Return to 2000: Captain of the Great Powers
Chapter 192 Changing Fate Against the Heavens! All seven continents and four oceans have my name!
Chapter 192 Changing Fate Against the Heavens!All over the world have my name! (Please subscribe!) (This chapter is high-energy!)
In the small courtyard of the Erhai Base, Yi Feng has finished talking about the lease of ARJ21.However, compared to renting ARJ21, Yi Feng was more moved by what Qin Xin revealed about Xu Cang's future plans during the conversation.
Yi Feng sat on the edge of the flower bed, neither talking nor doing anything, just like a sculpture.Suddenly, Yi Feng's cell phone rang. He took out the cell phone and looked at it. It was his secretary's call.
Yi Feng thought to himself that he should have told his secretary not to disturb him before, why did he call, could something serious happen?
Soon, Yi Feng answered the phone, and the secretary's voice came from the opposite side: "Mr. Yi, the General Administration suddenly said that we should transfer all the files of the 7.23 incident and send them to the General Administration. The flight department asked if we should delay it for a while." ?”
"July 7.23 incident?" Yi Feng was taken aback for a moment: "You mean the time when the volcanic ash was released alone?"
The secretary confirmed: "Yes, that's the thing."
About three years ago, a 737 of National Airlines encountered volcanic ash.That time, however, it only brushed the edge of the ash field.However, just traversing the edge caused the No. 737 engine of that [-] to exceed the vibration limit.
As a result, the captain of the flight made a wrong judgment and took some inappropriate measures, which turned the engine with high vibration value into serious damage.
Once the aircraft engine is seriously damaged, it is basically the same as being scrapped.In the civil aviation regulations, this kind of single-engine situation caused by human factors must be characterized as a serious accident without exception, which is only slightly lower than the flight accident.
Originally, the volcanic ash was not strong at the time, but the presence of volcanic ash fragments caused temporary friction between the low-pressure fan and the outer wall, which resulted in a high vibration value.
In this case, take the initiative to turn the throttle of the No. [-] engine to idle.However, the captain made a mistake while doing the checklist, and made a blade de-icing procedure when making a certain step selection.
Many fly under icing conditions. In some cases, ice accumulation will adhere to the fan blades. At this time, due to uneven force, the fan blades will rub against the outer wall during rotation, resulting in high vibration values.
For this kind of situation, the pilot has his own set of handling procedures. Instead of closing the throttle, he should push the throttle up to increase the fan speed, and finally shake off the ice accumulated on the fan blades. The problem of high engine vibration value has been eliminated from the source.
However, the captain of the national airline was in a daze when he was making the checklist, which clearly stated that the fan de-icing procedure must be verified for the existence of icing conditions.As a result, the captain directly ignored the description, causing one engine to be scrapped directly.
Since this incident happened on July 23, it has always been called the 7.23 incident in China National Airlines.However, this matter has always been a stain on National University Airlines, and now it has been uncovered by the General Administration. The National University Aviation Flight Department is quite vigilant and asked Yi Feng for instructions.
Although CAAC is the maker of domestic rules, as the old saying goes, there are policies at the top and countermeasures at the bottom.Not to mention disobedience to the Civil Aviation Administration, but if necessary, a slight delay of two days is not too difficult.
"Why does the General Administration want the 7.23 file, and use it as a negative teaching material?" Yi Feng snorted, apparently quite dissatisfied with the Civil Aviation Administration's act of overturning old accounts.
If the Civil Aviation Administration is really reversing old accounts, then he can't just give the files to the Civil Aviation Administration in a daze, it will be modified.
Other airlines don't have the guts, but China National Airlines is not at the mercy of others, and it's normal to play tricks.
However, the reason given by the secretary made Yi Feng feel unbelievable.
"The information I got is accurate, not that the General Administration wants our files of the 7.23 incident, but the CAA wants it."
"CAA, British Aviation Authority?" Yi Feng was stunned for a moment: "Why do they want our accident files? Could it be that the British Aviation Accident Investigation Bureau AAIB asked CAA to ask for it? They want our files, and then catalog the reverse side Textbooks?"
Anyway, in Yifeng's place, the July 7.23 incident is just like a family scandal, and it really cannot be publicized, let alone spread as far as the UK.In Yi Feng's mind, the files of the July 7.23 incident should be kept in the file room of the group headquarters.
"It seems that a British Airways plane encountered volcanic ash near the Jakarta area. Now I don't know how to deal with it. British Airways has no choice but to go to the doctor in a desperate situation. Through the British Aviation Authority, it has proposed to the Civil Aviation Administration of the world that has experienced volcanic ash. Help apply."
"That's right!" Now Yi Feng understood.
Aircraft encounters with volcanic ash are indeed quite rare, and there are no reference cases.Moreover, as long as it is not an incident in your own country, you can basically only know some general processes. It is impossible to see how the planes of other countries dealt with volcanic ash.
It can be seen that British Airways was indeed in a hurry, and directly applied for detailed files of the volcanic ash incident from civil aviation bureaus around the world through official channels.Only in these files can the crew encounter problems with volcanic ash and how to deal with them.
British Airways hopes to find a solution through this method.
However, obviously this is a stupid way, and the efficiency is really not high.
Yi Feng thought for a while: "Since this is the case, let the flight department give out the files. By the way, you mean that the plane encountered volcanic ash in Jakarta?"
"Yes, Mr. Yi!"
"Jakarta?" Yi Feng thought for a while: "What's the flight number?"
"British Airways 1009." The secretary did not expect Yi Feng to ask such detailed questions, and doubts began to arise in his heart: "Mr. Yi, is there a problem?"
Yi Feng didn't answer, but looked up at Qin Xin who came out of the building, and asked casually: "Miss Qin, you said that Xu Cang transferred from Jakarta to England, what is the flight number?"
"1009."
Yi Feng was startled, and his face changed suddenly: "1009? British Airways 1009!?"
At this moment, in the office of the head of the Regional Aviation Administration in Seoul, South Korea, thousands of miles away, CFM executive Lee Hyuk-jae is sitting leisurely on the sofa enjoying the good tea brewed by the head of SRAA.
Opposite him, not only the director of SRAA is in place, but there is also a middle-aged man in a suit and leather shoes next to the bureau. This person is the president of Asiana Airlines, Park Xiyuan.
Li Hyuk-jae slowly put the teacup on the coffee table in the middle, and leaned his back on the sofa, looking extremely comfortable.His eyes only stayed on the director of SRAA for a moment, and soon turned to Park Xiyuan.
"President Park, I didn't expect Asiana Airlines to have such a good relationship with the Seoul Administration." Lee Hyuk-jae pointed out something, and there was an inexplicable smile on his face.
Regarding this kind of ridicule with ulterior motives, Park Xiyuan did not have any emotional changes.As the leader of South Korea's second largest airline, Park Suk-won's determination is very good.
I saw Pu Xiyuan nodded slightly: "Representative Li, you are a noble person, and you didn't notify me when you came back, and you didn't reply to the invitation I sent, so I can only invite you here through Director Jin."
"The president of Asiana Airlines walks so closely with the director of the Seoul Regional Administration, don't you know how to avoid suspicion?" Lee Hyuk-jae smiled, turning his gaze back to the director.
I saw that the director of the Seoul Regional Administration ignored Lee Hyuk-jae's gaze and laughed loudly: "Representative Lee, we are all one family, so there is no need to speak with guns and sticks."
Li Hyuk-jae clicked his lips, and finally shrugged his shoulders: "Okay! Now that everyone is here, tell me, why is it so urgent?"
Upon hearing what Lee Hyuk-jae said, Park Suk-won immediately straightened his waist, his eyes narrowed: "Representative Lee, it is now rumored that Boeing has a plan for the next generation of narrow-body aircraft, and even the choice of engine has been decided. The LEAP series engines launched, is this news true?"
Li Hyuk-jae frowned: "President Park, it's quite impolite for you to ask such a question, you know?"
Park Seok-won was not annoyed either, the smile on his face became even brighter, and he snapped his fingers: "Representative Li has been running around for CFM all year round, and this is a long way to go home. Naturally, I have prepared some small gifts so that Li The representative can feel the taste of his hometown. After the conversation, Representative Li can receive my small gift when he goes back."
Li Hyuk-jae lowered his eyes slightly: "It really is the enthusiasm of the people in my hometown!"
"It's natural!" Pu Xiyuan laughed and said, "Representative Li came back to China for vacation, and he came here specially for a visit. I am so grateful! A small gift, just to express my feelings."
Li Hyuk-jae breathed a sigh of relief, and didn't discuss the matter of presents any more. He believed that a veteran like Park Seok-won would definitely have a clear understanding of gift-giving.
"Boeing does have a plan for the next generation of narrow-body aircraft, and it is not in concept, but has already entered into substantial progress." Lee Hyuk-jae said casually.
The right hand of Pu Xiyuan, who was always flattered and humiliated, trembled slightly while holding the teacup, and the tea almost fell out.
"Sure enough, there has never been any random news in the world. Is it true that Airbus' next-generation narrow-body aircraft plan is also true?" Park Xiyuan asked eagerly.
It is rumored that Airbus's next-generation narrow-body aircraft also uses CFM's LEAP series engines, so Lee Hyuk-jae must know about it.
Li Hyuk-jae raised his eyebrows: "President Park, you're paying for two meals for one price, isn't that good?"
Park Xiyuan was stunned for a moment, and the muscles on his cheeks tensed indiscernibly, but soon he suppressed the fluctuating emotions in his heart, and put on a smiling face: "Representative Li, I'm being rude, let's just say The Boeing thing."
Li Hyuk-jae hummed: "What do you want to know?"
"Representative Li, can you give the exact progress of Boeing's next-generation narrow-body aircraft?" Park Xiyuan said anxiously: "This is very critical, and it is related to our fleet upgrade plan."
Aircraft upgrade is a problem that every airline has to face.However, how to upgrade the aircraft is a great knowledge.If the aircraft upgrade plan is checked, it is easy to buy a lot of new aircraft, and the new model will be released soon, and the embarrassing situation will be out of date after the purchase.
New models have initial dividends, whether in publicity or in actual route operations.People have a sense of novelty. If you use a new aircraft for a flight with similar price and time, you will be more competitive than other airlines.
Moreover, aircraft upgrades involve huge capital investment. If you want to maximize the use of the upgrade funds, then the upgrade plan for the new aircraft must be as perfect as possible.However, due to the production capacity of aircraft, buying an aircraft is not like buying cabbage. If you go there at that time, you can have it at that time.
Generally speaking, several years are common between the time an order is placed and the arrival of the aircraft, which leads to the need to consider how many years in advance when formulating aircraft upgrade plans.
Moreover, due to commercial confidentiality reasons, aircraft manufacturers are secretive about the release of new models, which exacerbates the difficulty for airlines in aircraft upgrades.
In the history of civil aviation, there have been too many examples of companies turning from prosperity to decline, and even falling into the abyss of bankruptcy due to wrong decisions on aircraft model replacement.
Asiana Airlines is very eager, because they are challengers, and there is Korean Air, which has been the number one domestic airline company for 30 to [-] years.Korean Air has a big business, and there is still room to make up for some mistakes, but Asiana Airlines is the most catching up party. As long as there is a major decision-making error, they will always be left behind by Korean Air and lose the qualification to compete.
Therefore, when it comes to the upgrade of our company's aircraft, Asiana Airlines wants to be foolproof when it comes to narrow-body aircraft.As long as they can know the exact progress of Boeing on the next-generation narrow-body aircraft, they can follow Boeing's project progress to adjust their own model upgrade plan, so that the deviation can be controlled within a very small range.
Asiana Airlines does not have enough weight in Boeing headquarters to know the progress of Boeing's next-generation narrow-body aircraft project.Fortunately, the cooperation between Boeing and CFM is very close, and Boeing's next-generation narrow-body aircraft is powered by CFM's LEAP engine, which makes the relationship between the two even closer.
If you can’t get the relevant information directly from the Boeing headquarters, then cut in from the side and use CFM as a breakthrough. It just so happens that Lee Hyuk-jae, the executive of CFM, is a Korean, which is even more convenient.
"Detailed project progress?" Li Hyuk-jae looked distressed: "I'm afraid this will be difficult."
The director of the Seoul District Administration intervened: "Representative Li, is it just the progress of the project that is so troublesome? President Park is quite sincere this time."
President Park immediately echoed: "Representative Li, you have to trust the reputation of our Asiana Airlines."
"First of all, the accurate information about the progress of Boeing's next-generation project involves commercial secrets, some of which I don't know, how can I provide it to you?" on me alone"
President Park was stunned for a moment, and immediately came to understand: "I understand, from now on, our Asiana Airlines' 747 and 330 will choose GE's CF6 engine as the optional power."
Li Hyuk-jae raised his eyebrows, but he didn't expect Park Seok-won to react so quickly, and he understood it after a little bit of dialing.This kind of disclosure of commercial secrets is not a glorious thing.Therefore, Lee Hyuk-jae can't eat alone, he has to be tied to CFM company, so he has to give benefits to the entire CFM company.And GM is the major shareholder of CFM, and it is also the leading party. Giving GM benefits is equivalent to giving CFM benefits.
"President Park's sincerity really surprised me." Lee Hyuk-jae was already quite satisfied: "Don't worry, I will satisfy President Park's request in the most perfect state. And, as an extra bonus, I can share with you President Park revealed that Boeing’s next-generation narrow-body aircraft will be more economically beneficial than the Boeing 737NG series.”
