Haisheng Mingdi

Chapter 625
"Shandong is in the process of clearing up the acres of land. Huangtian, Wangzhuang, military farmland, pastures, school fields, undeveloped wasteland, etc. are all being intensively checked and measured..."

"The Bannerman Zhuangtian, Huangzhuang, Wangtian, Eight Banners' Bannerland, and Lvying Tuntian that were occupied by the Tartars after entering the pass and Xiashan Mountain were all taken back,"

Huang Zongxi, governor of Shandong, and Ruan Dacheng, Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, reported to the emperor together.

"Your Majesty, due to the invasion of the Tartars, the swarms of thieves, floods, droughts, locust plagues, and famines, and the Tartars' excessive expropriation, the Shandong tenants have fled and the land is famined, and the land ownership relationship is chaotic. Now it is not easy to clean up completely, and it will take time."

Zhu Yihai looked at the report in front of him, and said with a firm attitude, "Clean up when it's time to clean up, don't be afraid of trouble, and don't be afraid of difficulties, if you don't take advantage of the conditions now, it will be even more difficult when you turn around.

First clear out the former Huangzhuang, Wangzhuang, and military settlements. No matter whether they are occupied by tenants, invaded by tyrants, or occupied by the Tartars before, they must be cleared out.

After these lands are cleared and registered, some of them are set aside as school rent land, public rent land, post house rent land, group training land, etc. according to the needs, and are given priority to lease to school staff, official servants, post station post soldiers, etc. Tuanlian Township, etc., still expropriate the land together with the private land, and the land rent is [-]% of the autumn grain. The land is collected by the government and turned over to the state treasury.

The remaining fields should be sold to officers and soldiers such as the imperial camp and the Beijing camp at a higher price.

Then it was used as a field bestowed by the imperial court on officials and generals.

Then, the remaining official land can be rented first or sold to the current occupier. The selling price is based on the market price, and the land rent is also [-]% of the autumn grain. "

Among the fields that the imperial court is going to take back now, the largest number should be the Wangzhuang of the original vassal kings. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the royal palaces in various places were basically destroyed by the peasant army and the Tartars successively. The fields were either occupied by the Tartars, or the original The tenants occupied the land, or the local tyrants took the opportunity to occupy it.

For example, after the clan vassals in Datong Mansion were searched and suppressed by the Shun army, all the clan houses were occupied by thieves, and all the land and villages were occupied by thieves. After Jiang Yu killed the general of Dashun and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, he rewarded these houses and lands generously to his subordinates , but there are still 58 vacant clan houses, more than [-] hectares of land, and [-] large and small nest villages.

Zhuangtou and tenants took advantage of the chaos and seized the fields one after another.The local tyrants even took the opportunity to invade.

This time the powerful families of the major families in Shandong came to the pilgrimage, and they took the initiative to confess that they had invaded many Huangzhuang, Wangtian, and military settlements.

Of course, the big head was mainly occupied by the Tartars. The Tartars confiscated many Huangzhuang Wangtian in Shandong as official land, and then garrisoned the Eight Banners and ran around to enclose the land. Because Shandong is the front line and there are more garrisons in the Eight Banners, it is more occupied than in history. acquired more land in Shandong.

But on the other hand, due to wars, famines, etc., the tenants fled and the land was famine.

A large number of tenants fled, causing those vassal and official fields, even the powerful fields, to be deserted.

There were six princes of the Ming Dynasty sealed in Shandong, three of them were abolished or extinct, and there were still three princes in the Chongzhen Dynasty. They occupied a huge number of vassal lands.

The first discussion is about the Dewang family, which was sealed in Jinan. The farmland of the Dewang family is at least 3000 hectares. In addition to the farmland, there are also lands with names such as fat powder land, chicken and goose food field, and goose and duck factory. De Wang once made Puzhou, Fanyang, Liaocheng , Linqing area due to the Yellow River burst back to beg for a duck and goose factory, the grain is levied per mu, and in Puzhou alone, Dewang Mansion occupies more than [-] hectares of grain land.

