musicians of old

The movement principle behind it?
The origin of various command techniques?

Restore the design process of each action?
Seeing the surprised expressions of Kaprun and Sheeran who was watching, Fanning, who raised his pencil, added: "Well, don't be surprised, this is normal, and those conductors who are inspired and self-taught may not I can explain it clearly to you.”

It cannot be blamed for these professors being clumsy.

The world cannot even be blamed for "emphasizing inspiration and despising theory."

The art of conducting is too difficult to describe in words. Even as a parallel reference, at the turn of the 20th century in Fanning’s previous life, the German-Austrian Academy, known as the core birthplace of classical music, did not have a systematic “conducting Legal Theory" appeared.

Even the baton in today's sense was not widely used until the end of the 19th century, and these times may be much later than people's conventional understanding.

Although masters emerge in endlessly, if you ask how they play so well?Either because of "respect from ancestors", or learning music since childhood, with strong perception, and other musical fields such as composition and piano are superb, so when you come to the conductor, you can rely on your feeling and fight for your talent.

It was the same when the elders taught the younger generations in that era. After teaching the basic movements, let the students learn to swing by themselves. If the understanding is good, they will become direct disciples. If the understanding is not good, there is a saying that everyone who understands this kind of thing understands it. Even if you say it, you don't understand.
The conductors in this world are the same, either they learn by analogy and are self-taught, or they have a very high understanding, and they will know it at a glance.

But when it comes to Kaprun, the problem is big. If he continues to practice like this, he will never "find the feeling", and he has always been a qualified command assistant.

On the other hand, Fanning's situation is a bit special.

Looking at his life alone, his commanding talent is quite good, coupled with his background in music majors, and Anton Konar, a master-level musician (of course Fanning believes that his value has not yet been recognized by the world ) taught him everything.

Coupled with the inspiration and blessing of mysticism, Fan Ning can get along very well in the field of commanding with his talent in this life.

As for his past life's amateur study and research experience, including the experience of conducting an orchestra for him because the teacher admired him in the university, it seems to be "100 plus 1" useless, but it is not the case.

What he studied was a systematic and scientific modern command theory. After this kind of memory was fused, it was not "100 1" at all, but "100xN"!
Not only enjoy the inspiration "bonus" of this world, but also have the blessing of complete music theory from the previous life.

The reason why Fan Ning's command level quickly rose to a higher level after the time travel is because although those modern command theories had limited additions to his amateur background in his previous life, they quickly proved to be stronger after changing to a professional high-inspiration foundation.

At the same time, this is also very suitable for teaching now, especially for Kaprun, who used to be similar to himself.

Fanning discovered early on that Kaplan's understanding is actually very high.

A person with a non-major background can barely qualify for the post of assistant conductor of the student orchestra in such a short period of time.

Of course, this is also inseparable from his "too curly" attitude.

It's just that if he wants to advance, he can't follow the "metaphysics" teaching method. He needs rationality to guide him, just like his smart financial mind. …

"As a conductor, the most basic and core task is to accurately show the speed and rhythm to the orchestra, and their judgment of your movements mainly depends on the 'beat point', so the design of all conductor movements revolves around the primary issue of clarity Showcasing 'Tap Points', we start with the raw—"

Fanning, holding a pencil, began to draw a circle evenly in the air clockwise.

"Look, if I conduct a piece like this, do you think you can judge the tempo?"

"Yes." Kaplan replied without hesitation, "Because you are moving at a constant speed, and it goes round and round, I can determine the duration of a beat or a measure based on the cycle, um... But I can only judge the speed, there is no rhythm at all, because I Don't know when to start or beat, so, it's not playable."

"Very good, we now add the first variable." Fanning praised.

When the pencil in his hand is drawing a circle, every time it passes the lowest point, it will suddenly accelerate, and then use the natural inertia to gradually slow down when it is lifted, and so on.

"now what?"

"There is a rhythm, because there is a beat point." Kaplan still replied immediately, "You have emphasized the position of the lowest point, I can use it as the starting beat, and the time it takes to reach the second repetition is this beat speed."

"Then do you think it's easy for you to play if I conduct like this?"

"Not good." Kaprun shook his head instinctively.

"why?"

"It may be that the cycle is too long." Kaplan thought for a while, "This way my interpretation is too slow, and as long as there is a slight change in the music, I can't predict and reflect this change in the first place."

"Then why is it so long and can't reflect the change?" Fan Ning asked persuasively.

"Because... there is no reference?" Kaplan said tentatively.

"more specific."

"Because there is only one 'anchor'?"

"Very good, now we add the second variable." Fanning smiled slightly.

