Master Archaeologist

Chapter 379 This Doesn't Comply With The System!
The rich geological strata of the Song Dynasty go further down, and directly come to the strata of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the strata were distributed in the eastern part of Tanfang in a trend of being high in the west and low in the east. A small number of pottery sherds were unearthed, including hard-grained pottery.

It can be seen that during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Zhongchuming site group should have traces of human activities, but it did not become a densely populated area.

Think about it, this was the land of Wu and Yue at that time. In the impression of Shang and Zhou people, it was a land of barbarians, where a group of barbarians with tattoos covered their faces lived. It is normal that there are few people.

Up to the lowest layer, which is the soil layer that remains now, is the stratum of the Liangzhu culture period, and it is not only distributed in the east of Tanfang in a trend of high in the west and low in the east.

Moreover, many pottery pieces were unearthed, mainly muddy gray pottery and sandy red pottery. It can be distinguished that the shapes of the vessels include fish-fin-shaped tripod feet, "T"-shaped tripod feet, ring-foot plates, beans, scorpions, and lids. richness.

Even under this layer, there are also relics H1 and H2, that is to say, two ash pits.

Ash pits are common remains in archaeological excavations.Because the pit is filled with gray soil, it is called ash pit.

The ash pit is formed by ancient people using abandoned cellars, wells, or pits after borrowing soil from buildings to dump garbage, and the soil in the garbage turns gray.The soil in the ash pit is generally softer, darker in color and richer in inclusions than the soil in the cultural layer.

According to the shape, characteristics and relics of the pit, the nature and age of the ash pit can be determined, which is an important material for studying the economic life of ancient people.

And below this layer, the soil layer below is raw soil, which has no archaeological significance.

It cannot be said that it is meaningless. It is possible to dig down to the soil layer millions of years ago, and there may be fossils, but obviously this is not what this archaeological project is looking for.

Therefore, the 22 expeditions eventually stayed in the strata of the Liangzhu Culture period.

而在挖到良渚文化层之后，1100平方的发掘面积里，揭露出了良渚文化时期土台1处，土台顶部发现墓葬4座、灰坑1个、红烧土堆积1处，土台外围发现和清理水井2座、灰坑18个、灰沟3条。

Yes, burials were also found!
A large number of scrap jade materials related to jade making, semi-finished jade products, remnants, whetstones, grinding stones, drilling tools and carving tools have been unearthed from the abandoned accumulations. It is basically certain that this is a jade workshop.

But near the workshop, tombs were also discovered, which brought a lot of confusion to the archaeological work.

How could anyone be buried near here?
Using a modern analogy, it’s like someone buried himself in a factory after death, or next to the factory. What’s the situation?
Deep love for this jade workshop?To be with you even in death?
Most of these tombs are rectangular vertical pit tombs with straight walls and flat bottoms.

其中，M1号墓长2.07、宽在0.64～0.71米左右、深度只有0.06米。

What do you mean, that is, during the Liangzhu period, this tomb was dug shallowly, about ten centimeters deep, and the deepest could not exceed 20 centimeters, and then people were buried in it.

Over time and geological changes, it appears that the depth is only 6 centimeters left.

This relieved some doubts of Kong Jianwen and others.

At least judging from the M1 tomb, the people who were buried near the Jade Workshop were probably some unlucky ones, because they died in the Jade Workshop because of something, and their status was very low, maybe they were ordinary civilians or even slaves, so It was buried directly on the spot.

If you die there, just bury it there, and don't stay long.

It seems that Liangzhu people still have some experience in epidemic prevention, and they know that the dead should not stay around for too long, so as not to be infected by some infectious things on the corpse.

Of course, such a shallow "grave pit" must have no traces of burial utensils, and it is difficult to put a coffin even a few centimeters deep.

In fact, not to mention the burial utensils, even the bones were not found in the pit, and there were no bones left at all.

Only some funerary objects can be left behind.

Yes, when the funerary objects were found, Chen Han couldn't help being puzzled!
Because the funeral objects are quite rich.

In the tomb, which is two meters long and only 70 centimeters wide, 13 funerary objects were unearthed.

其中玉器10件，分别为镯1件、锥形器5件、半圆形饰1件、管2件、玉料1件，其中3件玉锥形器成组出于头部。

There are 3 pieces of pottery, which are pots, ring-foot plates, and tripods. The pottery is poorly preserved.

3 pieces of jade cones come out of the head in a group. What is the concept?
This shows that the Liangzhu man buried here is at least at the level of being able to wear a "crown"!
Although no jade crown was found, it is possible that he was buried wearing a crown made of bamboo, wood, or silk.

Later, due to the passage of time, the organic matter rotted until it was completely mixed with the soil, leaving only the undecomposable jade cone still on the head.

That's when such a situation appeared, there was a jade cone, but there was no jade crown.

Judging from the current Liangzhu tomb excavation situation.

Jade crowns are not for everyone.

At least it must be worn by the royal family and important priests who have mastered theocratic power.

Generally unearthed in the Fanshan Mausoleum in the innermost city of Liangzhu Ancient City, or the Jiangjiashan Cemetery next to the inner layer, and suspected representatives of theocracy buried near important altars in Liangzhu.

Only these people can wear what looks like a jade crown.

but!

This does not mean that the "crown" of Liangzhu people is only made of jade.

rank, class.

This is the embryonic stage of human society, the earliest thing born.

Specific to the various official positions in later generations, as well as the official uniforms and official seals corresponding to various official positions, it is a distinction of rank.

Low-level officials used copper and stone to make seals, middle-level officials used silver, high-level princes used gold, and emperors used jade.

In the Liangzhu ancient country system, the "crown" should also be a very important artifact, and there are grades.

The senior ruling class can wear a crown made of jade, and a large number of jade cones are inserted on the crown as accessories.

Well, it looks like Indians with feathers on their heads. In short, it is like a hedgehog, showing rights.

The lower-level nobles may not be able to use jade, but they can use other lower-level things to make crowns.

And this lower-level thing may be difficult to preserve. Even if it is not silk, it may be a crown made of bamboo or wood.

Of course, to be able to wear a "crown" of this level, one must not be an ordinary person, at least one must be an aristocrat.

However, in this jade workshop, the owner of tomb No. M1, who was buried in a hurry without any burial utensils and was almost treated like a commoner, could have so many jade funeral objects, plus something that looks like a "crown" ?
This is not in line with the system!
(End of this chapter)