Haisheng Mingdi

Chapter 724 Moving the Capital
"The No. 20 Eight Towns of the Imperial Camp are stationed in Shanxi, and Yang Zhan is the admiral."

"No.20 Sanzhen Jingying, which was originally stationed in Shaoxing, moved to Xuanhua."

"Zhang Mingbin's No.16 town moved to Beijing, and Qin Yiming's No.17 town moved to Shanhaiguan."

Prime Minister's Office meeting.

The emperor and his ministers began to discuss moving the capital to Beijing, and first went to Beijing and Tianjin to transfer troops and horses from the four towns to take over Beijing and Tianjin for defense.

Wang Zhiren, the second assistant, and Du Yinxi, Qu Shixu, and Zhang Mingzhen, the co-organizers of the university, went to Beijing to take the lead and were responsible for the preparations for moving the capital.

Zhu Yihai is expected to move to Beijing in September and take a boat directly from Dengzhou Port to Tianjin to land.The four cabinet ministers took the lead, two civilized and two military, plus the four townsmen and horses going north, and the navy will also be stationed in Tianjin, Qinhuangdao and other camps.

"How do we arrange the people and horses in the ten towns in Shanxi and Hebei?" Wen Anzhi asked for instructions.

There are now ten towns and horses in the two places, six of which came from Shandong, Henan, and north, and some were reorganized by the rebel army in Hebei and Shanxi, and the newly surrendered Qing army. In the past two years, they have been reorganized again and again, and many generals have been transferred from the imperial camp, but generally speaking However, the soldiers and horses in these ten towns are still very messy.

It is impossible for Shanxi and Hebei to need so many miscellaneous troops.

Before the imperial court granted so many designations, it was just a temporary expedient measure, and they didn't even pay them much. Anyway, they feed themselves on the spot, but now that the imperial court has recovered the two places, it is impossible to allow the military leaders to pay them.

"Does Wen Xiang have a plan?"

Wen Anzhi said that the cabinet has a preliminary plan, "First cut off part of the soldiers who have reached the age of 35 and those under the age of 20 will be demobilized and returned to the peasants, and they will be given severance pay, allowing them to return to their hometowns for resettlement, and give them preferential land in the villages. If you are willing to settle in a place with a lot of land and few people, you can give more land and settlement expenses, etc."

"The rest who meet the age, if there are voluntary discharges, will also be encouraged, and will be given severance allowances and resettlement allowances for local resettlement."

The cabinet plan is that the current ten towns will eventually retain two provincial townships and Weiliantun towns in the second and third towns, and eventually cut half of them.

The remaining half, after being transferred to the provincial battalion and township regiment training, there is actually not much left. The township regiment training has the nature of a militia, does not need much military pay, and there are not many officers.

The officers were retained, about half of the soldiers were abolished, and the rest were transferred to second-line troops.

This plan is quite satisfactory, and most of the imperial courts have dealt with local troops in other places before.

"I've been thinking about one thing recently. It's important for the country. It's about sacrificial and military affairs. The military is like the sword of the country. It must be sharp, but you have to be careful. It's a double-edged sword. Hands. So the court must have a sharp sword and be careful not to hurt the hands."

Zhu Yihai proposed to divide the troops into three categories.

The first category is the elite field army, which is divided into the imperial battalion and the capital battalion. They are stationed in key points in the capital and border areas. They implement a recruitment system and select soldiers up to the age of 35.

Recruitment pay, full pay and training.

Establish a professional army capable of fighting. After soldiers are recruited into the army, if they cannot be promoted to non-commissioned officers within five years, they will be discharged from the army.The non-commissioned officers are corporal, sergeant, sergeant and sergeant major, with a total of two ranks and six ranks.

Each level has a service life limit. If you can't be promoted after the expiration, you will be discharged from the army and leave the camp.The first-rank and third-rank non-commissioned officers each have a three-year term, that is, if a soldier enlists in the army, he can serve in the army for up to five years and nine years as a first-rank non-commissioned officer. He cannot be promoted to the second rank.