Hearing this, Park Seok-won cheered up: "Then trouble Representative Li. I heard that the LEAP engine will be bigger than the CFM56. I wonder if Boeing will redesign the aircraft fuselage?"
As we all know, Boeing aircraft have short legs, and there are many historical reasons for this.It was already difficult to assemble the CFM56 engine at the beginning. Now that the bigger LEAP engine is installed, can it still be inserted?
"It's okay, this matter will be resolved." Li Hyuk-jae just replied indifferently.
"Haha, I'm just curious. Representative Li don't care." Park Seok-won said with a smile, "Today's conversation was very pleasant. If Representative Li doesn't mind, I'll take Representative Li to some interesting places so that Representative Li can experience the changes in his hometown. .”
For this kind of rich people, interesting places must be quite interesting, and Lee Hyuk Jae naturally knows some inside information.
However, Lee Hyuk-jae waved his hand: "President Park, I heard that Asiana Airlines wants to change the joint operator in CAAC?"
Park Seok-won did not expect that Lee Hyuk-jae would mention this kind of thing, but it is not a secret. It has been rumored a long time ago, and he simply spread it out and said: "Before we jointly operated the routes between the two countries with Muhua Airlines. As a result, since Muhua Airlines A director named Ma Cheng from the strategy department came up, and this business is not easy to do. Ma Cheng is too powerful, and he really can't be messed with when starting a business. So, we plan to change our partner. "
"Then President Park has some ideal replacements?"
Perhaps the purpose of the conversation was achieved just now, Park Xiyuan was in a good mood, and he spoke quite bluntly: "Not now. Among the three major airlines over there, Tiandong Airlines has always cooperated with Korean Air, and Guoda Airlines has the ability to , does not need our cooperation. Judging from this, it is estimated to find a slightly smaller airline. It is still in the process of choosing, and there is no conclusion for the time being. Representative Li, I didn’t expect you to be interested in such a small matter?”
"It's okay, just asking casually." Li Hyuk-jae stood up slowly: "Okay, we've finished talking, let's go! Director Jin, too?"
"Boss Kim has done a lot of hard work in this conversation, so we must be together." President Park said with a smile.
Upon hearing this, Chief Jin showed a smile that a man could understand, and patted President Park on the back: "I have something to say, let's go."
After finishing speaking, Director Jin also stood up, and immediately planned to call his assistant to come in and give some orders.However, the assistant walked in without being summoned by Chief Kim.
"Huh?" Chief Jin was a little strange, but he didn't think too much, and said to the assistant, "You came just in time, I have something to tell you."
"Director, the General Administration just called."
"what happened?"
The assistant looked at Park Seok-won next to the director: "British Airways flight 1009 encountered volcanic ash in the Jakarta area, and now it seems that it cannot land. British Airways has applied for incident files from airlines that have encountered volcanic ash in recent years through CAA. A few years ago, Asiana Airlines Encountered volcanic ash in the air and sea in northern Europe”
"Oh, that time!" Park Xiyuan remembered it all at once.About two years ago, Asiana Airlines encountered an eruption of Iceland's Eyjafjallah volcano while implementing a Nordic route.At that time, the handling of the crew was considered appropriate and did not cause any dangerous consequences. The Civil Aviation Administration of Korea also commended Asiana Airlines.
Pu Xiyuan waved his hand: "Since it is the request of the General Administration, I will ask the people below to send the files. Okay, is there anything else?"
The assistant nodded: "It's okay."
As soon as Director Jin saw that the president of Asiana Airlines had personally intervened, there was nothing wrong with him. He immediately explained some small things to his assistant, and then left the office building with Lee Hyuk-jae and Park Suk-won, and went happily.
Just when Lee Hyuk Jae was enjoying himself comfortably, a huge giant, a 747-400 aircraft, was circling at a very low altitude over the waters of Jakarta.
Not long ago, the crew that had decided to make a forced landing at sea accidentally discovered a tiny crack in the corner of the right front windshield just before entering the water, Xu Cang immediately gave up the forced landing at sea.
After pulling up, the plane maintained an altitude of [-] feet. At this altitude, the concentration of volcanic ash was relatively low. At least visually, there was not much St. Elmo's fire to be seen.
Moreover, since it is on the sea, there are no obstacles below, even if the area below cannot be seen, the aircraft is at an ultra-low altitude, but there is no need to worry about terrain obstacles.
Due to the rapid decrease in the concentration of volcanic ash, the No. [-] and No. [-] engines did not have any problems during the subsequent circling process. Even the flight management computer on Xu Cang's right side returned to normal, and the navigation signal reappeared.
However, the succession of good news did not make the three people in the cockpit feel happy at all.Now most of them are not the problem of the aircraft itself, but external factors are preventing them from landing.
"Our company is already thinking of a way. There should be news soon, right?" At this time, even the elderly and experienced captain felt that he had nowhere to go.
Not long ago, after pulling up and circling, the three people in the cockpit gathered together for a while, and there was really nothing they could do.Out of the idea of a dead horse as a living horse doctor, the captain in charge sent an application for help to British Airways headquarters through Jakarta control.
There is no satellite phone on this plane, so Jakarta control can only be used as an intermediary.Of course, even with a satellite phone, it's probably not going to work because of the volcanic clouds that contain a lot of static electricity.Their VHF contact with Jakarta control is pretty poor.
"What can I do, the road is blocked!" the second captain said bitterly.Even if he doesn't want to admit it, the current situation is so frustrating.
Two captains and one Xu Cang were here, there was absolutely nothing they could do.Is this really something that many people can think of?
While speaking, the second captain looked at the crack in the lower corner of the right front windshield.The crack was very small, only the length of a knuckle. For a while, the light in the cockpit was dimmed, so it was reasonable to ignore it.
However, it was such a small crack that directly cut off their only way out, the second pilot hated it!
Xu Cang rubbed his temples, his eyes wandering over the remaining three engines.The current external situation is indeed okay, but the low concentration of volcanic ash does not mean that there is no, and there will still be problems if it is consumed like this.
However, Xu Cang felt helpless for the first time after experiencing so many things.The area affected by the volcanic ash this time is too large, and it continues to expand.
Originally, they were still calculating whether they could maintain this ultra-low-altitude sea-skimming flight, then fly out of the volcanic ash area, and land at an airport outside the area, such as Sydney on the east coast of Australia.
The power margin of the 747 is designed to be very large, and it is absolutely feasible to fly to Sydney with three engines.
As a result, after this idea was communicated with the Jakarta control, the Jakarta control contacted the Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority CASA, and the reply was that the volcanic ash had already begun to affect the Sydney area, and the degree was increasing.
If Xu Cang and the others divert their flight to Sydney, and when they fly to Sydney, Sydney's Kingsford Smith Airport will also become like Jakarta's Soekarno-Hatta Airport. What's the point?
The volcanic ash spread too fast. According to estimates, if you want to completely surpass the volcanic ash, you have to fly east until you land at Honolulu International Airport in Hawaii.
However, its flight time exceeds six hours, which means that it is simply impossible for the aircraft to fly continuously in the low concentration of volcanic ash for six hours.
Xu Cang predicted that no matter how low the concentration of volcanic ash was, enough volcanic ash would still accumulate in the plane's engine within two hours at most, and problems would still occur later.
It's like the No. [-] and No. [-] engines, which were barely usable after surges before, have actually begun to show signs of failure. The vibration value of their engines is significantly higher than that of the slightly better No. [-] engine.
According to this speed, the vibration value of No. [-] and No. [-] engines exceeding the standard is an imminent problem.
The second captain became more and more angry, and began to curse on the spot: "Indonesia's Meteorological Bureau and Earthquake Bureau are just a bunch of trash. They didn't give any news when the Kelud volcano erupted."
They had thought about a problem before, that the British Airways dispatch had no news about such a giant volcanic eruption, which can no longer be described as outrageous.
As a result, I checked with Jakarta control, and their air traffic control department did not get relevant information.In other words, it's not that the British Airways dispatcher didn't care about it, but that it didn't know about it at all.
Originally, large-scale natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions should be issued by the earthquake bureau or disaster management department. In terms of aviation, the Meteorological Bureau calculates the areas that may be affected, and then communicates the results to the civil aviation department. The civil aviation department discusses and decides how response.
Among them, the scope of the possible impact should be informed to the airline dispatch and the air traffic control department, so that the airline can decide to cancel or change the flight, and at the same time let the air traffic control guide the aircraft to avoid the affected area as much as possible in advance.
However, anyway, the airline company and air traffic control did not receive any warning at all, so Flight 1009 went into the eruption of a giant volcano.
No matter from which angle you analyze it, it is simply unimaginable.
Most of the previous incidents of encountering volcanic ash were due to the low level of volcanic eruptions, which did not receive enough attention, and the plane strayed into it.And a volcanic eruption of Klud's level should have been concerned a long time ago.In other words, Indonesia's earthquake bureau or disaster management department did know about the volcanic eruption, but for some reason, it simply missed the notification to aviation.
For this kind of stupid low-level omission, the second captain was really going crazy.
It was the mistake of that group of people, but in the end it was me who paid the bill, and I still had to use my own life!
"Stop yelling!" The captain in charge became more and more irritable, and he said to Xu Cang, "Why don't we fly east?"
"Fly to Honolulu? More than six hours? Can you last six hours in a broken plane?" The second pilot shouted, obviously emotionally broken.
Death is not so terrible sometimes, what is terrible is the torment of waiting for death.
Xu Cang didn't speak, but his attitude was revealed.Flying east to Honolulu is simply out of the question.
Just when the atmosphere in the cockpit was like a powder keg about to explode, the call signal from the front cabin workshop suddenly sounded.Originally, the three people in the cockpit didn't want to care about it, but the call signal kept ringing.
The captain in charge, who was already upset, finally couldn't take it anymore. He switched the transmitter to talk to the cabin, and then said into the microphone: "You better have a good reason."
The purser could feel the anger in the captain's words, maybe he was a little guilty, and after waiting for a few seconds, he said weakly: "Captain, the first-class passengers want to know the current situation."
"Then tell him that the plane has encountered some weather conditions and is still dealing with it." The responsible captain finished speaking, thought for a while, and added: "Isn't it Mr. Leo?"
If it is the Airbus executive, since he seems to be with Xu Cang before, it seems that he can reveal a little bit.
"Not one, captain!" The flight attendant said worriedly: "Almost all of them! Now many first-class passengers are very emotional, and they want an explanation."
"All?" The captain in charge was stunned for a moment, then remained silent for a moment: "I'll come out right away."
After the call ended, the second captain hurriedly said: "You want to go out, what are you kidding, if they want to make trouble, then let's make trouble."
Due to the loudspeaker in the cockpit, both the second captain and Xu Cang could hear the conversation between the responsible captain and the purser.
"The people in the first-class cabin are different. If the plane can land and these people cause trouble later, it will be difficult to deal with. I'd better go out for a while." The responsible captain has already begun to unbuckle his seat belt: "Xu Cang, I'll leave the plane to you for the time being."
No way, this kind of first-class cabin on intercontinental flights is basically either rich or expensive.If everyone explained together, then naturally there would be no problem.But if they survived by luck, the combined energy of these people would be quite large.
Therefore, even for that little possibility, the captain in charge still felt that he had to go out for a trip.
The second captain sneered: "Just in case, I think there is a one-in-a-billion chance that you won't be able to survive."
Although he was complaining, the second captain got up and made way for the responsible captain.
The captain in charge sighed, he didn't refute the second captain's words, it was acquiescence.
Sure enough, waiting to die is really not a good experience.
The responsible aircraft got out of the cockpit, and the second captain wanted to close the door, but Xu Cang raised his hand: "Don't close it."
The second captain was taken aback, but he didn't say anything, he didn't lock the cockpit, but left a gap.
After the captain in charge came out, he found that many first-class passengers had stood up, and some of them seemed to be well-dressed, and at the same time, people with extraordinary bearing had gathered at the entrance of the front cabin workshop, looking aggressive.
Seeing the captain in charge coming out, these people rushed over immediately, even if the male flight attendant blocked it, it was useless.
The captain in charge could hold his breath. Seeing so many big men rushing over, he was calm and composed.
"Everyone, if you really want to know the real situation of the plane, I can tell you." The responsible captain came up and made it clear: "But, please exercise restraint."
These people are quite self-cultivated, and when the captain in charge said so, they all nodded.
In fact, not to mention the people in the first class, even the purser next to her pricked up her ears and listened attentively. She was eager to know the situation at the moment.
The captain in charge took a deep breath, there was still some pungent sulfur smell in the air, but in any case it couldn't compare to the bitterness in the captain's heart.
He raised his head slightly, and faced the big figures in the first-class cabin, the opening sentence was: "Everyone, we are in trouble."
After about 5 minutes, the responsible captain briefly explained the current situation.During these 5 minutes, no one made a sound, just listened quietly, and then everyone could feel how the surrounding atmosphere had dropped amid the bit by bit confession of the responsible captain.
Finally, after saying the last word, the captain in charge fell into silence, and the entire first-class cabin and front cabin workshop also fell silent.
"Everyone, the situation is like this. Before this, I didn't want to tell you. First, the situation is urgent. Second, I don't want you to share with us the news." Finally, it was the responsible captain who broke the silence and said something. Heartfelt words.
However, this kind of heartfelt words are more penetrating.
After a short joke, someone suddenly said: "Is ditching at sea still not feasible?"
"I must have said just now that the outer and inner glass of the right front windshield are now cracked, and their strength cannot withstand the impact of water entry during a forced landing at sea." The captain in charge said, "It is almost certain that if If you make a forced landing at sea, the right front windshield will definitely break!"
