Nineteenth Century Medical Guide

Chapter 3 3. Three Conditions
Located in the west of the city, the University of Vienna has been established for 500 years and is the oldest university in Austria.

The affiliated medical school is one of the largest medical universities in the world and one of the oldest medical training and research sites in Europe. It has continuously provided a large number of outstanding medical talents for several hospitals in the city.

"Talent? You say these graduates are talents?!"

The person who asked the question was Ignacz, chief of surgery at the Vienna City General Hospital, and the author of the anatomy collection in Carvey's hand.

At this time, he had just stepped off the operating table, and was sitting in his office chair drinking coffee, looking across the table from Alina, the vice president of personnel management of the hospital, and discussing the work of newcomers in a friendly way.

Alina just came to the hospital not long ago, and what she faced was the rigid system, disorganized staff and low work efficiency, and the situation was not optimistic.The status of women is also forcing her to make real achievements as soon as possible. Only in this way can she continue to gain a firm foothold in the hospital.

The specific method has no technical content. In a simple summary, the monarch and the courtiers will inject fresh blood into the hospital, replace the old with the new, and when the new people become the old, it will promote the birth of a new system.

These graduates were recruited by her from the medical school and entered the hospital after two screenings. To scold them is to scold Alina herself.She couldn't accept such an evaluation and had to fight for it: "They are the best graduates in the medical school, and they all achieved very good results during their schooling."

"You mean that as long as you have good grades, you are a talent?"

Ignatz put down his coffee cup, picked up the list on the side, and turned out the stack of student resumes:
"I have to admit that these children's medical school examination results are indeed excellent, especially these few are better than when I was studying in the hospital. But can I become a surgeon if I have good grades? Can I use a scalpel to help a patient cut the small intestine with a good grade? Or can he do a good job as a hemostasis assistant in a cesarean section? Or."

"Egg~"

Alina knew very well why he was angry, and she had no room for further quarrels, she could only choose to use softness to overcome rigidity: "I know yesterday afternoon's operation made you very angry, they really have little experience, mistakes are always inevitable, you Gotta give them a chance."

"There are no second chances for patients!"

"But we are really short of surgeons. If we don't give these medical students an answer today, they will definitely choose to go to other hospitals."

"They are no different from murderers, they go wherever they like."

"This is groundless accusation and slander!"

"It's true, my 12-bed patient was killed by them!"

Ignatz didn't like this at all, Elina could only use some tough methods when she saw this.

She breathed a long sigh of relief, and straightened the black skirt that was a little messy because of anger: "Director Ignatz, I am the vice president of personnel management of this hospital, and I have the right to admit them, but you have no right to ask. "

"Yes, I have no right to ask."

Ignatz is well aware of the scope of his power, so he is quite well prepared for this counterattack:
"You could have assigned them to the medical ward, where you just put a stethoscope on the patient anyway. They ain't so ignorant as to strangle a patient with a stethoscope, and they can't kill anyone with that crap. "

Ignatz's poisonous tongue is well-known throughout the school, and he has almost paranoid strict requirements on his subordinates.

Looking at the whole hospital, the only one who has the same status and can compete with him is Elina: "The internal medicine ward doesn't need so many doctors, and I have the right to assign their work places!"

"No problem, you can admit them, or assign them to the surgical ward." Ignatz was not afraid at all, picked up the coffee cup and took another sip, and continued after moistening his throat, "The same Yes, I also have the right to decide whether or not to stay in the operating room."

"It's as absurd for a surgeon not to be able to enter the operating room as for a physician to lose his stethoscope, you can't do that!"

"I'm the director of the surgical ward, of course I can."

While trying to win job opportunities for medical students, at the same time trying to find successors for their own hospital.Alina is tactful and delicate in handling things, and she is persevering enough to achieve her goals, but she can appear too hysterical at certain times.

The other side is completely self-centered, full of machismo, and at the same time brings together the two qualities necessary for a nineteenth-century surgeon: self-confidence and boldness.It's just that the aristocratic elegance in Ignatz didn't have any positive effects. Instead, these two characters evolved into: arrogant and unscrupulous.

He had 1 reasons to hate these medical students, because they really messed up the cesarean section, killing two people. (1)

But thinking that there are really too few doctors available in the ward, he had to make a concession: "Forget it, I agree to admit two medical students to work in my ward."

Alina didn't expect him to let go, she was taken aback for a while, and quickly followed up: "It must be guaranteed that they can enter the operating room."

"no problem."

"Three!"

Ignatz was stunned, looking at the three fingers she stretched out, the swear words seemed to be pressed down to her throat: "Hey, you are too."

"Now there are only you, Sears, and Herman in the entire surgical ward. If you don't add new doctors, how can you compete with other hospitals for patients?" Elena asked, "Is it because of those rumbling steam engines?"

"That's fine."

Ignatz hesitated for a moment, then took out three copies from the stack of student lists and handed them over: "That's all they are."

Alina took the resume and nodded, "They will come here to report on time before eight o'clock tomorrow."

"Don't rush away, I haven't finished yet."

"I knew you had a request, so tell me, what do you want?"

"I need to buy another hand-operated suction device, it must be made in Germany!" (2)

"It's not cheap." Alina hesitated for a while, but still agreed: "I need to discuss it with the finance department, but there shouldn't be any problem."

"There is also the apprenticeship system!" Ignatz reiterated what he had been emphasizing, "I can put them in the surgical ward, or in the operating room. But it must, you can hear me clearly, I mean must! They have to study in the hospital for at least half a year, put aside those superior attitudes, and start everything as an apprentice!"

Alina finally frowned: "Do you think you are teaching sculpture?"