If he can be promoted to the second rank and become a sergeant major, the third rank sergeant major of the second rank can serve for another five years.Sergeant majors at all levels of the second level generally serve as sergeants (coach) in all levels of troops, assisting in the training of soldiers.

Normally, a first-rank non-commissioned officer can be directly promoted to an officer, but if it is just a soldier with excellent individual quality or skills, but lacks command ability, he cannot be promoted to an officer, and can only be promoted to a second-rank non-commissioned officer, as a soldier king, instructor, and lead troops in training.Or some technical arms can also continue to be promoted to the second-level non-commissioned officer after the first-level non-commissioned officer, and become a professional technical soldier.

The establishment of such a system is to consider the same shortcomings in the professional military system. For example, some soldiers have no command ability even if they have served for a long time. son.

Therefore, it is very important to maintain the renewal of troops. Excellent soldiers can be promoted to command officers, or technical non-commissioned officers, or instructor-style non-commissioned officers.

The number of non-commissioned officers of the first and second ranks can be kept more. These are also the backbone of the army. Once the war needs to wait, these backbones of non-commissioned officers can be used to quickly expand the army.

In this way, the number of imperial camps and Beijing camps can be kept at a scale of 40 to [-] in more than [-] towns in water and land.And those veterans can also serve as reserves after retiring from the army. Once needed, these veterans who have received professional training can also be called into the army to quickly form combat effectiveness.

For the imperial court, maintaining too many troops undoubtedly cost too much, which is not conducive to management.

As in the Song Dynasty, the 80 forbidden troops would definitely be too much for the Ming Dynasty, so it is better to reduce some, less and better, which can not only reduce military expenditure, but also appropriately increase the military pay of some soldiers, and improve the welfare of soldiers can also increase combat effectiveness.

"If the soldiers of the Imperial Battalion set up service and promotion years in such a way, then if these trained soldiers are discharged from the army, wouldn't it be a waste of training costs?"

A soldier cannot be promoted to a non-commissioned officer and can only serve as a soldier for five years. It would be a pity to retire after five years.Both Wang Zhiren and Zhang Mingyang are military generals, and they know very well how much it costs to train a soldier.

Every time a soldier is recruited, he needs to pay for his family, pay, and discharge fees when he is dismissed.

"Recruiting soldiers cannot be used for a lifetime," Zhu Yihai still insisted on his own ideas. The forbidden troops in Tang and Song Dynasties were all recruiting soldiers, and they all had a problem.

The imperial camp must be able to fight, and if it can fight, it can't be too much, it must be the tip of a steel knife.

The original provincial battalion was changed to a patrol and garrison battalion. The patrol and garrison battalion in each province was commanded by the governor and governor.Each Xie Town has about ten battalions under its jurisdiction, and the number of people in each battalion is smaller than the number of imperial battalions.

Its establishment includes cavalry teams and infantry teams, along the coast, along the river, and along the Great Lakes, as well as water camps.A battalion is full of 300 soldiers, soldiers, and husbands. It has three sentries on the left, middle and right, each with eight sheds, and each shed has nine soldiers.When the cavalry battalion is full, there will be a total of [-] officers and soldiers. There are also three sentries on the left, right and right. Each sentry has only four sheds, and each shed still has nine soldiers.

The responsibilities of the patrol and garrison battalion are also reflected in the name, patrolling and guarding. Their main responsibilities are to guard places, clean up villages and suppress bandits, carry out armed patrols in key areas and special periods, and rescue and rescue tasks.

The patrol and garrison battalions in each province, or the towns of Sanwuxie, have about ten thousand troops. However, the soldiers in the provincial patrol and garrison battalions adopt a compulsory military system, and all young people in the province are obliged to join the army.After being selected, they are required to serve three years of compulsory service. During the service period, there are subsidies, but the treatment is lower than that of the imperial camp and Beijing camp.