"So what?" The question suddenly popped up from the crowd.
The captain in charge didn't know who said it, but he explained patiently: "If the windshield breaks, seawater will pour into the cockpit."
"That's right, the cockpit is sealed with a door. Even if the sea water floods back, most of it is limited to the cockpit, and we are not affected." At this time, a gray-haired old man pushed through the crowd and walked out, facing the captain in charge. : "Is there nothing wrong with what I said?"
Many people present already understood what the old man meant, but they didn't stop them, they just chose to remain silent.Silently wanted the responsible captain to accept all this.
"Sir, I don't think you understand me." The captain in charge had a bitter expression on his face: "I mean, we...will die!"
"I know!" However, this sentence has no weight to the old man: "Isn't this what you should do? This is your obligation!"
"But we"
Before the captain in charge finished speaking, the old man directly interrupted the captain in charge: "You said just now, there is no other way. Instead of dying together with everyone on the plane, it is better for you to fulfill your responsibilities and obligations and make an emergency landing at sea. Right! In this way, at least the people behind will still have a chance to survive."
"Yes, isn't this the responsibility of your pilots?"
"Anyway, there is no other good way now, so wouldn't it be better to let as many people as possible survive?"
"Yes! If we can survive, we will give your family enough compensation. Everyone here has such financial resources, you should be clear."
All of a sudden, the voices in the first-class cabin were one after another, most of them hoped that the crew would dedicate themselves to the ditch landing at sea, so that they could have a chance of survival.
Although the ants still live secretly, but this kind of scene is so dazzling in a civilized society.
The responsible captain is not short of money, at least compared to ordinary people, his life is very good.But this is based on the premise that he can continue to work. If he dies, the quality of life of his wife and son will decline sharply.
Although rationally feeling that this might be the way to maximize profits, the captain in charge still feels mixed feelings after seeing the indifference of human nature.
"Fart!" The second captain suddenly pushed open the cockpit door. He was so excited that he didn't even switch languages. He still spoke Chinese with an accent: "I just want to pull you dogs. Things die together."
In fact, even though many people couldn't understand what the second captain was saying, they could probably figure out what it meant just by looking at the second captain's flushed face from excitement.
The second captain had an idea in his heart just now.That is, if there is really no other way, then it is better to make a forced landing at sea, which can be regarded as ruining your own reputation.
But he did it voluntarily and others coerced him to do it, those are two completely different concepts.
"What about Xu Cang, I remember that he made a successful ditching at sea once, so he couldn't avoid the problem of the broken windshield?" At this time, Leo, who had been silent at the back, asked, and the question was in Chinese.
As soon as this remark came out, many people didn't respond because they couldn't understand Chinese. Instead, the old man at the front turned his head and looked at Leo, and replied in fluent Chinese: "You mean the young man who entered the cockpit in front Have you made a successful ditching at sea?"
The old man saw Xu Cang go to the front cabin workshop with his own eyes, and he never came out again.There is no doubt that he must have entered the cockpit. Maybe the young man went in to help when the plane encountered a problem. He must also be a pilot.
After the old man finished speaking, he switched languages and communicated with Leo in a language that no one present could understand, and Leo was able to answer them fluently.
In fact, the two spoke Scottish Gaelic, a very ancient Celtic language, which is quite a rare language.
The two talked back and forth for a long time, and finally the old man sighed: "It seems that there is an amazing young man in the cockpit."
After finishing speaking, the old man shouted to the cockpit, in Chinese: "Young man, I am willing to buy this life with one-tenth of my net worth, is it okay?"
No one in first class understands Gaelic, but Chinese can be understood by some.Although some people can't see the situation clearly, it doesn't prevent these people from talking nonsense and asking for various conditions.
However, a young man's plain voice came from the cockpit: "If you die, what's the use of keeping the nine-tenths of your net worth?"
The old man laughed: "It seems that you don't know who I am, and how much one-tenth of my net worth is!"
In the gap between the old man's words, a long sigh came from the cockpit, which contained a lot of unwillingness.
However, before Xu Cang could answer, the Jakarta control voice came out from the loudspeaker in the cockpit: "British Airways 1009!"
The responsible captain and the second captain trembled, and they both rushed into the cockpit without thinking about what to say.As the cockpit door slammed shut, the first-class passengers who had gathered around looked at each other in blank dismay.
I've always wanted an explanation, but now that I know it, everyone doesn't know what to do to be honest.
I don't know why, and I don't know who started it. Everyone started to go to their seats, silently, no one was talking.
The old man stared blankly at the closed cockpit door, and he didn't turn around until everyone around him left.However, this turn just happened to face Leo.
Then, in Gaelic that no one understood, Leo exclaimed, "You shouldn't be talking like that!"
"You mean the money I gave was not enough?" the old man asked back.
Leo is helpless: "I mean he is not a person who is completely on par with money."
"That only shows that the benefits are not big enough." The old man walked slowly, and when he passed Leo, he said, "Leo, there is no one in this world who doesn't like money."
At this moment, in the cockpit, the captain in charge and the second captain quickly sat down, and the voice of the controller came from the loudspeaker: "1009, your company wants to pass you, I will connect their audio signal, you You can talk freely."
After finishing speaking, he didn't even get a reply from the crew. He was silent for a moment, and then a man's deep voice came: "Jonathan, how are you doing now?"
Jonathan was the name of the captain in charge, and he was obviously stunned because the man spoke in Chinese.
Earlier, they told the headquarters of British Airways that Xu Cang was in the cockpit.I don't know if it's because of this reason, but the person from the headquarters of British Airways speaks Chinese very fluently without any accent.
"The situation is okay now, may I ask if there is any plan developed by the headquarters?" Since the headquarters also uses Chinese, the captain in charge naturally followed suit.At the same time, he asked again: "Is it Richard?"
"It was me! We contacted Changi International Airport, but there are some administrative issues involved and it may take some extra time to get Changi International Airport back up and running. However, according to our information, the Changi Airport side The ILS system is also damaged. Even if Changi Airport is open, you will probably not be able to land at Changi Airport," Richard said.
"It's okay, Changi International Airport has never been an option for us anyway." The captain in charge said frustratedly.
"Although we can't hope for Changi International Airport, maybe you still have the possibility of landing in Jakarta."
"Impossible!" The second captain almost instinctively denied this statement, but then he thought about it, at this time, the British Airways headquarters couldn't make fun of him, so he had a hint of expectation: "There I can’t even use the blind landing, the clearance environment of the Soekarno-Hatta Airport is extremely complicated, there is no signal guidance, how to fly?”
"The blind landing is really useless, but the GLS system can be used." Richard said: "The GLS approach is being verified at Soekarno-Hatta Airport."
"GLS? What is this?" Not only the responsible captain, but even the second captain had never heard of this term.The second captain even asked: "Is this a new type of instrument landing system?"
"You mean the satellite landing system?" At this moment, Xu Cang, who had been silent all this time, interrupted: "You mean the Soekarno-Hatta Airport has a VDB broadcast?"
"You know the satellite landing system? You also know the VHF data link broadcast?" Richard was obviously very surprised by Xu Cang's knowledge, because this is a very advanced technology in this era, even more advanced than the PBN technology mentioned earlier. Advance, after all, PBN technology has begun to operate in some areas, but the satellite landing system has not even been tested, and is still in the verification stage.
"Compared to why I know, does Soekarno-Hatta Airport have the requirements for ground equipment?" Xu Cang squinted his eyes and asked, "To be precise, I want to know if there is a ground augmentation system over there."
After hearing Xu Cang's question, the opposite party was silent for a few seconds, and immediately became amazed: "You are Xu Cang, I've heard of you! I didn't expect a place like CAAC to produce a talent like you. Don't worry, Su Gano-Hatta Airport is the verification site for the satellite landing system in South Asia, where there are complete ground equipment."
"What about the FAS data block? Is it stored in the aircraft's navigation database, or is it broadcast by the airport's VDB station?"
"Only a very small number of FAS data blocks are stored in the aircraft's navigation database, and this aircraft is no exception. The virtual localizer and glideslope of the final approach segment will be sent to you by VDB radio." Richard continued : "Although there is information about your aircraft here, I would like to check on the spot whether it meets the airborne equipment requirements of the satellite landing system."
"No need!" Xu Cang said directly: "Is the satellite landing system at the airport Class I, Class II, or Class III?"
"Xu Cang, this is related to your life and death, I feel it is necessary to verify it."
“核实什么?飞行管理计算机系统是霍尼韦尔的,符合Release 1A标准。MMR接受机是罗克韦尔GLU-925,零件代码822-1821-430,可以进行模式切换。GPS天线满足RCTA DO-228的标准,代码822-2031-001。无线电管理面板,件号C12848DA01,允许施行GLS进行。电子仪表系统EFIS达到S7标准。飞行告警计算机FWC满足H2F3标准。中央故障数据接口组件CFDIU达到9B标准。现在都没问题了,你说苏加诺-哈达机场的GLS是什么等级?”
After Xu Cang finished speaking, he felt that the surroundings were extremely quiet, and he turned his head to look at the captain in charge.The captain in charge was looking at him with a hellish expression.
"What are you looking at?"
The captain in charge was shocked: "Xu Cang, where did you see it? How do you know?"
He could understand every word Xu Cang said, but he couldn't understand it at all.It seemed that Xu Cang and them were not in the same realm at all. In front of him, he was just a student who had just learned to fly.
"Okay, okay, okay!" On the other side of the communication, Richard was also extremely surprised: "Xu Cang, if you can survive, I will go find you."
Xu Cang frowned: "That's not what I want to hear."
"Okay! Soekarno-Hatta Airport has only one type of satellite landing system. To be precise, there are no second and third types of satellite landing systems in the world, and there is no verification."
In fact, Xu Cang already has the answer in his heart. According to historical development, the second and third types of satellite landing system will be available almost ten years later, and that is where the real value of the satellite landing system lies.
"What about the channel number? We don't have a chart. Does the control guide us?"
Richard is already familiar with Xu Cang's terrifying amount of knowledge, and has calmly responded to Xu Cang's professional question about the channel number of the satellite landing system: "There is no relevant procedure at Soekarno-Hatta Airport , there will be traffic control to guide you to the fifth side. The lane number of runway 27 is 22237!"
"22237!" Xu Cang memorized this number, which is equivalent to the navigation frequency of blind landing: "Okay, we are going to be busy!"
"Do you know the operating procedures of the satellite landing system?" Richard asked.
"Know!"
Richard did not ask Xu Cang if he really knew how to operate the satellite landing system, but asked solemnly: "Xu Cang, is the first-class signal enough for you to land? The current visual standard of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Almost zero."
Xu Cang let out a long breath, and said a word heavily: "Enough!"
"Okay!" Richard returned happily, and directly transferred the audio signal back to Jakarta's regional control.
Xu Cang turned his head to look at the responsible captain, who was stunned for a moment, and immediately understood: "Jakarta, we have decided to go to Soekarno-Hatta Airport now, you can now guide us with the radar, and the altitude application should continue to be [-] feet. "
"Huh? There is a problem with the blind landing system at Soekarno-Hatta Airport. Do you still want to go there?"
"We will apply for satellite landing, please inform the airport to pay attention to reception!"
"Satellite landing system?" Apparently from the tone, even the area control didn't know much about it.However, he didn't need to know about this matter, and immediately said: "British Airways 1009, heading 070, keep the altitude at [-] correct sea pressure!"
After the captain in charge repeated the recitation, Xu Cang immediately began to change the course, and at the same time said to the captain in charge: "Make a passenger announcement, just say that we are going to Soekarno-Hatta Airport now."
"Compared to the passenger radio, Xu Cang, what exactly is the satellite landing system?" The captain in charge asked the question he had been wanting to ask just now: "Why have I never heard of it?"
Perhaps because he heard that there is a satellite landing system, Xu Cang saw a glimmer of life, and his mood was not so depressed, and he patiently explained to the captain in charge: "It's just a cutting-edge landing system. For guidance, the FAS data block is used to define a virtual localizer and glideslope in the final approach segment, which is actually very similar to ILS."
"Guided by GPS signal?" The second captain suddenly felt a little strange: "Isn't there an error in the GPS signal? Can this achieve sufficient accuracy?"
"So this system needs a ground augmentation system to correct the GPS signal."
The second captain didn't understand for a while: "What do you mean?"
Xu Cang clicked his lips, he is not a popular science teacher, he is not willing to do this kind of thing, but he thought about it, so he said casually: "Since there is an error in the GPS signal, first determine a ground with fixed coordinates processing station, and then compare the coordinates of the ground processing station with the coordinates measured by GPS, won’t you get an error value? The computer at the ground processing station will perform a differential correction on this value, and then pass the corrected accurate data through The VHF data link broadcast is transmitted to the aircraft, so that the error of the GPS signal obtained by the aircraft is very small. The receiver on the aircraft will solve the signal data transmitted by the ground processing station, and then calculate a virtual course and down the slide."
"That's it!" The second captain nodded half-understanding: "What about the channel number?"
"Tsk!" Xu Cang became a little impatient: "The channel number is a five-digit number, which corresponds to a data block of the final approach segment, that is, corresponds to a GLS approach procedure. After selecting a channel number Afterwards, the onboard subsystem automatically adjusts to a VHF frequency to accept the data block for the final approach segment."
The responsible captain and the second captain glanced at each other, and they could see a trace of doubt in each other's eyes, obviously they still didn't quite understand.However, looking at Xu Cang's appearance, it's not easy to ask again, anyway, just follow Xu Cang to do it.
So, the captain in charge obediently went to broadcast to the passengers, while Xu Cang started to prepare for the plane.