Dewang Mansion still has 760 hectares of powder land in Weixian, Changyi, and Gaomi counties.

But that's not all. The county kings and town generals under the German clan will also have some land.

In the tax books of the government of the Ming Dynasty, the vassal fields of the palace were not recorded, because they did not pay taxes.

In particular, most of the vassal fields of the Shandong Prince's Mansion are large acres of 540 steps per mu, rather than the standard acres of 240 steps per mu.

The Tartars ordered that Mingfan Zhuangtian be removed from the clan name, and that the land that belonged to them should be incorporated into the state and county where it was located, and it was called renamed Tian.

There are 890 hectares of renamed fields in Shaanxi, more than 5 hectares of renamed fields in Henan, and tens of thousands of hectares in Shandong.

The Dewang Mansion in Jinan alone has [-] hectares of farmland, and [-] to [-] hectares of powder land, duck and goose factories, etc., not counting the large amount of land such as the Sanhu Lake that they have repeatedly discussed.

Ruan Dacheng asked, "Do you need to set aside some Wangzhuang fields to enter Huangzhuang?"

Zhu Yihai thought for a while, but shook his head.

"The original land of the Lu Fan can be designated as Huangzhuang." Ruan Dacheng suggested that the land of the Lu Fan originally belonged to Zhu Yihai. Now that Zhu Yihai is the emperor and the Lu Fan is also expelled from the country, this land naturally belongs to the royal family.

In fact, Lu Fan still has a lot of land, although not as much as De Fan, but it is not much worse. In addition to rewarding the land, it is also given to the court under various names such as fat powder land, duck and goose factories, open land, idle land, beach land, and wasteland. Play begging, begging for gifts.

For example, Wenshang County is close to Yanzhou, and more than half of the land belongs to Lu Wangfu. Lu Fan still owns more than 400 hectares of land in Yuncheng, and also owns a large number of lake fields in Nansi Lake, Dongping Lake and other places.

If it is calculated on the basis of 240 steps per mu, Lu Fan's land of [-] hectares is not much more than [-] hectares.

Although the [-] hectares are not all fertile land, it does occupy so much land.Zhu Yihai also confiscated some traitor lands in eastern Zhejiang, Jiangnan and other places as Wang Zhuang, and later sold some of them.

The emperors of the Ming Dynasty also had a lot of farmland, and some set up more than 3 hectares of farmland at one time.

Therefore, Ruan Dacheng suggested that the emperor should designate all the Wangzhuang of Lu Fan as Huangzhuang Gongtian.

"In this way, out of the more than [-] hectares of land owned by the original Lu Fan, one-tenth of it will be taken. In my opinion, [-] hectares of land will be taken. Eighteen hectares of land will be used as a village, and a large county and town in Shandong will be set up as a village. Zhuang, there are nearly a hundred in Shandong County, which is just right. Using the land of Lu Fan, adjust it, and gather the [-] hectares of land in Huangzhuang to build a Zhuangzi, which is convenient for management."

After some consideration, Zhu Yihai finally decided to keep 18 hectares of Huangzhuang in Shandong, [-] mu of land, which is one of the ten lands of Lu Fan, but the land of Huangzhuang will definitely be Shangtian.In addition, Zhu Yihai did not intend to collect all the land in one place as before.

He planned to set up a Huangzhuang in each county, so that it would not have a strong impact on the local people. On the other hand, these Huangzhuang could also serve as the emperor's eyes and ears in the local area, monitoring the place and observing the people.

The rest of the land of Prince Lu's Mansion, like those of De Fan and Heng Fan, were all entrusted to the government.

Some of the discounts were sold to the officers and soldiers of the Ming army, officials, and some were reserved as public leased land, which was rented out to local officials, postmen, yamen servants, regiment trainers, instructors, etc., as welfare subsidies for them, and the rest were sold to Local people, give priority to selling to landless peasants.