When the pencil in his hand is drawing clockwise, he still accelerates suddenly after passing the lowest point, and then gradually decelerates by using natural inertia, but when he passes the highest point, he starts to accelerate ahead of time, so that when he passes the lowest point for the second time, due to There is already a base speed, so there is no need to "suddenly" accelerate, and then use the inertia to gradually decelerate as usual.

There are thus two 'anchor points' for the circular motion of the Fanning pencil: the lowest and fastest point, and the highest and slowest point.

"This is called a 'swing'." Fan Ning said, "Pay attention to my movements, so the essence of the swing is actually to continuously accelerate and decelerate around these two points."

Kaplan watched Fanning intently, and he found that this indeed formed a most basic beat model: a clear tempo, a clear rhythm, and easy to predict.

"Of course, in order not to cause trouble to the musicians, our acceleration and deceleration movements must be smooth and natural, and there should be no more 'sudden' force like 'start', especially when falling from the slowest height. There must not be a trace of stagnation. So the starting frame I use is a circle, which is easy for you to smooth, and in practice it does not matter whether the circle is round or not." …

"Remember this original framework." Fanning kept moving his hands, "I'm going to start to define."

"In a clockwise motion, the lowest and fastest point is called the 'first drop point', and the highest and slowest point is the 'second drop point'. From the 'first drop point' to the 'second drop point' this The first deceleration process is called "movement after the point", and the acceleration process from the "second drop point" to the "first drop point" is called "movement before the point".

"Just two points, two trajectories, isn't it difficult to remember?"

Kaplan stared at it for about half a minute, then nodded.

"My framework is finished," Fanning said.

"Ah...that's it?" Kaprun scratched his head, "To be honest, these two sets of concepts are really not complicated compared to those harmony and counterpoint skills, and it's easier to fight." He began to imitate Fanning Waving the baton, "I was ready, thinking that you would derive more complex concepts based on this, and the latter is quite common in the fields of finance and mathematics."

"That's it." Fan Ning smiled mysteriously, "Next, I'm going to start writing questions."

"How do you distinguish between the so-called point swing and linear swing of the academic school?"

"Is this the problem right here?" Kaprun's hand froze.

He thought that this was the "ultimate question" that could only be answered at the end of Fanning's teaching.

After talking about the basic model and two sets of concepts, you start to answer it yourself?

However, the mind of a financial practitioner like Kaprun is obviously not simple. He understood that this must have something to do with the circular motion Fanning talked about, so he started this action again.

Suddenly, he realized something and his eyes lit up.

"One thing, they are the same thing, at least 2/2 and 2/4 beats are the same thing, its beat point, beat line and reflection line are your 'first landing point', 'first point' Two drop points', 'movement after the point' and 'movement before the point'. The so-called point swing and linear swing are just different in the degree of deformation of the 'circle'!"

"To be specific, how is it different?" Fanning asked.

"Well... if I want the style to be cheerful and upbeat, I make it a little more 'out-of-round', so it becomes a harder point swing; and if it's a lyrical or mournful passage, I make it It draws a little more 'arc', and it becomes a soft linear swing!
"

Kaprun's heart began to be faintly excited, and even Xilan's brain began to work rapidly.

The most common and diametrically opposite swings in these two commands are actually the same in essence! ?Can all be explained by Fanning's theory?

Why has no professor ever talked about it like this? ?
"Very good, then I will ask another question." Fanning smiled.

"I want to instruct the band to play the accent on the next beat, how?"

...Uh, this is naturally a wider swing of the beat.Kaplan wanted to speak reflexively, but shut up immediately.

Strength?Why did Professor Fan Ning ask a question about strength instead of speed?

Is the strength also related to this movement model?

"Give me a hint, no matter the accent or the weak tone, it must mean 'change'." Fanning said.

Kaplan thought for a long time this time.

"Let me give you another reminder, 'moving after the point' decelerates, and 'moving before the point' accelerates, both of them have 'acceleration'." …

"Change the positions of the two 'anchor points' of the circular motion!" Kaplan suddenly excitedly said.

His expression became vaguely agitated: "Wait...wait...let me infer, what you want is the accent, that is to become stronger...increase the strength, so the acceleration must be greater, and this part of the time should be shorter, or before Need more energy..."

"I see, move the position of the highest and slowest point, which is what you called the 'second landing point'! For example, move from the top 12 o'clock position to the 2 o'clock position!"

"In this way, I got closer when I returned to the lowest 'first landing point', and the accumulated strength of this 'pre-point movement' was naturally 'longer'. Give the band a cue for the next beat!"

"Just by breaking the symmetry of 'movement before the point' and 'movement after the point', can I make dynamic changes at will?"