In fact, the operation of the satellite landing system is very similar to that of the blind landing, except that the navigation frequency is changed to the channel number, and the rest changes little.
In fact, Xu Cang only participated in the second-class verification of the satellite landing system once in later generations.However, that experience was enough for Xu Cang to remember the operating procedures of the satellite landing system.
When preparing for the approach, the main frequency on the navigation panel must be the channel number of GLS, but on the backup frequency, Xu Cang hesitated and jumped out of the local VOR frequency of Soekarno-Hatta Airport.
About 10 minutes later, Jakarta's area control suddenly called: "British Airways 1009, the airport reported that the satellite landing system is an unapproved approach technology, and they do not agree to accept you."
"You" the captain in charge was shocked: "We are now in a state of emergency, and they are not willing to accept it?"
"The airport gave me this answer, and they suggested that you choose another alternate landing field."
Xu Cang frowned, why did such a thing happen.However, in terms of time, even a type of satellite landing system has not been approved at this point in time.Soekarno-Hatta Airport is actually right.
The captain in charge thought for a while, and immediately said: "Help us pick up our company's audio signal, can you?"
"sure, no problem!"
Soon, after a burst of noise, the responsible captain felt that the connection should be established, and said impatiently: "Richard, the airport said that the satellite landing system has not been approved and will not accept us."
"It's fine, I'll let ICAO do a provisional authorization for the satellite landing system."
"What about DGCA?" Xu Cang hurriedly asked, "If you want the airport to be able to run relevant procedures, you need a second authorization from the Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority."
ICAO authorizes the satellite landing system, which shows that the operation of this system is compliant.The second authorization from the local Civil Aviation Administration of Indonesia shows that the operation of this system in Indonesia is compliant, and the two are indispensable.
"Don't worry, we will also communicate well with the Indonesian side. Before you arrive at the terminal area of Soekarno-Hatta Airport, all authorization issues will be resolved."
After speaking, the signal at British Airways headquarters was disconnected directly.However, it should be fine to listen to the tone over there. If you are not fully sure at this time, you will definitely not speak like this.
"Who is that person?" Now even Xu Cang felt curious, and he was able to get the dual authorization of the International Civil Aviation Organization and the Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority in a short period of time. Even if the authorization is temporary, it is quite powerful.
"Richard!" said the captain in charge, "He is our company's senior technical advisor. However, his main position is the chairman of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association."
"International Federation of Airline Pilots Association, IFALPA?" Xu Cang asked slightly surprised.
The captain in charge nodded: "Yes! The headquarters of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association is in the UK, so he took up a position in our company. I didn't expect this to alarm him."
Xu Cang took a deep breath. The International Federation of Airline Pilots Association is a huge organization representing [-] airlines, and it has huge energy in the world's civil aviation industry.
Unexpectedly, today I was able to talk to the highest level of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association.
Sure enough, Xu Cang's estimation of the power of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association is not a problem.About 15 minutes later, the Jakarta regional control quickly conveyed the news that the airport agreed to conduct a satellite landing system approach.
In fact, Xu Cang could also understand the airport's considerations.The satellite landing system is an unapproved landing system, and if Flight 1009 crashed during the approach, the airport that provided and allowed an irregular landing system may bear some responsibility.
However, if the system is authorized, then even if there is a problem, it is on the crew's side, and has nothing to do with the airport.
It can only be said that the consideration of Soekarno-Hatta Airport is too cautious.
After the plane approached the terminal area of the airport, due to the terrain, the plane climbed to [-] feet. After crossing a hill, the frequency was switched to the airport tower.
Soon, under the guidance of the airport tower, the plane descended to [-] feet again, and then intercepted the localizer and glideslope with a procedure and deceleration plan almost consistent with the blind landing.
On the instrument landing display on the PFD on both sides, it is not the conventional ILS displayed, but the GLS, and the rest of the difference is not big.The indicator points of the localizer and glideslope simulated by the satellite landing system are the same as those of the ILS.
"British Airways 1009, the runway visual range and vertical visibility cannot be measured at this field. The satellite landing system is still in the verification stage, and the signal may be unstable. If there is a problem with the signal, please terminate the approach immediately." The control tower said: "British Airways 1009, correct sea pressure 1013, runway 27 is ready to land, pay attention to signal stability!"
"Runway 27, you can land, and the sea pressure is corrected to 1013!" The responsible captain repeated, and sighed: "The temperature today is really good, [-] degrees, the standard ISA temperature."
Xu Cang did not speak, but kept paying attention to the indication points of the localizer and glideslope.Since there is no approach chart, of course no one here can provide a compliant approach chart. However, through the calculation of the altitude ratio, Xu Cang can roughly know that the aircraft is on a suitable glideslope, and this glideslope is Standard three-degree glide angle.
Looking at the stable guidance signal, the responsible captain finally breathed a sigh of relief: "It seems that there is no problem, I didn't expect another village to come out!"
It is indeed quite abrupt to say the phrase "the willows are dark and the flowers are bright and another village is bright" from the mouth of a foreigner.
"Xu Cang, pay attention to the movement of landing for a while."
Xu Cang nodded: "I know, I will simulate the way the automatic driving lands."
For a skilled person like Xu Cang, he can do whatever he wants to land.The landing method of automatic driving is indeed very different from that of manual control.It will be about [-] feet ahead and back to trim, and at the same time increase the amount of ejector stick to maintain the correct descent, then level off at a fixed altitude, close the throttle at a fixed altitude, it is the kind that is directly closed in one breath, and finally maintain the attitude , smoothly grounded, very solid, yet incredibly efficient.
The captain in charge didn't say much, he thought that it shouldn't be difficult to simulate the landing of the autopilot in Xu Cang's way.The only concern is whether the signal of the satellite landing system can be accurate and stable enough.
The main difference between Type I, Type II, and Type III is in accuracy and stability.If there is a signal fluctuation at a low altitude, it will definitely not be able to fall.
The altitude is [-] feet. The only good thing is that today is almost calm wind, without any turbulence and turbulence. Xu Cang doesn't even need to adjust the attitude of the plane, he just needs to maintain a stable movement, and then slowly correct some small deviations. Can.
Fifteen hundred feet high!
Just when it seemed that the years were peaceful, the plane's glide path signal suddenly began to vibrate significantly up and down.This is definitely not a problem with the control of Xu Cang's plane, but a problem with the signal of the landing system.
"Huh?" The captain in charge glanced down at the CDU, and suddenly an advisory message popped up in the draft column of the CDU—the left GPS failed.
Before the captain in charge could react, the information about the failure of the left GPS changed to that of the failure of the right GPS.
Now, the responsible captain's scalp is about to explode. This satellite landing system is based on GPS signals. The GPS signals on this plane have all failed, so how can they fly?
Sure enough, less than a second after the right GPS failure advisory message popped up, the simulated localizer and glideslope signals disappeared directly.
"This" the responsible captain froze for a moment, and immediately prepared to report to the control tower.However, just as he raised the microphone on his earphone, he saw Xu Cang stretch out his left hand and grabbed the responsible captain's earphone microphone.
"Don't talk, continue!" Xu Cang said coldly.
After speaking, Xu Cang let go of the microphone directly, and then switched the frequency of the two navigation panels to the VOR frequency.In an instant, the plane's horizontal guidance switched from the satellite landing system to the VOR guidance.
"How can you fly without guidance?" the captain in charge shouted.Immediately, he suddenly saw Xu Cang's lips seem to be opening and closing slightly, as if he was calculating something.
I saw Xu Cang's eyes kept moving back and forth, and the captain in charge was stunned.Soon, the captain in charge discovered that Xu Cang was not looking at the airspeed indicator or anything, but the ground speed and altimeter on the navigation page.
That's right, Xu Cang is not looking at the indicated airspeed now, but at the groundspeed.
The second captain reacted faster than the responsible captain, he almost screamed out.
He knew what Xu Cang was doing!He is artificially calculating a glideslope!
The decline of the satellite navigation system is also calculated by the computer, but now Xu Cang is doing what should be done by the computer.
Why does he look at the ground speed instead of the indicated airspeed, because he needs to use the ground speed to calculate the rate of descent in real time.Yes, today is indeed a very good weather, no wind, the temperature is very standard, except for the volcanic ash.
However, at standard ISA temperatures, then no correction for aircraft glide is required.It is indeed possible to calculate the corresponding rate of descent when it is known that the final descent is three degrees and the ground speed is known.
However, theoretical feasibility is not the same as practical operability.
Since there is no reference to the height-to-distance ratio of the approach map, Xu Cang has no way of knowing whether he is really on the correct descent.Even the altitude-to-distance ratio on the approach chart is actually only a reference for integer nautical miles, and it cannot be real-time, so it can only be used for non-precision approaches.
However, something is better than nothing!Now Xu Cang is only adjusting in real time through the corresponding relationship between ground speed and descent rate.
This conversion relationship is not simple, but involves trigonometric functions and unit conversion. After all, the unit of ground speed is knots, and the rate of descent is feet per minute.
This kind of real-time conversion is not the most difficult. Even if this real-time calculation process is not required, it is almost impossible in terms of practical operation.
Because the ground speed is not only directly related in mathematics, but also closely related in flight control.
As the ground speed increases, the required rate of descent also increases, and vice versa.
This means that in order to correct one of them to the standard, the other value will change accordingly and become biased at the same time.
It is precisely because of this related factor that the aircraft will have unimaginable difficulties in maneuvering.No, it's almost impossible.
On the one hand, it has to deal with a huge amount of calculations that cannot be done by manpower, and on the other hand, it has to carry out immeasurable and precise control of the aircraft. If there is any deviation between the two, it will be extremely fatal.
Moreover, due to meteorological conditions, the aircraft must be maintained on the glideslope with almost strict standards.
"He is using VOR as a horizontal guide, and he calculated a glide path in his own mind. No wonder he asked me if there was any pinching between the VOR course and the final extension line of runway 27!" The responsible captain's heart was pounding. An approach that is shaking the world of civil aviation is being witnessed.
Xu Cang pursed his lips, as if the rock that had never moved for ten thousand years, in his hands, the plane also remained motionless, continuously descending at almost the same rate of descent.
perhaps!perhaps!Can he really complete this demanding landing in mental arithmetic?
The responsible captain and the second captain both had this idea for some reason!
Five hundred feet high!
The two captains who seemed to have seen the dawn suddenly saw the PULLUP display appearing below the attitude indicator on the PFD, and then the WHOO sounded in the cockpit! PULL UP!Terrain Alert!
The second captain's face suddenly changed. His first thought was that he had encountered a terrain warning, and Xu Cang's mental calculation of the trajectory was wrong!
"Xu Cang, go around, go around, terrain warning!" The captain of the second plane shouted.
This is basically the pilot's instinctive reaction. When encountering a terrain warning at ultra-low altitude, there is an imminent risk of collision with the ground. No pilot will continue to descend. That is not an approach, but courting death!
The responsible captain did not speak, but held the steering wheel with his left hand. This action already represented everything.
It is true that Xu Cang's performance just now was amazing enough, but everything is still not worth the objective difficulty.Human beings simply cannot calculate such a huge amount of content.
After all, Xu Cang made a wrong calculation!And the terrain warning is the biggest evidence!Because the aircraft's descent rate is very stable now, there is no possibility of a terrain warning due to a large descent rate.And if the plane is really on the correct glideslope and the descent rate is normal, there is absolutely no terrain warning, otherwise, the glideslope is wrong.
However, there is a legal blind landing slide on runway 27, which is also a three-degree slide, so this slide cannot be wrong, and only Xu Cang is wrong.
Maybe Xu Cang was stunned, and if necessary, he needs to take over the plane.
"Xu Cang, you should do a go-around or terrain maneuver!" The captain in charge didn't do it right away, he still expected Xu Cang to do it himself.
However, Xu Cang's eyes kept moving back and forth, and he hadn't given up yet.
"Xu Cang!" Seeing this, the captain in charge shouted suddenly: "The Tokyo Convention like you can't protect you. Even if you survive, you will still have to go to court."
The Tokyo Convention signed in the past expresses a large number of immunity for pilots, even including some immunity from penalties.Although it caused a lot of controversy at the time, it was finally signed.
However, if Xu Cang is obsessed with his obsession, then even the Tokyo Convention that greatly protects the rights and interests of pilots is useless.
The second captain's heart almost stopped. At this moment, the volcanic ash was filling the air, and they couldn't see the outside, so they could only trust the terrain warning.Seeing that Xu Cang hadn't moved yet, he suddenly roared: "Xu Cang, what are you doing!"
It was in this thunderous shout that Xu Cang's body trembled suddenly, and a drop of bright red blood flowed out of his nasal cavity. He muttered to himself and said in an almost desperate tone: " It's messed up, I can't figure it out!"
Even Xu Cang was distracted by the roar of the second captain, and in an instant, he couldn't figure it out anymore!
"GPS failure will lead to wrong terrain warnings, don't you guys know?" Xu Cang said weakly as if his soul had been taken away.
"Xu Cang." This sentence directly hit the second captain's heart, as if he was on the spot, he seemed to understand that he had made a huge mistake.
Xu Cang exhausted his mind and calculated the slide. He was so concentrated that he couldn't say a single word to explain it all.
However, it was precisely because of the continuous interference of the two captains that everything was in chaos at last, Xu Cang could no longer catch up, and the glide path of mental arithmetic was gone!
The second captain who reacted almost fainted, and the vitality he got was extinguished by himself!
"No! It's not over yet!"
However, at this moment of despair, Xu Cang burst out with strong willpower, the light is already in front of him, how can he retreat?