Powerful land mainly engages in purchase restrictions, that is, the quota for owning land. Different grades of titles, scattered officials, etc., can have different amounts of land. This land quota may be subdivided into how much each prefecture and county has. One place exceeds too much.

Ordinary farmers, according to the small quota, have ten mu of arable land per person.

Soldiers in the imperial camp can own at least [-] mu of land.

If you don't have enough fame, official position, title, etc., if you want to own more land, you need money.

"If we want to do it, we have to do it right at the first time. This time we have to clean up and rectify the land, we must go to the bottom, clear out all the fields, and then make a new book and exchange the lease. In the future, only the new lease will be recognized, and the land rights must be clarified. Not only After all the land has been cleared, it can be distinguished whether it is arable land, grassland, or woodland, and whether it is upper field, middle field, or lower field.

There are two account books to be set up, one is the original data, and the other is to convert all the fields into standard tax mu according to court rules, and convert the upper and lower fields, large and small mu, and cultivated land into standard tax mu. This collection of land tax, and spread into the land. "

Now the land in Shandong is very chaotic. Either the ownership of the land is unclear, the original owner has disappeared, those who have fled, or have been occupied or encroached. Many tenants directly occupy them without paying taxes or rent.Or the land tenants escape the land shortage, the landlord holds the title deed, but no one cultivates the land.

"Your Majesty, there is one more thing that I want to report." Governor Huang Zongxi said, "The Confucian family in Qufu asked the court to allow them to restore the title of Duke Yansheng, and let tenants and tyrants from all over the country occupy their land, as well as the former Qing prisoners of war. All the land that was seized will be returned to the Kong family."

Yan Shenggong is the hereditary title of the eldest son of Confucius, who was conferred by Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty.

However, the canonization of the Confucian family began in the 12th year of Han Gaozu, 800 years ago, when Kong Teng, the eighth grandson of Confucius, was granted the honorary emperor. Since then, the eldest grandson of Confucius has had a hereditary title. During Song Renzong's time, the title was changed to Yan Shenggong, and later it was changed to Feng Shenggong, and then changed back, and it has been followed up to this point.

The successors of Confucius were called Baocheng, Baozun, and Zongsheng in the Han and Wei Dynasties, Fengsheng in the Jin and Song Dynasties, Chongsheng in the Later Wei Dynasty, Gongsheng in the Northern Qi Dynasty, Zou Guo in the Later Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty, and Bao in the early Tang Dynasty. Sheng, in Kaiyuan, began to pursue Confucius as King Wenxuan, and later as Duke Wenxuan.

Later, in the Song Dynasty, it was inappropriate to add the posthumous title of his ancestor to the descendants of Confucius because the Tang Dynasty had conferred the title of King Wenxuan on Confucius, and the descendants of Confucius were named Duke Wenxuan, so the title was changed to Duke Yansheng.

After the Han Dynasty dismissed all Confucianism, Confucius became a sage, and his status became higher and higher. All dynasties were also willing to honor this Confucian teacher, so he was given a very high status for his descendants. From the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty to the current end of Ming Dynasty, after For more than [-] years, it has been enjoyed by generations, which is much better than the suzerain vassal of the Ming Dynasty.

In the late Northern Song Dynasty, when Jurchen went south, some members of the Confucian family moved south with Emperor Gaozong, and Quzhou established the Southern School, so the northern and southern schools were established side by side.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the Confucian family fought internally, and Yuan Xianzong removed the title of the contemporary Duke Yansheng. Only when Chengzong was in power did he issue an imperial edict to confer the title of Xinyan Shenggong, ending the 100-year coexistence of the two sects.

In the Ming Dynasty, Shiyan Shenggong had a high status, ranking above the cabinet ministers.

However, when the Qing army went south, the Kong family was more active than anyone else in surrendering to the Qing.

Zhu Yihai actually disdains and despises this relative of the Kong family. Lu Fan in Yanzhou is very close to the Kong family in Qufu, so the two families have been married for generations and are very close relatives.