"Surgery is much harder than carving! And"

Ignatz glanced at her and gave a specific example: "Britain passed the "Clinical Physician and Pharmacist Act" as early as 1815, requiring medical students to complete at least half a year of clinical apprenticeship before they can officially work. The expectations of these students are too low.”

Compared with doctors, apprentices are a very degraded working class, and it is sometimes more uncomfortable to let the children of nobles and celebrities become apprentices than to kill them. (3)

Alina is not an unreasonable person, since the other party has made concessions, she has to show something: "Forget it, I will talk to them tomorrow."

"That's my bottom line."

"I know."

"Then let's talk about the last one."

Alina frowned: "Why do you ask so much?"

"Three people and three conditions, isn't that too much?"

"Tell me, under what conditions?"

"Corpse, I want a corpse!" Ignatz didn't express his true thoughts until then, "I hope that a corpse will be sent to my autopsy room every week instead of those dead pigs in the slaughterhouse! "

Alina was also very helpless: "You should know that death row prisoners can no longer be used. Now a corpse costs at least 30 crowns on the black market. How much money do you make a month?" (4)

"The hospital spends more than 30 crowns a year. Is it difficult to get some corpses for [-] crowns?"

Anatomy is the most direct and effective way for surgeons to familiarize themselves with the internal structure of the human body. In the absence of surgical techniques and anatomical knowledge, the success rate of surgical treatment is very low. To find effective surgical methods, one must rely on corpses.

Alina certainly hoped that Ignatz's work would be carried out smoothly, but it was a pity that her personal connections and financial power were not in her hands: "I have to talk to the dean, he is more familiar with Vienna's three schools and nine streams."

"Hurry up, at least get me one in the next two days."

After failing three operations in a row this week, Ignatz was really impatient: "I have to do a few more operations this week. I don't want them to sleep on the hospital bed waiting to die."

"I can only do my best."

"I want affirmation."

"Row"

Alina finally finished her job as the deputy dean, and after looking at the list of students she had just received, her tone suddenly softened.Before she left, she didn't forget to look at her husband's slightly haggard face, put one hand on his shoulder, and asked softly, "Are you going home for dinner tonight?"

Ignatz looked at the medical records on the table, and held her somewhat cold hand: "I have to go to the autopsy room at night, and I won't be coming back."

Ignaz is the most famous surgeon in Austria, and he manages the three major wards of the hospital: obstetrics, general surgery and orthopedics.But just like what my wife said just now, the Municipal General Hospital has no room for him to continue messing around. (5)

The corpse is very important, and the hospital also has difficulties. The source of the corpse is a difficult problem for surgeons all over Europe. It is impossible for Ignaz to pin all his hopes on the hospital.

"Herman! Herman!!"

A small young man at the door heard the call, stood up abruptly and ran into the office: "Teacher, I'm here!"

"Go get me a carriage."

"Carriage?" Herman didn't understand the meaning, thinking that he had forgotten that there was a surgical training class in the afternoon, "Teacher, you have a class at three o'clock in the afternoon, mainly teaching suturing and wound trimming."

"No, you come on."

After speaking, Ignatz picked up the coat behind the chair and went straight out.

"I?"

Herman followed Ignatz out of the office, feeling both surprised and happy, this is a rare opportunity.But as a student, he still needs to be more modest and reserved: "I'm afraid I'm not strong enough."

Ignatz has no time to grind with him: "Then go to Hills and let him go."

All of this seems to be in Herman's calculations: "Ms. Hills just left the hospital and said that he will go to the university to check the information."

"Then what else to say, it's you."

"Okay, I'll try my best"

Ignaz suddenly stopped, and looked back at his students: "Do your best? Can you stop saying your best? Don't hide your confidence in your trouser pocket, you have to take it out! You are the greatest surgeon in Austria. Students, you must do your best!"

These words are obviously not in line with Herman's character, but at this time, he can only bite the bullet and say: "Well, I will definitely do my best!"

"Right, that is it."

Herman heaved a sigh of relief, and handed over the hat that he took out just now: "Teacher, your hat."

"Oh, yes, yes, forget the hat."

Ignatz walked quickly to the lobby on the ground floor of the hospital, found a floor-to-ceiling mirror at the door, stopped to tidy up his appearance, fiddled with his beard, and then put on this black wide-brimmed top hat: " Don't lose your hat."

"Teacher, where are you going?"

"Police station."

　(1) Cesarean section in the [-]th century was life-threatening. The uterus is rich in blood vessels. Cesarean section meant making a big cut in a plastic bag filled with water.Therefore, cesarean section often causes unstoppable hemorrhage during the operation. Sometimes with good luck, the parturient can survive after hysterectomy, but more parturients die directly on the operating table due to hemorrhage.

　　(2) There was no electricity at that time, and the suction device used to suck up the blood in the abdominal cavity during the operation needed to be driven by a hand-operated machine.

　　(3) A high school graduation is required before admission to a university medical school, but at that time those who could enter the school were at least children from middle-income families, limited by family environment and education, often only those nobles and celebrities who received a good education since childhood Have the opportunity to be admitted to medical school.

　　(4) The United Kingdom promulgated the world's first "Anatomy Act" in 1832, stipulating the source of corpses for medical dissection, which attracted other countries to follow suit

　　(5) In 1741, Andrei, a professor of medicine at the University of Paris, applied the combination of ancient Greek roots and proposed "Orthopaedia" as a noun for a branch of surgery. The original intention of Orthopaedia included the correction of deformities caused by skeletal system trauma and diseases. However, due to limited conditions at that time, manual reduction and splinting were more used, and fractures were rarely resolved through surgery.If the fracture is serious, such as an open fracture, amputation will be used directly to achieve the effect of "eternal" with a single knife.It is impossible to stop the bleeding without amputation, and it is impossible to restore the fracture injury. The wounded will die sooner or later.

　　
　
(End of this chapter)