It's not that I don't want to write anymore, the chapter limit has been reached!
(End of this chapter)
In the small courtyard of the Erhai Base, Yi Feng has finished talking about the lease of ARJ21.However, compared to renting ARJ21, Yi Feng was more moved by what Qin Xin revealed about Xu Cang's future plans during the conversation.
Yi Feng sat on the edge of the flower bed, neither talking nor doing anything, just like a sculpture.Suddenly, Yi Feng's cell phone rang. He took out the cell phone and looked at it. It was his secretary's call.
Yi Feng thought to himself that he should have told his secretary not to disturb him before, why did he call, could something serious happen?
Soon, Yi Feng answered the phone, and the secretary's voice came from the opposite side: "Mr. Yi, the General Administration suddenly said that we should transfer all the files of the 7.23 incident and send them to the General Administration. The flight department asked if we should delay it for a while." ?”
"July 7.23 incident?" Yi Feng was taken aback for a moment: "You mean the time when the volcanic ash was released alone?"
The secretary confirmed: "Yes, that's the thing."
About three years ago, a 737 of National Airlines encountered volcanic ash.That time, however, it only brushed the edge of the ash field.However, just traversing the edge caused the No. 737 engine of that [-] to exceed the vibration limit.
As a result, the captain of the flight made a wrong judgment and took some inappropriate measures, which turned the engine with high vibration value into serious damage.
Once the aircraft engine is seriously damaged, it is basically the same as being scrapped.In the civil aviation regulations, this kind of single-engine situation caused by human factors must be characterized as a serious accident without exception, which is only slightly lower than the flight accident.
Originally, the volcanic ash was not strong at the time, but the presence of volcanic ash fragments caused temporary friction between the low-pressure fan and the outer wall, which resulted in a high vibration value.
In this case, take the initiative to turn the throttle of the No. [-] engine to idle.However, the captain made a mistake while doing the checklist, and made a blade de-icing procedure when making a certain step selection.
Many fly under icing conditions. In some cases, ice accumulation will adhere to the fan blades. At this time, due to uneven force, the fan blades will rub against the outer wall during rotation, resulting in high vibration values.
For this kind of situation, the pilot has his own set of handling procedures. Instead of closing the throttle, he should push the throttle up to increase the fan speed, and finally shake off the ice accumulated on the fan blades. The problem of high engine vibration value has been eliminated from the source.
However, the captain of the national airline was in a daze when he was making the checklist, which clearly stated that the fan de-icing procedure must be verified for the existence of icing conditions.As a result, the captain directly ignored the description, causing one engine to be scrapped directly.
Since this incident happened on July 23, it has always been called the 7.23 incident in China National Airlines.However, this matter has always been a stain on National University Airlines, and now it has been uncovered by the General Administration. The National University Aviation Flight Department is quite vigilant and asked Yi Feng for instructions.
Although CAAC is the maker of domestic rules, as the old saying goes, there are policies at the top and countermeasures at the bottom.Not to mention disobedience to the Civil Aviation Administration, but if necessary, a slight delay of two days is not too difficult.
"Why does the General Administration want the 7.23 file, and use it as a negative teaching material?" Yi Feng snorted, apparently quite dissatisfied with the Civil Aviation Administration's act of overturning old accounts.
If the Civil Aviation Administration is really reversing old accounts, then he can't just give the files to the Civil Aviation Administration in a daze, it will be modified.
Other airlines don't have the guts, but China National Airlines is not at the mercy of others, and it's normal to play tricks.
However, the reason given by the secretary made Yi Feng feel unbelievable.
"The information I got is accurate, not that the General Administration wants our files of the 7.23 incident, but the CAA wants it."
"CAA, British Aviation Authority?" Yi Feng was stunned for a moment: "Why do they want our accident files? Could it be that the British Aviation Accident Investigation Bureau AAIB asked CAA to ask for it? They want our files, and then catalog the reverse side Textbooks?"
Anyway, in Yifeng's place, the July 7.23 incident is just like a family scandal, and it really cannot be publicized, let alone spread as far as the UK.In Yi Feng's mind, the files of the July 7.23 incident should be kept in the file room of the group headquarters.
"It seems that a British Airways plane encountered volcanic ash near the Jakarta area. Now I don't know how to deal with it. British Airways has no choice but to go to the doctor in a desperate situation. Through the British Aviation Authority, it has proposed to the Civil Aviation Administration of the world that has experienced volcanic ash. Help apply."
"That's right!" Now Yi Feng understood.
Aircraft encounters with volcanic ash are indeed quite rare, and there are no reference cases.Moreover, as long as it is not an incident in your own country, you can basically only know some general processes. It is impossible to see how the planes of other countries dealt with volcanic ash.
It can be seen that British Airways was indeed in a hurry, and directly applied for detailed files of the volcanic ash incident from civil aviation bureaus around the world through official channels.Only in these files can the crew encounter problems with volcanic ash and how to deal with them.
British Airways hopes to find a solution through this method.
However, obviously this is a stupid way, and the efficiency is really not high.
Yi Feng thought for a while: "Since this is the case, let the flight department give out the files. By the way, you mean that the plane encountered volcanic ash in Jakarta?"
"Yes, Mr. Yi!"
"Jakarta?" Yi Feng thought for a while: "What's the flight number?"
"British Airways 1009." The secretary did not expect Yi Feng to ask such detailed questions, and doubts began to arise in his heart: "Mr. Yi, is there a problem?"
Yi Feng didn't answer, but looked up at Qin Xin who came out of the building, and asked casually: "Miss Qin, you said that Xu Cang transferred from Jakarta to England, what is the flight number?"
"1009."
Yi Feng was startled, and his face changed suddenly: "1009? British Airways 1009!?"
At this moment, in the office of the head of the Regional Aviation Administration in Seoul, South Korea, thousands of miles away, CFM executive Lee Hyuk-jae is sitting leisurely on the sofa enjoying the good tea brewed by the head of SRAA.
Opposite him, not only the director of SRAA is in place, but there is also a middle-aged man in a suit and leather shoes next to the bureau. This person is the president of Asiana Airlines, Park Xiyuan.
Li Hyuk-jae slowly put the teacup on the coffee table in the middle, and leaned his back on the sofa, looking extremely comfortable.His eyes only stayed on the director of SRAA for a moment, and soon turned to Park Xiyuan.
"President Park, I didn't expect Asiana Airlines to have such a good relationship with the Seoul Administration." Lee Hyuk-jae pointed out something, and there was an inexplicable smile on his face.
Regarding this kind of ridicule with ulterior motives, Park Xiyuan did not have any emotional changes.As the leader of South Korea's second largest airline, Park Suk-won's determination is very good.
I saw Pu Xiyuan nodded slightly: "Representative Li, you are a noble person, and you didn't notify me when you came back, and you didn't reply to the invitation I sent, so I can only invite you here through Director Jin."
"The president of Asiana Airlines walks so closely with the director of the Seoul Regional Administration, don't you know how to avoid suspicion?" Lee Hyuk-jae smiled, turning his gaze back to the director.
I saw that the director of the Seoul Regional Administration ignored Lee Hyuk-jae's gaze and laughed loudly: "Representative Lee, we are all one family, so there is no need to speak with guns and sticks."
Li Hyuk-jae clicked his lips, and finally shrugged his shoulders: "Okay! Now that everyone is here, tell me, why is it so urgent?"
Upon hearing what Lee Hyuk-jae said, Park Suk-won immediately straightened his waist, his eyes narrowed: "Representative Lee, it is now rumored that Boeing has a plan for the next generation of narrow-body aircraft, and even the choice of engine has been decided. The LEAP series engines launched, is this news true?"
Li Hyuk-jae frowned: "President Park, it's quite impolite for you to ask such a question, you know?"
Park Seok-won was not annoyed either, the smile on his face became even brighter, and he snapped his fingers: "Representative Li has been running around for CFM all year round, and this is a long way to go home. Naturally, I have prepared some small gifts so that Li The representative can feel the taste of his hometown. After the conversation, Representative Li can receive my small gift when he goes back."
Li Hyuk-jae lowered his eyes slightly: "It really is the enthusiasm of the people in my hometown!"
"It's natural!" Pu Xiyuan laughed and said, "Representative Li came back to China for vacation, and he came here specially for a visit. I am so grateful! A small gift, just to express my feelings."
Li Hyuk-jae breathed a sigh of relief, and didn't discuss the matter of presents any more. He believed that a veteran like Park Seok-won would definitely have a clear understanding of gift-giving.
"Boeing does have a plan for the next generation of narrow-body aircraft, and it is not in concept, but has already entered into substantial progress." Lee Hyuk-jae said casually.
The right hand of Pu Xiyuan, who was always flattered and humiliated, trembled slightly while holding the teacup, and the tea almost fell out.
"Sure enough, there has never been any random news in the world. Is it true that Airbus' next-generation narrow-body aircraft plan is also true?" Park Xiyuan asked eagerly.
It is rumored that Airbus's next-generation narrow-body aircraft also uses CFM's LEAP series engines, so Lee Hyuk-jae must know about it.
Li Hyuk-jae raised his eyebrows: "President Park, you're paying for two meals for one price, isn't that good?"
Park Xiyuan was stunned for a moment, and the muscles on his cheeks tensed indiscernibly, but soon he suppressed the fluctuating emotions in his heart, and put on a smiling face: "Representative Li, I'm being rude, let's just say The Boeing thing."
Li Hyuk-jae hummed: "What do you want to know?"
"Representative Li, can you give the exact progress of Boeing's next-generation narrow-body aircraft?" Park Xiyuan said anxiously: "This is very critical, and it is related to our fleet upgrade plan."
Aircraft upgrade is a problem that every airline has to face.However, how to upgrade the aircraft is a great knowledge.If the aircraft upgrade plan is checked, it is easy to buy a lot of new aircraft, and the new model will be released soon, and the embarrassing situation will be out of date after the purchase.
New models have initial dividends, whether in publicity or in actual route operations.People have a sense of novelty. If you use a new aircraft for a flight with similar price and time, you will be more competitive than other airlines.
Moreover, aircraft upgrades involve huge capital investment. If you want to maximize the use of the upgrade funds, then the upgrade plan for the new aircraft must be as perfect as possible.However, due to the production capacity of aircraft, buying an aircraft is not like buying cabbage. If you go there at that time, you can have it at that time.
Generally speaking, several years are common between the time an order is placed and the arrival of the aircraft, which leads to the need to consider how many years in advance when formulating aircraft upgrade plans.
Moreover, due to commercial confidentiality reasons, aircraft manufacturers are secretive about the release of new models, which exacerbates the difficulty for airlines in aircraft upgrades.
In the history of civil aviation, there have been too many examples of companies turning from prosperity to decline, and even falling into the abyss of bankruptcy due to wrong decisions on aircraft model replacement.
Asiana Airlines is very eager, because they are challengers, and there is Korean Air, which has been the number one domestic airline company for 30 to [-] years.Korean Air has a big business, and there is still room to make up for some mistakes, but Asiana Airlines is the most catching up party. As long as there is a major decision-making error, they will always be left behind by Korean Air and lose the qualification to compete.
Therefore, when it comes to the upgrade of our company's aircraft, Asiana Airlines wants to be foolproof when it comes to narrow-body aircraft.As long as they can know the exact progress of Boeing on the next-generation narrow-body aircraft, they can follow Boeing's project progress to adjust their own model upgrade plan, so that the deviation can be controlled within a very small range.
Asiana Airlines does not have enough weight in Boeing headquarters to know the progress of Boeing's next-generation narrow-body aircraft project.Fortunately, the cooperation between Boeing and CFM is very close, and Boeing's next-generation narrow-body aircraft is powered by CFM's LEAP engine, which makes the relationship between the two even closer.
If you can’t get the relevant information directly from the Boeing headquarters, then cut in from the side and use CFM as a breakthrough. It just so happens that Lee Hyuk-jae, the executive of CFM, is a Korean, which is even more convenient.
"Detailed project progress?" Li Hyuk-jae looked distressed: "I'm afraid this will be difficult."
The director of the Seoul District Administration intervened: "Representative Li, is it just the progress of the project that is so troublesome? President Park is quite sincere this time."
President Park immediately echoed: "Representative Li, you have to trust the reputation of our Asiana Airlines."
"First of all, the accurate information about the progress of Boeing's next-generation project involves commercial secrets, some of which I don't know, how can I provide it to you?" on me alone"
President Park was stunned for a moment, and immediately came to understand: "I understand, from now on, our Asiana Airlines' 747 and 330 will choose GE's CF6 engine as the optional power."
Li Hyuk-jae raised his eyebrows, but he didn't expect Park Seok-won to react so quickly, and he understood it after a little bit of dialing.This kind of disclosure of commercial secrets is not a glorious thing.Therefore, Lee Hyuk-jae can't eat alone, he has to be tied to CFM company, so he has to give benefits to the entire CFM company.And GM is the major shareholder of CFM, and it is also the leading party. Giving GM benefits is equivalent to giving CFM benefits.
"President Park's sincerity really surprised me." Lee Hyuk-jae was already quite satisfied: "Don't worry, I will satisfy President Park's request in the most perfect state. And, as an extra bonus, I can share with you President Park revealed that Boeing’s next-generation narrow-body aircraft will be more economically beneficial than the Boeing 737NG series.”
Hearing this, Park Seok-won cheered up: "Then trouble Representative Li. I heard that the LEAP engine will be bigger than the CFM56. I wonder if Boeing will redesign the aircraft fuselage?"