The provisional salary is divided into three classes: cavalry soldiers and literati will receive two yuan a month, soldiers will receive one yuan and five yuan a month, guards will receive one yuan a month, and rice will be paid three buckets a month. Quarterly release.

The treatment of officers is also lower than that of the imperial camp.

However, although it is low, even conscripts are actually paid, and the garrison battalion also has non-commissioned officers. In order to ensure their combat effectiveness, conscripts can participate in the election after two years of service. Junior non-commissioned officers, or technical soldiers of professional arms, such as horse battalion and water battalion, can also be transferred to non-commissioned officers.

Excellent non-commissioned officers can also be promoted to officers.

And the conscripts who failed to be promoted to non-commissioned officers after three years of service were all retired.

The non-commissioned officers and officers of the garrison battalion are paid lower than those of the imperial battalion, but they can also be elected to the imperial battalion if they perform well.

The tasks they undertake are different, the selection criteria are different, and the treatment is also different.

The provincial garrison camps set up one town in each province, and one association town in each province, which is quite a lot. If all eighteen provinces in the Han area were set up, there would be at least 30 people, which is almost the same as the number of imperial camps.

Therefore, treating them as the armed forces of the second echelon can not only make up for the shortage of the imperial battalion, but also reduce military expenditures, and also play a role in guarding the outside and inside, so as to avoid endangering the heart.

The cavalry of the imperial camp is paid four yuan and two in January, but in fact, nine deposits are paid for three, and another three is paid, which means that the annual salary is actually fifteen months, so it is more than twice that of the guard battalion, which is equivalent to 31 months for the guard. Half the rate.

As a local guard force, the garrison battalion may even be poorly equipped. The number of cavalry and artillery is small, and the warships of the water battalion do not need to be so good.

Infantry is dominated by muskets, and armor can even be dominated by light armor.

In this way, even if the garrison battalion has 30 people, its military expenditure, equipment, training and other military expenses may be less than one-third or even only one-fourth of the imperial battalion, but it can make up for the shortage of the imperial battalion.

The imperial battalion is under the command of the five armies, while the provincial garrison battalion is under the Ministry of War. The provincial imperial battalions are under the command of the admiral of the imperial battalion, and the provincial battalion also has an admiral, but they are controlled by the governor and the governor. The two systems are not under the control of each other. The logistics are all controlled by the court.

In Zhu Yihai's plan, each province stationed an imperial battalion in one town, and then set up a guard battalion in the town. After the two towns complemented each other, the local government formed regiments to practice Baojia and serve as militia reserve, which was basically complete.

In some remote and dangerous mountainous areas, some towns with the nature of construction and reclamation were set up, and the military system of the Ming Dynasty was basically established.

Tunzhen was set up in a dangerous place. Tunzhen was a military reclamation and construction corps. Only officers and some non-commissioned officers were formally paid, and the rest were farmers and soldiers. It is enough to set aside land for them to cultivate wasteland, and then provide them with equipment, training or some subsidies when they are on duty.

Even these subsidies come from the income from the grain turned over in Tunzhen, which is equivalent to the improvement of the original guard, but it is not all the original guard, and the selection, granting of land, and appointment of officials are completely different.

A 40 imperial battalion, a 30 provincial battalion, and then about 30 towns, plus dozens of towns for regimental training reserves, are basically enough.

Now the ten towns and horses in Hebei and Shanxi provinces can be reorganized into two provincial police battalions, and then a few towns and villages in Taihang and Yanshan can be reorganized.

For the remaining soldiers, Zhu Yihai suggested that they be placed outside Xuanfu, that is, in the Zhangbeiba area outside Zhangjiakou, in the Chengde area outside Gubeikou and Xifengkou, and in the area between Nuluerhu Mountain and Songling in western Liaoning. In Daling River, Qinglong River and other river valleys, villages and villages were established there, and wasteland was cultivated.

These places outside the Great Wall, Zhu Yihai does not intend to completely surrender to the nomads, such as the upper reaches of the Laoha River between Chengde and Chifeng, where the Great Ningwei was located in the early Ming Dynasty.

