diameter: 1500 meters

Secondary mirror short axis: 23 meters

Focal length: 18000 meters

Focal Ratio: F12
Material: pure water ice, the impurity content is less than [-] per thousand

Grinding precision: nanometer
Limiting magnitude: 45.89
Light-gathering ability: about 459 billion times

Maximum effective multiple: about 375 million times

Maximum angular resolution: 0.077 milliarcseconds

Price: 8100 joint credits

Coating: Users can choose different types of coating materials according to their own budget. The available materials include: aluminum, silver, chromium, platinum, and gold.Note: Different coating materials have different reflectivity to photons due to their different physical properties.Of course, we will refer to the "Universal Precious Metals Exchange-Precious Metal Futures Transaction Price List" that is updated every standard day for the basic prices of these metals, and the daily closing price will be used as a price reference for customers.

Users can choose one or several or all of the following devices to install on the telescope. Please ask customer service for the price of each device.

Michelson star interferometer: This device can use the principle that the visibility of interference fringes decreases with the increase of the linearity of the extended light source, and regard the star as a plane incoherent light source, so that the angular diameter of the star can be measured very skillfully.

Wide Field and Planetary Camera: The planetary camera has a resolution of 0.000031 arcsecond per pixel, allowing users to make high-resolution observations.

Goddard high-resolution spectrograph: a high-precision ultraviolet spectrograph with a resolving power of 0.5~0.00027 Angstroms at different intensities.

High-speed photometer: It must be able to quickly measure the luminosity change and polarity of celestial bodies.The instrument can measure luminosity every 1 microsecond in the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared bands.
Dark Object Camera & Dark Object Spectrograph: It is used to observe very faint ultraviolet objects in the wavelength range from 115 to 650 nm.

High-resolution optical spectrometer: a spectrometer covering all bands and high sensitivity.

High-precision spectrometer series: wide-angle near-infrared integrated field of view spectrometer with multi-objective adaptive optics system; planetary imager and spectrometer with extremely high adaptive optics system; broadband spectrometer with single field of view; multi-objective spectrometer with large field of view; hyperspectral resolution near-infrared spectrometer; mid-infrared imager and spectrometer.

Telescope tips:

1. In history, the honor of inventing the telescope is generally attributed to Hans Lippershey, a Dutch glasses manufacturer in the 17th century. He invented the combination of a convex lens and a concave lens to magnify distant scenes. or function of an object.

2. The Italian scientist Galileo Galilei, who was later dubbed "the father of modern physics", "the father of modern science", "the father of modern astronomy", and "the founder of modern science", heard about Li Boer After receiving the news, using the same principle, he made his own refracting telescope and used it for astronomical observations.

3，在伽利略制造那台折射天文望远镜的大约70年后，英国科学家艾萨克·牛顿（Issac Newton）制造了世界上第一台反射望远镜。牛顿的第一台“牛顿式反射望远镜”口径为1英寸（2.54厘米），焦距为6英寸（15.2厘米）。

4. From a principle point of view, since photons need to pass through at least two lenses before they can appear in the eyes of the observer, and in the visible light band, red light (760-622 nanometers) and blue light (446-477 nanometers) have different wavelengths. Aspect differences cause chromatic aberration in imaging with refracting telescopes.Although people used APO technology (apochromatic) to improve this problem to a certain extent under small aperture conditions, due to the disadvantages of the refracting telescope itself, people stopped at the 1897-inch ( 40 cm) at the Yerkes Observatory in ancient Wisconsin, USA.

5. Due to the excellent properties of reflecting telescopes in terms of light-gathering principles and signal loss, so far people have almost used reflection as the basic principle for the manufacture of telescopes, whether they are radio bands, optical bands or X-rays (high-energy bands).

6. In the 21st and 22nd centuries, due to the discovery of a large number of icy asteroids and several asteroids with a net gold content of tens of tons in the asteroid belt of the solar system, the space-level large-aperture astronomical telescope ushered in a new era. .Of course, the era of "radio, optics, and high-energy band integrated space telescope" lasted only one or two hundred years, but it was precisely because the optical telescope broke through the "kilometer aperture" level in that era that Dr. Gu Lanlan was able to The solar system can observe the iron asteroid that may destroy mankind with the "naked eye" through this huge space device.

7. Although a large number of asteroids suitable for the deployment and construction of radio astronomy bases have been discovered and used after humans discovered the Star Tunnel and started the process of developing the universe, the large-aperture multi-band space telescope provided by our company is still limited for many budgets. It is an excellent choice for scientific research institutions and teaching institutions, etc.

8. If the customer needs, in addition to the various visible light band observation instruments that can be purchased earlier, you can still consult our customer service to add corresponding instruments for radio bands to your space telescope.As long as it is shipped with most of the instruments, it is free shipping within the entire galaxy cluster!

(End of this chapter)