As we all know, Boeing aircraft have short legs, and there are many historical reasons for this.It was already difficult to assemble the CFM56 engine at the beginning. Now that the bigger LEAP engine is installed, can it still be inserted?
"It's okay, this matter will be resolved." Li Hyuk-jae just replied indifferently.
"Haha, I'm just curious. Representative Li don't care." Park Seok-won said with a smile, "Today's conversation was very pleasant. If Representative Li doesn't mind, I'll take Representative Li to some interesting places so that Representative Li can experience the changes in his hometown. .”
For this kind of rich people, interesting places must be quite interesting, and Lee Hyuk Jae naturally knows some inside information.
However, Lee Hyuk-jae waved his hand: "President Park, I heard that Asiana Airlines wants to change the joint operator in CAAC?"
Park Seok-won did not expect that Lee Hyuk-jae would mention this kind of thing, but it is not a secret. It has been rumored a long time ago, and he simply spread it out and said: "Before we jointly operated the routes between the two countries with Muhua Airlines. As a result, since Muhua Airlines A director named Ma Cheng from the strategy department came up, and this business is not easy to do. Ma Cheng is too powerful, and he really can't be messed with when starting a business. So, we plan to change our partner. "
"Then President Park has some ideal replacements?"
Perhaps the purpose of the conversation was achieved just now, Park Xiyuan was in a good mood, and he spoke quite bluntly: "Not now. Among the three major airlines over there, Tiandong Airlines has always cooperated with Korean Air, and Guoda Airlines has the ability to , does not need our cooperation. Judging from this, it is estimated to find a slightly smaller airline. It is still in the process of choosing, and there is no conclusion for the time being. Representative Li, I didn’t expect you to be interested in such a small matter?”
"It's okay, just asking casually." Li Hyuk-jae stood up slowly: "Okay, we've finished talking, let's go! Director Jin, too?"
"Boss Kim has done a lot of hard work in this conversation, so we must be together." President Park said with a smile.
Upon hearing this, Chief Jin showed a smile that a man could understand, and patted President Park on the back: "I have something to say, let's go."
After finishing speaking, Director Jin also stood up, and immediately planned to call his assistant to come in and give some orders.However, the assistant walked in without being summoned by Chief Kim.
"Huh?" Chief Jin was a little strange, but he didn't think too much, and said to the assistant, "You came just in time, I have something to tell you."
"Director, the General Administration just called."
"what happened?"
The assistant looked at Park Seok-won next to the director: "British Airways flight 1009 encountered volcanic ash in the Jakarta area, and now it seems that it cannot land. British Airways has applied for incident files from airlines that have encountered volcanic ash in recent years through CAA. A few years ago, Asiana Airlines Encountered volcanic ash in the air and sea in northern Europe”
"Oh, that time!" Park Xiyuan remembered it all at once.About two years ago, Asiana Airlines encountered an eruption of Iceland's Eyjafjallah volcano while implementing a Nordic route.At that time, the handling of the crew was considered appropriate and did not cause any dangerous consequences. The Civil Aviation Administration of Korea also commended Asiana Airlines.
Pu Xiyuan waved his hand: "Since it is the request of the General Administration, I will ask the people below to send the files. Okay, is there anything else?"
The assistant nodded: "It's okay."
As soon as Director Jin saw that the president of Asiana Airlines had personally intervened, there was nothing wrong with him. He immediately explained some small things to his assistant, and then left the office building with Lee Hyuk-jae and Park Suk-won, and went happily.
Just when Lee Hyuk Jae was enjoying himself comfortably, a huge giant, a 747-400 aircraft, was circling at a very low altitude over the waters of Jakarta.
Not long ago, the crew that had decided to make a forced landing at sea accidentally discovered a tiny crack in the corner of the right front windshield just before entering the water, Xu Cang immediately gave up the forced landing at sea.
After pulling up, the plane maintained an altitude of [-] feet. At this altitude, the concentration of volcanic ash was relatively low. At least visually, there was not much St. Elmo's fire to be seen.
Moreover, since it is on the sea, there are no obstacles below, even if the area below cannot be seen, the aircraft is at an ultra-low altitude, but there is no need to worry about terrain obstacles.
Due to the rapid decrease in the concentration of volcanic ash, the No. [-] and No. [-] engines did not have any problems during the subsequent circling process. Even the flight management computer on Xu Cang's right side returned to normal, and the navigation signal reappeared.
However, the succession of good news did not make the three people in the cockpit feel happy at all.Now most of them are not the problem of the aircraft itself, but external factors are preventing them from landing.
"Our company is already thinking of a way. There should be news soon, right?" At this time, even the elderly and experienced captain felt that he had nowhere to go.
Not long ago, after pulling up and circling, the three people in the cockpit gathered together for a while, and there was really nothing they could do.Out of the idea of a dead horse as a living horse doctor, the captain in charge sent an application for help to British Airways headquarters through Jakarta control.
There is no satellite phone on this plane, so Jakarta control can only be used as an intermediary.Of course, even with a satellite phone, it's probably not going to work because of the volcanic clouds that contain a lot of static electricity.Their VHF contact with Jakarta control is pretty poor.
"What can I do, the road is blocked!" the second captain said bitterly.Even if he doesn't want to admit it, the current situation is so frustrating.
Two captains and one Xu Cang were here, there was absolutely nothing they could do.Is this really something that many people can think of?
While speaking, the second captain looked at the crack in the lower corner of the right front windshield.The crack was very small, only the length of a knuckle. For a while, the light in the cockpit was dimmed, so it was reasonable to ignore it.
However, it was such a small crack that directly cut off their only way out, the second pilot hated it!
Xu Cang rubbed his temples, his eyes wandering over the remaining three engines.The current external situation is indeed okay, but the low concentration of volcanic ash does not mean that there is no, and there will still be problems if it is consumed like this.
However, Xu Cang felt helpless for the first time after experiencing so many things.The area affected by the volcanic ash this time is too large, and it continues to expand.
Originally, they were still calculating whether they could maintain this ultra-low-altitude sea-skimming flight, then fly out of the volcanic ash area, and land at an airport outside the area, such as Sydney on the east coast of Australia.
The power margin of the 747 is designed to be very large, and it is absolutely feasible to fly to Sydney with three engines.
As a result, after this idea was communicated with the Jakarta control, the Jakarta control contacted the Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority CASA, and the reply was that the volcanic ash had already begun to affect the Sydney area, and the degree was increasing.
If Xu Cang and the others divert their flight to Sydney, and when they fly to Sydney, Sydney's Kingsford Smith Airport will also become like Jakarta's Soekarno-Hatta Airport. What's the point?
The volcanic ash spread too fast. According to estimates, if you want to completely surpass the volcanic ash, you have to fly east until you land at Honolulu International Airport in Hawaii.
However, its flight time exceeds six hours, which means that it is simply impossible for the aircraft to fly continuously in the low concentration of volcanic ash for six hours.
Xu Cang predicted that no matter how low the concentration of volcanic ash was, enough volcanic ash would still accumulate in the plane's engine within two hours at most, and problems would still occur later.
It's like the No. [-] and No. [-] engines, which were barely usable after surges before, have actually begun to show signs of failure. The vibration value of their engines is significantly higher than that of the slightly better No. [-] engine.
According to this speed, the vibration value of No. [-] and No. [-] engines exceeding the standard is an imminent problem.
The second captain became more and more angry, and began to curse on the spot: "Indonesia's Meteorological Bureau and Earthquake Bureau are just a bunch of trash. They didn't give any news when the Kelud volcano erupted."
They had thought about a problem before, that the British Airways dispatch had no news about such a giant volcanic eruption, which can no longer be described as outrageous.
As a result, I checked with Jakarta control, and their air traffic control department did not get relevant information.In other words, it's not that the British Airways dispatcher didn't care about it, but that it didn't know about it at all.
Originally, large-scale natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions should be issued by the earthquake bureau or disaster management department. In terms of aviation, the Meteorological Bureau calculates the areas that may be affected, and then communicates the results to the civil aviation department. The civil aviation department discusses and decides how response.
Among them, the scope of the possible impact should be informed to the airline dispatch and the air traffic control department, so that the airline can decide to cancel or change the flight, and at the same time let the air traffic control guide the aircraft to avoid the affected area as much as possible in advance.
However, anyway, the airline company and air traffic control did not receive any warning at all, so Flight 1009 went into the eruption of a giant volcano.
No matter from which angle you analyze it, it is simply unimaginable.
Most of the previous incidents of encountering volcanic ash were due to the low level of volcanic eruptions, which did not receive enough attention, and the plane strayed into it.And a volcanic eruption of Klud's level should have been concerned a long time ago.In other words, Indonesia's earthquake bureau or disaster management department did know about the volcanic eruption, but for some reason, it simply missed the notification to aviation.
For this kind of stupid low-level omission, the second captain was really going crazy.
It was the mistake of that group of people, but in the end it was me who paid the bill, and I still had to use my own life!
"Stop yelling!" The captain in charge became more and more irritable, and he said to Xu Cang, "Why don't we fly east?"
"Fly to Honolulu? More than six hours? Can you last six hours in a broken plane?" The second pilot shouted, obviously emotionally broken.
Death is not so terrible sometimes, what is terrible is the torment of waiting for death.
Xu Cang didn't speak, but his attitude was revealed.Flying east to Honolulu is simply out of the question.
Just when the atmosphere in the cockpit was like a powder keg about to explode, the call signal from the front cabin workshop suddenly sounded.Originally, the three people in the cockpit didn't want to care about it, but the call signal kept ringing.
The captain in charge, who was already upset, finally couldn't take it anymore. He switched the transmitter to talk to the cabin, and then said into the microphone: "You better have a good reason."
The purser could feel the anger in the captain's words, maybe he was a little guilty, and after waiting for a few seconds, he said weakly: "Captain, the first-class passengers want to know the current situation."
"Then tell him that the plane has encountered some weather conditions and is still dealing with it." The responsible captain finished speaking, thought for a while, and added: "Isn't it Mr. Leo?"
If it is the Airbus executive, since he seems to be with Xu Cang before, it seems that he can reveal a little bit.
"Not one, captain!" The flight attendant said worriedly: "Almost all of them! Now many first-class passengers are very emotional, and they want an explanation."
"All?" The captain in charge was stunned for a moment, then remained silent for a moment: "I'll come out right away."
After the call ended, the second captain hurriedly said: "You want to go out, what are you kidding, if they want to make trouble, then let's make trouble."
Due to the loudspeaker in the cockpit, both the second captain and Xu Cang could hear the conversation between the responsible captain and the purser.
"The people in the first-class cabin are different. If the plane can land and these people cause trouble later, it will be difficult to deal with. I'd better go out for a while." The responsible captain has already begun to unbuckle his seat belt: "Xu Cang, I'll leave the plane to you for the time being."
No way, this kind of first-class cabin on intercontinental flights is basically either rich or expensive.If everyone explained together, then naturally there would be no problem.But if they survived by luck, the combined energy of these people would be quite large.
Therefore, even for that little possibility, the captain in charge still felt that he had to go out for a trip.
The second captain sneered: "Just in case, I think there is a one-in-a-billion chance that you won't be able to survive."
Although he was complaining, the second captain got up and made way for the responsible captain.
The captain in charge sighed, he didn't refute the second captain's words, it was acquiescence.
Sure enough, waiting to die is really not a good experience.
The responsible aircraft got out of the cockpit, and the second captain wanted to close the door, but Xu Cang raised his hand: "Don't close it."
The second captain was taken aback, but he didn't say anything, he didn't lock the cockpit, but left a gap.
After the captain in charge came out, he found that many first-class passengers had stood up, and some of them seemed to be well-dressed, and at the same time, people with extraordinary bearing had gathered at the entrance of the front cabin workshop, looking aggressive.
Seeing the captain in charge coming out, these people rushed over immediately, even if the male flight attendant blocked it, it was useless.
The captain in charge could hold his breath. Seeing so many big men rushing over, he was calm and composed.
"Everyone, if you really want to know the real situation of the plane, I can tell you." The responsible captain came up and made it clear: "But, please exercise restraint."
These people are quite self-cultivated, and when the captain in charge said so, they all nodded.
In fact, not to mention the people in the first class, even the purser next to her pricked up her ears and listened attentively. She was eager to know the situation at the moment.
The captain in charge took a deep breath, there was still some pungent sulfur smell in the air, but in any case it couldn't compare to the bitterness in the captain's heart.
He raised his head slightly, and faced the big figures in the first-class cabin, the opening sentence was: "Everyone, we are in trouble."
After about 5 minutes, the responsible captain briefly explained the current situation.During these 5 minutes, no one made a sound, just listened quietly, and then everyone could feel how the surrounding atmosphere had dropped amid the bit by bit confession of the responsible captain.
Finally, after saying the last word, the captain in charge fell into silence, and the entire first-class cabin and front cabin workshop also fell silent.
"Everyone, the situation is like this. Before this, I didn't want to tell you. First, the situation is urgent. Second, I don't want you to share with us the news." Finally, it was the responsible captain who broke the silence and said something. Heartfelt words.
However, this kind of heartfelt words are more penetrating.
After a short joke, someone suddenly said: "Is ditching at sea still not feasible?"
"I must have said just now that the outer and inner glass of the right front windshield are now cracked, and their strength cannot withstand the impact of water entry during a forced landing at sea." The captain in charge said, "It is almost certain that if If you make a forced landing at sea, the right front windshield will definitely break!"
"So what?" The question suddenly popped up from the crowd.
The captain in charge didn't know who said it, but he explained patiently: "If the windshield breaks, seawater will pour into the cockpit."