Daningwei was established in the early Ming Dynasty. This is a strategically important area. Qilaotu Mountain is on the left, Nuluerhu Mountain is on the right, and the Laoha River passes through the north. The land is fertile and the water and grass are abundant. It has been an excellent pasture since ancient times. .In particular, it connects to Horqin Grassland in the north, Chaoyang in the east, Xifengkou in the south, and Gubeikou in the southwest.

If Beijing is to be the capital, this place must never be given up.

Zhu Di was able to succeed in Jing Nan, and he also got the support of King Ning and the three guards of Duoyan. But after he succeeded, he was worried about the threat of King Ning and others, so he moved to other guards. Although he moved his capital to Beijing and made several Northern Expeditions, he moved to Daning. Wei still left a huge hidden danger, which laid the groundwork for Beijing to be attacked by the enemy several times since then.

He had planned a long time ago that in the future, he would definitely take the land outside the Great Wall back under his direct control. The south of Nulu'erhu Mountain is to the sea, and the west is to Liaohe River. In the future, Liaoxi Province will be established. Arriving at Yanshan Mountain, reaching the Mulun River in Xilun in the north, and establishing Rehe Province.

The four counties of Zhangbei, Shangyi, Kangbao, and Guyuan outside the Great Wall of Xuanzhen, Fengzhen, Jining, and Liangcheng outside the Great Wall of Datong, plus Xuanhua Prefecture also established a province, called Xuanhua Province.

The three provinces of Rehe, Liaoxi, and Xuanhua are located outside the Great Wall, on three sides of Beijing, so that offense can replace defense, not just retreating to the Great Wall.

Beijing will then have a greater strategic buffer and be more secure and reliable.

"It is possible to transfer the Datong Mansion from the interior to the Xuanhua Province." Wang Zhiren suggested.

There are two Great Walls in Shanxi, one is the inner Great Wall, which is Yanmenguan Great Wall, and the other is the outer Great Wall to the north of Datong. The three passes of the Great Wall, Yanmen Pass, Ningwu Pass, and Piantou Pass are also called the Three Outer Passes, but they are actually the inner Great Wall passes.

Shahukou, Huyukou and Baiyangkou are the gateways of the Great Wall of Datong.

Xuanfu Datong, the two towns outside the inner Great Wall, used to be one of the Nine Frontiers of Ming Dynasty, but now, the Nine Frontiers defense line has long since disappeared, and now Zhu Yihai is not satisfied with restoring the original Nine Frontiers defense plan.

He planned to set up three provinces directly outside the Great Wall, immigrating to reclamation, farming and grazing, enriching the outside of the pass, and better screen the domain.In the face of nomads, we should not just keep guard, but also be proactive.

There are three provinces outside the Great Wall and the Great Wall inside.

Then, divide the boundaries of the various Mongolian ministries, form an alliance to share the management, establish the governor's office and the governor's mansion, divide and rule, rule by the ruler, and combine marriage and trade.

"Datong will not be included in Xuanhua for the time being." Zhu Yihai did not put Datong and Xuanhua, the two important places between the inner and outer Great Walls, in one basket. It is best to disassemble such strategically important places.It's like Hanzhong was originally a plate with Shu, but for military security, it was deliberately allocated to Guanzhong and Shaanxi.

Sichuan is already a land of abundance, and its geography is superior. If Hanzhong is given to Sichuan, and there is a slight turmoil in the world, Sichuan will be very easy to separate and stand on its own. Without Hanzhong, it will be much better.

Zhu Yihai's plan is to establish a new province between Hetao and Datong after recovering Hetao in the future, reaching Daqing Mountain in the north, Yinshan Langshan in the north, and Yanmen Piantoomasanguan in the south.

Wen Anzhi believed that the areas outside the Great Wall were sparsely populated, so it was possible to set up a provincial capital instead of a province.

The Xingdu Division belongs to the border area. In the Ming Dynasty, many Xingdu Divisions were set up, such as Yunyang Xingdu Division, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Huguang, Fujian, Sichuan, and even Beiping.