But the Kong family didn't think of Daming's kindness at all. As soon as the Tatars came, Kong Yanzhi, the Duke of Yan Sheng, immediately persuaded him to enter the table.The Tartars were dissatisfied and asked the Kong family to take the lead in shaving their heads, so Kong Yanzhi immediately put on another shaving list and told Shunzhi, saying that as soon as I received the imperial edict, I immediately summoned Kong Yinchun, the world magistrate of Qufu, who inherited the Five Classics of the Imperial Academy. Dr. Kong Yinjue, Yan Shaoxu, Zeng Wenda, Zhong Zibi, professors of the Four Clan Schools Wang Shilu, Xuelu Kong Wenran, Nishan Academy Xuelu Kong Xingrong, Zhusi Academy Xuelu Kong Shangcheng, etc., and supervised subordinate officials, even temple households and tenants They shaved their heads together, and even invited Shandong to attend the ceremony, and let the painter's portrait be presented.

Zhu Yihai didn't want to recognize this kind of relative at all.

It's more itchy than Qian Qianyi's scalp. They still know how to find a reason. They went to persuade them to enter the table, went to shave their hair, and took the lead in shaving their hair. They didn't even spare the tenants at home. .

But this is also the tradition of the Confucian family.

The three dynasties of Song, Jin and Yuan stood side by side, and as a result, there were three Yan Shenggongs.

Whoever sits in the world, they will surrender immediately.

There is a saying that is good, Shixiu lowered the table, that is very vivid and accurate.

Even after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, they still did this. When the Eight-Power Allied Forces came in, Kong Lingyi invited the portrait of King Edward VII of the British Empire from Johnston, beat gongs and drums to welcome it into the Confucian mansion, and then enshrined it.

When Japan and Germany went to war in Shandong, Kong Lingyi also brought the portrait of German Emperor Wilhelm II into the Confucian mansion with gongs and drums to worship.

Later, when the Japanese came in, Lao Jiang urged Kong Decheng to go to Chongqing, but he didn't leave for a long time, but he was busy writing poems for Kenji Doihara of Japan in Qufu. .

This shit.

Later, Lao Jiang sent a division commander to lead the troops there, and then transferred him to Chongqing, otherwise he would have to beat gongs and drums to welcome the portrait of the emperor into Kong's house.

For more than 1000 years, the Confucian family has been best at writing persuasion forms.

Not only did he write to the Tartars, but he also wrote to Li Zicheng.

After Zhu Yihai captured Denglai, a member of the Kong family in Dengzhou surrendered Zhu Yihai, and he also awarded him a third-rank sub-inspector, but this guy even dared to embezzle the relief food, which made Zhu Yihai furious, and directly chopped him off It adds to the disgust towards the Kong family.

Now that the Ming Dynasty has restored Shandong, there is only one Yanzhou city left, and Qufu has also been recovered by the Ming Dynasty.

The Kong family still has the face to ask the imperial court to give their family the title of Yan Shenggong again, and also ask the imperial court to give them back the land.

"How much land does the Kong family have?"

"The Kong family owns many lands in Shandong, as well as lands in Nanzhi, Beizhi, Henan, and Shandong. In Shandong alone, they have more than 600 hectares of land, and other lands add up to more than 100 million mu. "

Zhu Yihai couldn't help sighing when he heard the number.

"Emperors of all dynasties awarded more than 25 hectares of land for offering sacrifices to Confucius, but there are still more lands in the name of running schools and offering sacrifices to Confucius, and occupying them under the guise of local officials. Clever deceit, plundering and annexation in disguise, and even direct encirclement and unreasonable swallowing. In the history of Confucianism, there have been several large-scale unreasonable enclosures. There are [-] hectares of sacrificial fields in the Yuan Dynasty, directly dispatched officials to lead thousands of people, and flocked to Peijing. There are [-] private villages, hundreds of houses built on flat land, and the flags of Shenggong Mansion are planted everywhere, and hundreds of villages are wiped out. rest.

(End of this chapter)