"That's right, the cockpit is sealed with a door. Even if the sea water floods back, most of it is limited to the cockpit, and we are not affected." At this time, a gray-haired old man pushed through the crowd and walked out, facing the captain in charge. : "Is there nothing wrong with what I said?"
Many people present already understood what the old man meant, but they didn't stop them, they just chose to remain silent.Silently wanted the responsible captain to accept all this.
"Sir, I don't think you understand me." The captain in charge had a bitter expression on his face: "I mean, we...will die!"
"I know!" However, this sentence has no weight to the old man: "Isn't this what you should do? This is your obligation!"
"But we"
Before the captain in charge finished speaking, the old man directly interrupted the captain in charge: "You said just now, there is no other way. Instead of dying together with everyone on the plane, it is better for you to fulfill your responsibilities and obligations and make an emergency landing at sea. Right! In this way, at least the people behind will still have a chance to survive."
"Yes, isn't this the responsibility of your pilots?"
"Anyway, there is no other good way now, so wouldn't it be better to let as many people as possible survive?"
"Yes! If we can survive, we will give your family enough compensation. Everyone here has such financial resources, you should be clear."
All of a sudden, the voices in the first-class cabin were one after another, most of them hoped that the crew would dedicate themselves to the ditch landing at sea, so that they could have a chance of survival.
Although the ants still live secretly, but this kind of scene is so dazzling in a civilized society.
The responsible captain is not short of money, at least compared to ordinary people, his life is very good.But this is based on the premise that he can continue to work. If he dies, the quality of life of his wife and son will decline sharply.
Although rationally feeling that this might be the way to maximize profits, the captain in charge still feels mixed feelings after seeing the indifference of human nature.
"Fart!" The second captain suddenly pushed open the cockpit door. He was so excited that he didn't even switch languages. He still spoke Chinese with an accent: "I just want to pull you dogs. Things die together."
In fact, even though many people couldn't understand what the second captain was saying, they could probably figure out what it meant just by looking at the second captain's flushed face from excitement.
The second captain had an idea in his heart just now.That is, if there is really no other way, then it is better to make a forced landing at sea, which can be regarded as ruining your own reputation.
But he did it voluntarily and others coerced him to do it, those are two completely different concepts.
"What about Xu Cang, I remember that he made a successful ditching at sea once, so he couldn't avoid the problem of the broken windshield?" At this time, Leo, who had been silent at the back, asked, and the question was in Chinese.
As soon as this remark came out, many people didn't respond because they couldn't understand Chinese. Instead, the old man at the front turned his head and looked at Leo, and replied in fluent Chinese: "You mean the young man who entered the cockpit in front Have you made a successful ditching at sea?"
The old man saw Xu Cang go to the front cabin workshop with his own eyes, and he never came out again.There is no doubt that he must have entered the cockpit. Maybe the young man went in to help when the plane encountered a problem. He must also be a pilot.
After the old man finished speaking, he switched languages and communicated with Leo in a language that no one present could understand, and Leo was able to answer them fluently.
In fact, the two spoke Scottish Gaelic, a very ancient Celtic language, which is quite a rare language.
The two talked back and forth for a long time, and finally the old man sighed: "It seems that there is an amazing young man in the cockpit."
After finishing speaking, the old man shouted to the cockpit, in Chinese: "Young man, I am willing to buy this life with one-tenth of my net worth, is it okay?"
No one in first class understands Gaelic, but Chinese can be understood by some.Although some people can't see the situation clearly, it doesn't prevent these people from talking nonsense and asking for various conditions.
However, a young man's plain voice came from the cockpit: "If you die, what's the use of keeping the nine-tenths of your net worth?"
The old man laughed: "It seems that you don't know who I am, and how much one-tenth of my net worth is!"
In the gap between the old man's words, a long sigh came from the cockpit, which contained a lot of unwillingness.
However, before Xu Cang could answer, the Jakarta control voice came out from the loudspeaker in the cockpit: "British Airways 1009!"
The responsible captain and the second captain trembled, and they both rushed into the cockpit without thinking about what to say.As the cockpit door slammed shut, the first-class passengers who had gathered around looked at each other in blank dismay.
I've always wanted an explanation, but now that I know it, everyone doesn't know what to do to be honest.
I don't know why, and I don't know who started it. Everyone started to go to their seats, silently, no one was talking.
The old man stared blankly at the closed cockpit door, and he didn't turn around until everyone around him left.However, this turn just happened to face Leo.
Then, in Gaelic that no one understood, Leo exclaimed, "You shouldn't be talking like that!"
"You mean the money I gave was not enough?" the old man asked back.
Leo is helpless: "I mean he is not a person who is completely on par with money."
"That only shows that the benefits are not big enough." The old man walked slowly, and when he passed Leo, he said, "Leo, there is no one in this world who doesn't like money."
At this moment, in the cockpit, the captain in charge and the second captain quickly sat down, and the voice of the controller came from the loudspeaker: "1009, your company wants to pass you, I will connect their audio signal, you You can talk freely."
After finishing speaking, he didn't even get a reply from the crew. He was silent for a moment, and then a man's deep voice came: "Jonathan, how are you doing now?"
Jonathan was the name of the captain in charge, and he was obviously stunned because the man spoke in Chinese.
Earlier, they told the headquarters of British Airways that Xu Cang was in the cockpit.I don't know if it's because of this reason, but the person from the headquarters of British Airways speaks Chinese very fluently without any accent.
"The situation is okay now, may I ask if there is any plan developed by the headquarters?" Since the headquarters also uses Chinese, the captain in charge naturally followed suit.At the same time, he asked again: "Is it Richard?"
"It was me! We contacted Changi International Airport, but there are some administrative issues involved and it may take some extra time to get Changi International Airport back up and running. However, according to our information, the Changi Airport side The ILS system is also damaged. Even if Changi Airport is open, you will probably not be able to land at Changi Airport," Richard said.
"It's okay, Changi International Airport has never been an option for us anyway." The captain in charge said frustratedly.
"Although we can't hope for Changi International Airport, maybe you still have the possibility of landing in Jakarta."
"Impossible!" The second captain almost instinctively denied this statement, but then he thought about it, at this time, the British Airways headquarters couldn't make fun of him, so he had a hint of expectation: "There I can’t even use the blind landing, the clearance environment of the Soekarno-Hatta Airport is extremely complicated, there is no signal guidance, how to fly?”
"The blind landing is really useless, but the GLS system can be used." Richard said: "The GLS approach is being verified at Soekarno-Hatta Airport."
"GLS? What is this?" Not only the responsible captain, but even the second captain had never heard of this term.The second captain even asked: "Is this a new type of instrument landing system?"
"You mean the satellite landing system?" At this moment, Xu Cang, who had been silent all this time, interrupted: "You mean the Soekarno-Hatta Airport has a VDB broadcast?"
"You know the satellite landing system? You also know the VHF data link broadcast?" Richard was obviously very surprised by Xu Cang's knowledge, because this is a very advanced technology in this era, even more advanced than the PBN technology mentioned earlier. Advance, after all, PBN technology has begun to operate in some areas, but the satellite landing system has not even been tested, and is still in the verification stage.
"Compared to why I know, does Soekarno-Hatta Airport have the requirements for ground equipment?" Xu Cang squinted his eyes and asked, "To be precise, I want to know if there is a ground augmentation system over there."
After hearing Xu Cang's question, the opposite party was silent for a few seconds, and immediately became amazed: "You are Xu Cang, I've heard of you! I didn't expect a place like CAAC to produce a talent like you. Don't worry, Su Gano-Hatta Airport is the verification site for the satellite landing system in South Asia, where there are complete ground equipment."
"What about the FAS data block? Is it stored in the aircraft's navigation database, or is it broadcast by the airport's VDB station?"
"Only a very small number of FAS data blocks are stored in the aircraft's navigation database, and this aircraft is no exception. The virtual localizer and glideslope of the final approach segment will be sent to you by VDB radio." Richard continued : "Although there is information about your aircraft here, I would like to check on the spot whether it meets the airborne equipment requirements of the satellite landing system."
"No need!" Xu Cang said directly: "Is the satellite landing system at the airport Class I, Class II, or Class III?"
"Xu Cang, this is related to your life and death, I feel it is necessary to verify it."
“核实什么?飞行管理计算机系统是霍尼韦尔的,符合Release 1A标准。MMR接受机是罗克韦尔GLU-925,零件代码822-1821-430,可以进行模式切换。GPS天线满足RCTA DO-228的标准,代码822-2031-001。无线电管理面板,件号C12848DA01,允许施行GLS进行。电子仪表系统EFIS达到S7标准。飞行告警计算机FWC满足H2F3标准。中央故障数据接口组件CFDIU达到9B标准。现在都没问题了,你说苏加诺-哈达机场的GLS是什么等级?”
After Xu Cang finished speaking, he felt that the surroundings were extremely quiet, and he turned his head to look at the captain in charge.The captain in charge was looking at him with a hellish expression.
"What are you looking at?"
The captain in charge was shocked: "Xu Cang, where did you see it? How do you know?"
He could understand every word Xu Cang said, but he couldn't understand it at all.It seemed that Xu Cang and them were not in the same realm at all. In front of him, he was just a student who had just learned to fly.
"Okay, okay, okay!" On the other side of the communication, Richard was also extremely surprised: "Xu Cang, if you can survive, I will go find you."
Xu Cang frowned: "That's not what I want to hear."
"Okay! Soekarno-Hatta Airport has only one type of satellite landing system. To be precise, there are no second and third types of satellite landing systems in the world, and there is no verification."
In fact, Xu Cang already has the answer in his heart. According to historical development, the second and third types of satellite landing system will be available almost ten years later, and that is where the real value of the satellite landing system lies.
"What about the channel number? We don't have a chart. Does the control guide us?"
Richard is already familiar with Xu Cang's terrifying amount of knowledge, and has calmly responded to Xu Cang's professional question about the channel number of the satellite landing system: "There is no relevant procedure at Soekarno-Hatta Airport , there will be traffic control to guide you to the fifth side. The lane number of runway 27 is 22237!"
"22237!" Xu Cang memorized this number, which is equivalent to the navigation frequency of blind landing: "Okay, we are going to be busy!"
"Do you know the operating procedures of the satellite landing system?" Richard asked.
"Know!"
Richard did not ask Xu Cang if he really knew how to operate the satellite landing system, but asked solemnly: "Xu Cang, is the first-class signal enough for you to land? The current visual standard of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Almost zero."
Xu Cang let out a long breath, and said a word heavily: "Enough!"
"Okay!" Richard returned happily, and directly transferred the audio signal back to Jakarta's regional control.
Xu Cang turned his head to look at the responsible captain, who was stunned for a moment, and immediately understood: "Jakarta, we have decided to go to Soekarno-Hatta Airport now, you can now guide us with the radar, and the altitude application should continue to be [-] feet. "
"Huh? There is a problem with the blind landing system at Soekarno-Hatta Airport. Do you still want to go there?"
"We will apply for satellite landing, please inform the airport to pay attention to reception!"
"Satellite landing system?" Apparently from the tone, even the area control didn't know much about it.However, he didn't need to know about this matter, and immediately said: "British Airways 1009, heading 070, keep the altitude at [-] correct sea pressure!"
After the captain in charge repeated the recitation, Xu Cang immediately began to change the course, and at the same time said to the captain in charge: "Make a passenger announcement, just say that we are going to Soekarno-Hatta Airport now."
"Compared to the passenger radio, Xu Cang, what exactly is the satellite landing system?" The captain in charge asked the question he had been wanting to ask just now: "Why have I never heard of it?"
Perhaps because he heard that there is a satellite landing system, Xu Cang saw a glimmer of life, and his mood was not so depressed, and he patiently explained to the captain in charge: "It's just a cutting-edge landing system. For guidance, the FAS data block is used to define a virtual localizer and glideslope in the final approach segment, which is actually very similar to ILS."
"Guided by GPS signal?" The second captain suddenly felt a little strange: "Isn't there an error in the GPS signal? Can this achieve sufficient accuracy?"
"So this system needs a ground augmentation system to correct the GPS signal."
The second captain didn't understand for a while: "What do you mean?"
Xu Cang clicked his lips, he is not a popular science teacher, he is not willing to do this kind of thing, but he thought about it, so he said casually: "Since there is an error in the GPS signal, first determine a ground with fixed coordinates processing station, and then compare the coordinates of the ground processing station with the coordinates measured by GPS, won’t you get an error value? The computer at the ground processing station will perform a differential correction on this value, and then pass the corrected accurate data through The VHF data link broadcast is transmitted to the aircraft, so that the error of the GPS signal obtained by the aircraft is very small. The receiver on the aircraft will solve the signal data transmitted by the ground processing station, and then calculate a virtual course and down the slide."
"That's it!" The second captain nodded half-understanding: "What about the channel number?"
"Tsk!" Xu Cang became a little impatient: "The channel number is a five-digit number, which corresponds to a data block of the final approach segment, that is, corresponds to a GLS approach procedure. After selecting a channel number Afterwards, the onboard subsystem automatically adjusts to a VHF frequency to accept the data block for the final approach segment."
The responsible captain and the second captain glanced at each other, and they could see a trace of doubt in each other's eyes, obviously they still didn't quite understand.However, looking at Xu Cang's appearance, it's not easy to ask again, anyway, just follow Xu Cang to do it.
So, the captain in charge obediently went to broadcast to the passengers, while Xu Cang started to prepare for the plane.
In fact, the operation of the satellite landing system is very similar to that of the blind landing, except that the navigation frequency is changed to the channel number, and the rest changes little.