But now that Zhu Yihai has withdrawn the commanders and envoys of all the provinces, and where the capitals come from, of course, they can also change their names. Wen Anzhi means that although the land is vast, the population, taxation, etc. cannot support the establishment of administrative districts in a province. , it is better to still establish a military border area, the name is not important.

But Zhu Yihai felt that provinces could be set up directly to show the court's determination. As for the lack of people, the ranks of officials in these four provinces could be lowered, or the allocation of officials could be reduced.

Counties have high, middle and low levels, and prefectures have different sizes, so this province can certainly do it.

Zhu Yihai now cancels the northern and southern Zhili, and the southern Zhili is changed to Jiangdong and Jiangbei provinces, while the northern Zhili is now renamed Hebei, Beijing, Nanjing and Tokyo are now Zhili prefectures, directly under the central jurisdiction of the imperial court, Nanjing Yingtian, Beijing Shuntian, Tokyo Fengtian.

To build nests and attract phoenixes, plan well first, and then unswervingly develop. In the future, the four provinces outside the Great Wall will not only immigrate to reclaim wasteland, but also immigrate and graze. They can be used as military horse farms and pastures for the royal and imperial courts, and they can also develop minerals. It can also do border market trade, and there is still great potential for development.

In fact, just like the Ming Dynasty's policy on Yunyang and other places, it was empty at the beginning, and refugees were not allowed to enter.In history, the Manchu and Qing dynasties closed the pass to areas outside the pass, from Hetao to Liaodong, and prohibited Han people from leaving the pass.

Later, in order to maintain the rule outside the customs, the customs were forced to be opened, so there was a big wave of immigration such as going to the east of the Guandong, taking the west entrance, traveling to the ancient road, going to Nanyang, and going to Jinshan.

Outer Mongolia, especially the Hetao area, is actually suitable for farming, and the Han people don't necessarily have to farm, they can also breed and graze.

It's just that in the past, the rulers of the Central Plains had poor control over the outside of the pass. Considering the cost of ruling, they gave up outside the pass and defended it according to the Great Wall.

That’s why the Ming Dynasty was like this, and so was the Qing Dynasty later. They guarded the customs and enjoyed the small days inside the customs. They didn’t care about the outside of the customs. That’s why Tsarist Russia was able to travel thousands of miles from Europe to the east, conquer the vast Siberia, and finally occupied Vladivostok.

If the Central Plains can change this mentality of guarding the Great Wall, and can be more pioneering and enterprising, with the perseverance and determination of the ancient Eastern Chinese nation, in fact, Siberia may not be occupied by Tsarist Russia.

Zhu Yihai doesn't intend to rest on his laurels anymore.

It is necessary to go to the west entrance and pass through the Guandong. In the future, it will go to Nanyang and pass through the Western Regions.

"Since Your Majesty intends to set up four provinces outside the Great Wall in the future, it is better to put the ten towns in Shanxi and Hebei provinces in one step, cut half of them first, and then reorganize the rest with the imperial camp, so that we can The imperial battalions of the six provinces will be reorganized and the guard battalions of the six provinces will be added, and the ones that will be dismantled can be resettled in the four provinces outside the Great Wall as settlements and settlements." Wen Anzhi made a suggestion.

Instead of directly reducing and reorganizing the ten towns in the two provinces, it is better to reorganize with Yuying and other provincial towns, Yiyong, etc., so that those hills can be dismantled even more, and there will be fewer hidden dangers in the future.

This reorganization can make the imperial camp the backbone.The imperial battalion has also been expanded, and the provincial police can also guarantee control. If it is saved, it will come again later.

"Alright!" Zhu Yihai nodded. "First come up with a plan, first reorganize the imperial camps, provincial camps, and garrison camps in Shanxi and Hebei provinces, and then reorganize the imperial camps in the four provinces outside the Great Wall. Step by step, don't worry, try to be as stable as possible."

(End of this chapter)