Master Archaeologist

Chapter 102 Is there a kind of prince and general?

In the dormitory, Chen Han and Zhuang Yunpeng were having dinner and drinking some wine.

"Forget it, the one that was stolen from tomb M2 is called clean!"

Zhuang Yunpeng was so depressed that he gulped down a bottle of beer.

[Suizhou Wenfeng Pagoda Cemetery of Marquis Zeng] The excavation project has been going on for a month.

The excavation progressed smoothly, but the harvest was very disappointing.

It is different from the excavation full of surprises every day like the Fenghuangshan Han Tombs.

Here at Wenfeng Pagoda, everyone in the Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Social Sciences, sighs and sighs every day, and the first sentence they say when they meet each other is to scold the tomb robber.

Too ruthless, really too ruthless.

Chen Han originally thought that the M1 tomb he handled was miserable enough.

But when he heard about the situation of tomb No. M2 from Zhuang Yunpeng, he realized that there is no worst, only worse.

At least two tripods remained in tomb No. M1, and in the past week, two pieces of gé (gé) and one copper pot have been cleared out one after another.

Li is a utensil with a round mouth and three hollow legs. Like the tripod, it is also a cooking utensil for cooking.

Copper pot is a kind of container with round belly, square shape, cover, and ring ears, which can be used to hold water or wine.

The bronze ice mirror fou unearthed from the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng is a bronze fou that can be called the national treasure. It is huge in size and exquisitely crafted, and it is the pinnacle of art in BC.

Fou was an important ritual vessel during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

Only a few large-scale tombs have unearthed bronze fou.

Moreover, the fou also has the function of a musical instrument. During the Mianchi meeting in the Warring States period, Lin Xiangru once forced the king of Qin to play the fou.

At the opening ceremony of the 08 Olympic Games, the magnificent scene of thousands of people beating the fou and singing was shocking.

Of course, the copper pot that was cleared from the seal of Tomb No. M1 in Wenfeng Pagoda is not so exquisite.

It should be only a quarter the size of the original.

But Chen Han is very optimistic.

If the copper fou was intact, it would have been stolen by tomb robbers a long time ago, and it would not have been left in tomb M1 to give later archaeologists a chance to see the truth.

"Junior brother, please be content, at least you can still find bronze vessels, even if they are severely damaged, they are still precious and serious ritual vessels!"

Zhuang Yunpeng patted Chen Han's chest bitterly: "Do you know what is the most valuable thing we found in tomb M2?"

"It's funny to say, it's a turquoise bead!"

"Other than this, what's the rest?"

"13 copper arrowheads, that is, copper arrowheads."

"The copper components of the 15 carriages and horses are not much different in size from nuts."

"6 car accessories, a copper ring, two copper pins, a few scattered bone tools, and an antler!"

"And then it was gone! There are only so few things left in the five-meter-long and five-meter-wide coffin chamber!"

"The bronze ritual vessels that should have filled the coffin chamber, including the gui, li, hu, jue, chime bells, chariots and horses, were all stolen!"

"Those tomb robbers didn't even leave a complete set of chariots and horses, they only left us some corner parts!"

Zhuang Yunpeng sighed, and said in a funny and angry tone: "On the contrary, there are two sacrificial coffins, which were not spotted by the tomb robbers. The corpses inside were not stolen, and the burial objects were well preserved."

"But for those who were buried for the nobles, what valuables can there be? The two burial coffins contain several pottery tripods, pottery bowls, and pottery pots."

"You know, the same utensils, those made of bronze are ritual vessels, but those made of pottery are not."

The tripod made of bronze can be said to symbolize state power and is a ritual vessel.

But the tripod made of pottery is really just a cooking utensil, without any special color.

After all, Dayu made the Jiuding made of bronze, not pottery.

During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, nobles used bronze, slaves and low-level commoners used pottery, and the classes were very distinct.

"However, it is really cruel to use people to be buried in slave society." Zhuang Yunpeng took a sip of wine with a very complicated expression.

"For the two sacrificial coffins, the remains in the east coffin are relatively complete. The long bone fragments of the limbs are relatively slender, the muscle attachment line is weaker, and the greater sciatic notch is wider and shallower."

"According to the comprehensive judgment of tooth age and skeletal characteristics, it is a young woman aged 25-30."

"The bones in the western coffin were severely corroded, and the part above the pelvis was missing. It is no longer possible to determine the gender, but it can also be determined by the age of the teeth. The age at the time of the burial was about 25 years old."

Chen Han felt the same way, and smiled self-deprecatingly: "If we lived in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, at this age we would probably die as human beings."

"I remember that there is a large tomb in the tomb area of ​​the Shang King in the Yin Ruins of Anyang, in which more than 360 slaves were buried, most of them were teenagers under the age of 20, and there were even a large number of young children."

"The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, although it is a splendid era in history books, it is an era of cultural and artistic explosion."

"But it cannot be denied that it was also a horrible era of slavery."

"The nobles not only enjoy a lot of privileges, but also have a high status. Even if the nobles are captured in the war between the two armies, they must be treated kindly. They can be sent back to the country after paying the ransom."

"The status of prisoners of war, slaves, serfs, and savages who are not nobles is extremely low. They can be killed at will just for fun."

"Speaking of which, what the nobles played in the Middle Ages in Europe was played in China 3000 years ago."

"Yes." Zhuang Yunpeng shook his head, and said in a melancholy tone: "That was an era when princes and generals really had kindness."

"The son of Gongqing will still be Gongqing in the future, and all rights will be inherited hereditary, Shiqing Shilu."

"The descendants of nobles will always be nobles."

"The descendants of slaves and serfs will always be slaves and serfs."

"We have to wait until Lord Shang appears to break this status quo."

Many people thought that it was the appearance of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, and the shout by the bank of Daze Township: "The princes and generals have a kindness"!
Only then did it break the era of nobles who had been passed down in China for thousands of years, allowing commoners to stir up the situation, break the solidification of classes, and have the possibility to become nobles.

But in fact, it was Lord Shang who ended the Huaxia Shiqing and Shilu system, opened up a path for ordinary people to rise, and made the eternal nobles fall into the clouds.

It was Shang Yang's reform that ended the Shiqing Shilu system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

It was also Shang Yang's military merit and honorary system, which gave civilians and even slaves who could not read a single word a chance to become nobles and change their destiny.

Half of Qin Shihuang's team to unify the world are elites who climbed up from the common people!
Before Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, Li Si, a "no seed" commoner, had already become the prime minister of Qin with his own efforts!

"Mr. Shang, you are indeed a talent beyond the limitations of the times." Chen Han sighed and nodded.

If you want to say who he admired the most during the Warring States Period.

It wasn't those giants who stirred up the world, nor those heroic and invincible generals who conquered dozens of cities in one battle.

It was this Shang Jun who ended an old era with his own hands and opened the door to a new era for Chinese civilization.

"Dong dong dong..."

A sudden knock on the door interrupted Chen Han and Zhuang Yunpeng's drunken nonsense, and also interrupted Chen Han's wandering thoughts.

The dormitory door was hastily opened from the outside.

Zhang Jianbo walked in in a hurry, regardless that Chen Han and Zhuang Yunpeng were having dinner, he pulled Chen Han up and walked out.

"Junior Brother Chen, a set of chime bells was found in the mound of tomb M1!"

"Professor Li asked me to come to you and identify the inscription on the chime together!"

　It will be delivered at five o'clock, and the code will make me dizzy. It's not easy! !
　　
　
(End of this chapter)