In fact, Xu Cang only participated in the second-class verification of the satellite landing system once in later generations.However, that experience was enough for Xu Cang to remember the operating procedures of the satellite landing system.
When preparing for the approach, the main frequency on the navigation panel must be the channel number of GLS, but on the backup frequency, Xu Cang hesitated and jumped out of the local VOR frequency of Soekarno-Hatta Airport.
About 10 minutes later, Jakarta's area control suddenly called: "British Airways 1009, the airport reported that the satellite landing system is an unapproved approach technology, and they do not agree to accept you."
"You" the captain in charge was shocked: "We are now in a state of emergency, and they are not willing to accept it?"
"The airport gave me this answer, and they suggested that you choose another alternate landing field."
Xu Cang frowned, why did such a thing happen.However, in terms of time, even a type of satellite landing system has not been approved at this point in time.Soekarno-Hatta Airport is actually right.
The captain in charge thought for a while, and immediately said: "Help us pick up our company's audio signal, can you?"
"sure, no problem!"
Soon, after a burst of noise, the responsible captain felt that the connection should be established, and said impatiently: "Richard, the airport said that the satellite landing system has not been approved and will not accept us."
"It's fine, I'll let ICAO do a provisional authorization for the satellite landing system."
"What about DGCA?" Xu Cang hurriedly asked, "If you want the airport to be able to run relevant procedures, you need a second authorization from the Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority."
ICAO authorizes the satellite landing system, which shows that the operation of this system is compliant.The second authorization from the local Civil Aviation Administration of Indonesia shows that the operation of this system in Indonesia is compliant, and the two are indispensable.
"Don't worry, we will also communicate well with the Indonesian side. Before you arrive at the terminal area of Soekarno-Hatta Airport, all authorization issues will be resolved."
After speaking, the signal at British Airways headquarters was disconnected directly.However, it should be fine to listen to the tone over there. If you are not fully sure at this time, you will definitely not speak like this.
"Who is that person?" Now even Xu Cang felt curious, and he was able to get the dual authorization of the International Civil Aviation Organization and the Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority in a short period of time. Even if the authorization is temporary, it is quite powerful.
"Richard!" said the captain in charge, "He is our company's senior technical advisor. However, his main position is the chairman of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association."
"International Federation of Airline Pilots Association, IFALPA?" Xu Cang asked slightly surprised.
The captain in charge nodded: "Yes! The headquarters of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association is in the UK, so he took up a position in our company. I didn't expect this to alarm him."
Xu Cang took a deep breath. The International Federation of Airline Pilots Association is a huge organization representing [-] airlines, and it has huge energy in the world's civil aviation industry.
Unexpectedly, today I was able to talk to the highest level of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association.
Sure enough, Xu Cang's estimation of the power of the International Federation of Airline Pilots Association is not a problem.About 15 minutes later, the Jakarta regional control quickly conveyed the news that the airport agreed to conduct a satellite landing system approach.
In fact, Xu Cang could also understand the airport's considerations.The satellite landing system is an unapproved landing system, and if Flight 1009 crashed during the approach, the airport that provided and allowed an irregular landing system may bear some responsibility.
However, if the system is authorized, then even if there is a problem, it is on the crew's side, and has nothing to do with the airport.
It can only be said that the consideration of Soekarno-Hatta Airport is too cautious.
After the plane approached the terminal area of the airport, due to the terrain, the plane climbed to [-] feet. After crossing a hill, the frequency was switched to the airport tower.
Soon, under the guidance of the airport tower, the plane descended to [-] feet again, and then intercepted the localizer and glideslope with a procedure and deceleration plan almost consistent with the blind landing.
On the instrument landing display on the PFD on both sides, it is not the conventional ILS displayed, but the GLS, and the rest of the difference is not big.The indicator points of the localizer and glideslope simulated by the satellite landing system are the same as those of the ILS.
"British Airways 1009, the runway visual range and vertical visibility cannot be measured at this field. The satellite landing system is still in the verification stage, and the signal may be unstable. If there is a problem with the signal, please terminate the approach immediately." The control tower said: "British Airways 1009, correct sea pressure 1013, runway 27 is ready to land, pay attention to signal stability!"
"Runway 27, you can land, and the sea pressure is corrected to 1013!" The responsible captain repeated, and sighed: "The temperature today is really good, [-] degrees, the standard ISA temperature."
Xu Cang did not speak, but kept paying attention to the indication points of the localizer and glideslope.Since there is no approach chart, of course no one here can provide a compliant approach chart. However, through the calculation of the altitude ratio, Xu Cang can roughly know that the aircraft is on a suitable glideslope, and this glideslope is Standard three-degree glide angle.
Looking at the stable guidance signal, the responsible captain finally breathed a sigh of relief: "It seems that there is no problem, I didn't expect another village to come out!"
It is indeed quite abrupt to say the phrase "the willows are dark and the flowers are bright and another village is bright" from the mouth of a foreigner.
"Xu Cang, pay attention to the movement of landing for a while."
Xu Cang nodded: "I know, I will simulate the way the automatic driving lands."
For a skilled person like Xu Cang, he can do whatever he wants to land.The landing method of automatic driving is indeed very different from that of manual control.It will be about [-] feet ahead and back to trim, and at the same time increase the amount of ejector stick to maintain the correct descent, then level off at a fixed altitude, close the throttle at a fixed altitude, it is the kind that is directly closed in one breath, and finally maintain the attitude , smoothly grounded, very solid, yet incredibly efficient.
The captain in charge didn't say much, he thought that it shouldn't be difficult to simulate the landing of the autopilot in Xu Cang's way.The only concern is whether the signal of the satellite landing system can be accurate and stable enough.
The main difference between Type I, Type II, and Type III is in accuracy and stability.If there is a signal fluctuation at a low altitude, it will definitely not be able to fall.
The altitude is [-] feet. The only good thing is that today is almost calm wind, without any turbulence and turbulence. Xu Cang doesn't even need to adjust the attitude of the plane, he just needs to maintain a stable movement, and then slowly correct some small deviations. Can.
Fifteen hundred feet high!
Just when it seemed that the years were peaceful, the plane's glide path signal suddenly began to vibrate significantly up and down.This is definitely not a problem with the control of Xu Cang's plane, but a problem with the signal of the landing system.
"Huh?" The captain in charge glanced down at the CDU, and suddenly an advisory message popped up in the draft column of the CDU—the left GPS failed.
Before the captain in charge could react, the information about the failure of the left GPS changed to that of the failure of the right GPS.
Now, the responsible captain's scalp is about to explode. This satellite landing system is based on GPS signals. The GPS signals on this plane have all failed, so how can they fly?
Sure enough, less than a second after the right GPS failure advisory message popped up, the simulated localizer and glideslope signals disappeared directly.
"This" the responsible captain froze for a moment, and immediately prepared to report to the control tower.However, just as he raised the microphone on his earphone, he saw Xu Cang stretch out his left hand and grabbed the responsible captain's earphone microphone.
"Don't talk, continue!" Xu Cang said coldly.
After speaking, Xu Cang let go of the microphone directly, and then switched the frequency of the two navigation panels to the VOR frequency.In an instant, the plane's horizontal guidance switched from the satellite landing system to the VOR guidance.
"How can you fly without guidance?" the captain in charge shouted.Immediately, he suddenly saw Xu Cang's lips seem to be opening and closing slightly, as if he was calculating something.
I saw Xu Cang's eyes kept moving back and forth, and the captain in charge was stunned.Soon, the captain in charge discovered that Xu Cang was not looking at the airspeed indicator or anything, but the ground speed and altimeter on the navigation page.
That's right, Xu Cang is not looking at the indicated airspeed now, but at the groundspeed.
The second captain reacted faster than the responsible captain, he almost screamed out.
He knew what Xu Cang was doing!He is artificially calculating a glideslope!
The decline of the satellite navigation system is also calculated by the computer, but now Xu Cang is doing what should be done by the computer.
Why does he look at the ground speed instead of the indicated airspeed, because he needs to use the ground speed to calculate the rate of descent in real time.Yes, today is indeed a very good weather, no wind, the temperature is very standard, except for the volcanic ash.
However, at standard ISA temperatures, then no correction for aircraft glide is required.It is indeed possible to calculate the corresponding rate of descent when it is known that the final descent is three degrees and the ground speed is known.
However, theoretical feasibility is not the same as practical operability.
Since there is no reference to the height-to-distance ratio of the approach map, Xu Cang has no way of knowing whether he is really on the correct descent.Even the altitude-to-distance ratio on the approach chart is actually only a reference for integer nautical miles, and it cannot be real-time, so it can only be used for non-precision approaches.
However, something is better than nothing!Now Xu Cang is only adjusting in real time through the corresponding relationship between ground speed and descent rate.
This conversion relationship is not simple, but involves trigonometric functions and unit conversion. After all, the unit of ground speed is knots, and the rate of descent is feet per minute.
This kind of real-time conversion is not the most difficult. Even if this real-time calculation process is not required, it is almost impossible in terms of practical operation.
Because the ground speed is not only directly related in mathematics, but also closely related in flight control.
As the ground speed increases, the required rate of descent also increases, and vice versa.
This means that in order to correct one of them to the standard, the other value will change accordingly and become biased at the same time.
It is precisely because of this related factor that the aircraft will have unimaginable difficulties in maneuvering.No, it's almost impossible.
On the one hand, it has to deal with a huge amount of calculations that cannot be done by manpower, and on the other hand, it has to carry out immeasurable and precise control of the aircraft. If there is any deviation between the two, it will be extremely fatal.
Moreover, due to meteorological conditions, the aircraft must be maintained on the glideslope with almost strict standards.
"He is using VOR as a horizontal guide, and he calculated a glide path in his own mind. No wonder he asked me if there was any pinching between the VOR course and the final extension line of runway 27!" The responsible captain's heart was pounding. An approach that is shaking the world of civil aviation is being witnessed.
Xu Cang pursed his lips, as if the rock that had never moved for ten thousand years, in his hands, the plane also remained motionless, continuously descending at almost the same rate of descent.
perhaps!perhaps!Can he really complete this demanding landing in mental arithmetic?
The responsible captain and the second captain both had this idea for some reason!
Five hundred feet high!
The two captains who seemed to have seen the dawn suddenly saw the PULLUP display appearing below the attitude indicator on the PFD, and then the WHOO sounded in the cockpit! PULL UP!Terrain Alert!
The second captain's face suddenly changed. His first thought was that he had encountered a terrain warning, and Xu Cang's mental calculation of the trajectory was wrong!
"Xu Cang, go around, go around, terrain warning!" The captain of the second plane shouted.
This is basically the pilot's instinctive reaction. When encountering a terrain warning at ultra-low altitude, there is an imminent risk of collision with the ground. No pilot will continue to descend. That is not an approach, but courting death!
The responsible captain did not speak, but held the steering wheel with his left hand. This action already represented everything.
It is true that Xu Cang's performance just now was amazing enough, but everything is still not worth the objective difficulty.Human beings simply cannot calculate such a huge amount of content.
After all, Xu Cang made a wrong calculation!And the terrain warning is the biggest evidence!Because the aircraft's descent rate is very stable now, there is no possibility of a terrain warning due to a large descent rate.And if the plane is really on the correct glideslope and the descent rate is normal, there is absolutely no terrain warning, otherwise, the glideslope is wrong.
However, there is a legal blind landing slide on runway 27, which is also a three-degree slide, so this slide cannot be wrong, and only Xu Cang is wrong.
Maybe Xu Cang was stunned, and if necessary, he needs to take over the plane.
"Xu Cang, you should do a go-around or terrain maneuver!" The captain in charge didn't do it right away, he still expected Xu Cang to do it himself.
However, Xu Cang's eyes kept moving back and forth, and he hadn't given up yet.
"Xu Cang!" Seeing this, the captain in charge shouted suddenly: "The Tokyo Convention like you can't protect you. Even if you survive, you will still have to go to court."
The Tokyo Convention signed in the past expresses a large number of immunity for pilots, even including some immunity from penalties.Although it caused a lot of controversy at the time, it was finally signed.
However, if Xu Cang is obsessed with his obsession, then even the Tokyo Convention that greatly protects the rights and interests of pilots is useless.
The second captain's heart almost stopped. At this moment, the volcanic ash was filling the air, and they couldn't see the outside, so they could only trust the terrain warning.Seeing that Xu Cang hadn't moved yet, he suddenly roared: "Xu Cang, what are you doing!"
It was in this thunderous shout that Xu Cang's body trembled suddenly, and a drop of bright red blood flowed out of his nasal cavity. He muttered to himself and said in an almost desperate tone: " It's messed up, I can't figure it out!"
Even Xu Cang was distracted by the roar of the second captain, and in an instant, he couldn't figure it out anymore!
"GPS failure will lead to wrong terrain warnings, don't you guys know?" Xu Cang said weakly as if his soul had been taken away.
"Xu Cang." This sentence directly hit the second captain's heart, as if he was on the spot, he seemed to understand that he had made a huge mistake.
Xu Cang exhausted his mind and calculated the slide. He was so concentrated that he couldn't say a single word to explain it all.
However, it was precisely because of the continuous interference of the two captains that everything was in chaos at last, Xu Cang could no longer catch up, and the glide path of mental arithmetic was gone!
The second captain who reacted almost fainted, and the vitality he got was extinguished by himself!
"No! It's not over yet!"
However, at this moment of despair, Xu Cang burst out with strong willpower, the light is already in front of him, how can he retreat?
It's not that I don't want to write anymore, the chapter limit has been reached!
(End of this chapter)
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