Fanning's simple set of actions and two questions were like throwing a piece of charcoal into the ice of Kaplan's usual confused thoughts, which quickly began to melt from the middle!
Kaprun walked up and down, talking to himself repeatedly: "Then if I put the 'second landing point' in front, then it is too far away from the 'first landing point', the next beat will be soft and soft, and the band will know that it is going to be weak." Played."

"And the further back the 'Second Point' is, the more violent the blow to the 'First Point', so I can make any accents I want according to my mood!"

"Professor Fanning, you are like a god!

"

"It's half past ten, you're crazy! The nearby professors are going to rest." Seeing Kaprun's voice getting louder, Olga hurriedly scolded, but in fact she also had a smile in her eyes.

I don't know how distressed he was when he was studying these issues on weekdays, but now he was called by Fan Ning in a short period of time, how could he not be happy for him.

“其实不光2/2和2/4拍。”范宁继续道，“所有的都可以，我现在给你演示3/4拍和4/4拍是怎么利用‘基础圆周运动’变化出来的”

Kaprun watched intently. He gradually discovered that all the academic techniques he had mastered before could be changed from Fan Ning's hands, as long as the relative positions of the "first point" and "second point" were changed, or the "point" could be changed. The trajectory ratio of post-motion' and 'point-front motion', or combine multiple basic units.

Fanning demonstrated several representative clips, allowing Kaplan to try to gradually change from 'circular motion' to the required swing shape-in ​​stage practice, it is certainly impossible for someone to draw circles at the band.

Capron's speed is very fast.

Because he has memorized the six commonly used academic formulas, and now Fanning has revealed the more essential original formulas behind them.

The actions are the same as before.

But the experience is completely different.

"Professor Fanning, I have found the feeling." Kaplan wiped his sweat, "Those professors always said that I was almost emotional before, but when the range became bigger, they immediately said that my beat was out of order, so they asked me to find a maintenance , trade-off or balance, if you can’t find it, you are not proficient in basic skills. Who knows that the two are essentially the same framework, there is no conflict at all, there is no trade-off at all, I finally found the feeling...” …

"As I said, it's not a matter of 'finding feelings' or 'brewing emotions' at all." Fan Ning shook his head with a smile, "The premise that music can move people's hearts is correct. The player made exaggerated postures, repeatedly emphasizing 'wide opening and closing', 'the waist drives the arms to exert force', 'the feet provide elastic support'... As a result, the basic rhythm and expression terms seen by the musicians under him were all different. Not accurate, not to mention the sound balance of the voice part, people who don’t know it think they are sharing fitness experience...”

"Any art is 'flying freely in shackles'. Here, 'shackles' can be replaced by more neutral words like 'principles' or 'rules'. Conducting is of course also an art... Once you have mastered the 'principles', If you can make 99% of the score of a piece of normal difficulty, you are already an outstanding 'young conductor', and you can then consider the issue of strong personal style."

Kaplan stood upright, nodding repeatedly.

"Assign a homework." Fan Ning glanced at the clock on the wall, "After returning home, practice the derivation process just now, and think about the suitable pieces of music for each form... Now you are promoting the simple system from A to B. It should be no problem, but if A1 to B1, A2 to B2, A3 to B3, the expression terms indicating multiple voices are interspersed and changed one after another, I am afraid it will go back to the old way. Next, I will teach you how to deal with this kind of complex system .”

Kaprun has put away his baton and took out his notebook to record quickly.

"get out of class is over." Fanning waved his hand.

Kaprun quickly took out a bulging envelope from his briefcase: "Professor Fanning, I will pay you a quarter's salary in advance. The professor I hired once paid a maximum of 30 pounds for class hours. I think you should at least double it..."

"If I want to make money, I need you as a student?" Fan Ning shook his head and smiled.

"Mr. Fanning..." Olga on the sofa stood up hastily.

"Take it back." Fan Ning got up from the piano and moved his body. "It costs thousands of pounds a quarter, and the annual income of a high-end middle-class family is only so much. Just your income after quitting the financial world? You are really willing."

He snatched the envelope from Kaplan's hand and stuffed it back into the other's pocket: "If you feel embarrassed, make progress as soon as possible. After the establishment of the band, you will have to bear the heavy tasks."

"Ah?" Kaplan was finally distracted, "Listen to you, my face..."

"What's the interview? Get ready to work. The former permanent conductor of the symphony orchestra has a weekly salary of 80 pounds."

"No problem." Fanning spoke halfway, and Kaplan happily agreed, but immediately got excited, and confirmed cautiously and tremblingly:

"What did you say? Constant...permanent commander? Eighty pounds?"