After five years of teaching support, Daming became an empire on which the sun never sets.

"Undifferentiated fraternity, everyone is brothers and sisters, as close as a family, without any competition and conflict. This is the same as there is only one animal in the forest, rabbits, and no one bites anyone."

"Obviously, this is not in line with the laws of nature, the natural ecology, and the way of heaven." Qin Yu said.

"Any thoughts that are not in line with the way of heaven cannot last long."

"In the natural ecology, there must be a food chain."

"That way, animals of all kinds can be healthy and the environment can function."

"This is indeed the biggest reason why the Mohist school can't grow." Zhu Yuanzhang also felt the same way. "Their school has always been withered, because few people can treat others as brothers."

"They have too high demands on people's moral character."

"As for mutual benefit, that's even more outrageous." Qin Yudao, "Communication benefit advocates seeking benefits together, and opposes any competition. This is not in line with basic human nature, and brothers still settle accounts clearly."

"Taoists say that the one who benefits is the Tao."

"Obviously mutual benefits are not in line with the way of heaven."

"Loving each other and benefiting each other is an ideal world conceived by Mozi. In this world, everyone is as close as brothers and sisters, there is no competition, and common interests are shared, just like in ancient society, people cooperate to hunt together and then enjoy together. .”

"It does sound like an ideal world."

"However, this conception violates the nature of creatures pursuing interests."

"Birds all compete for food, how can people be selfless?"

"That's right!" Zhu Yuanzhang said, "The Mohist's shortcomings lie in these two ideas that go against the way of heaven."

"In addition to mutual love and mutual benefit, their ideas of 'respecting the virtuous', 'respecting the same', 'the aspirations of heaven', 'understanding ghosts' and 'saving the use' are all perfect, not only reasonable but also practical."

"In addition, Mohism's mechanics have made great contributions to mechanics, geometry, optics, etc."

"It's pretty advanced."

"So if the Mohists want to manage the province well in a short period of time, they must get rid of the chaff and keep the essence, and don't be obsessed with the idea of ​​'love each other and benefit each other'."

"Loving each other and benefiting each other is the basic thought of the Mohist school. If you discard this basic thought, is the Mohist school still a Mohist school?" Zhu Yuanzhang said.

"I'm talking about not being attached, not giving up." Qin Yu said, "They want to keep and love each other and benefit each other. They can encourage others to do so voluntarily, but they can't force it."

"Let mutual love form a good moral atmosphere instead of forming a system."

"Do you know what the rules are in the Mojiazhai?"

"It's the brothers and sisters of the Mohist family. They must be like a family and cannot have any conflicts. Once there is a conflict, they will be expelled from the Mohist family. The benefits obtained by the disciples must be distributed equally, otherwise they will also be punished."

"That is to say, they have formed a law of mutual love and mutual benefit."

"Forcing the disciples to act in accordance with the law."

"Because of the existence of such a law, many Mohist disciples couldn't bear it and left automatically. It is obviously unworkable to force others to treat other people as brothers and sisters and distribute benefits equally."

"This is equivalent to forcing others to act bravely, like helping the elderly when they meet."

"These things can only be encouraged, not forced."

……

"Yes, if the Mohist school can not force others to love each other and benefit each other, they will be able to govern the province well." Zhu Yuanzhang said, "However, loving each other is a good moral custom, and it would be very good if the people could be encouraged to do so. "

"Good character can only be encouraged, not forced!" Qin Yu emphasized again.

"After talking about the shortcomings of the Mohists, what about the Legalists?" Zhu Yuanzhang asked again.

"Legalism can be traced back to the 'Liguan' in the Xia and Shang Dynasties, and matured in the Warring States Period." Qin Yu said, "In fact, there were laws in ancient times. Jiang Taigong's ancestor Boyi assisted Yu Shun in legislation and punishment."

"Legalism is based on the rule of law"

"Don't distinguish between relatives and estrangements, don't make distinctions between high and low, one must be broken by the law"

"Monarchs and ministers, high and low, obey the law"

"The law is not noble, and the rope is not bent."

"Punishment does not evade ministers, rewards do good"

"That is to say, Legalism has been perfect and fair from the very beginning."

"It's just that later, under the impact and criticism of Confucius' benevolence and virtue, it gradually went astray."

"Confucius advocated the restoration of 'Zhou Li', but what is Zhou Li? It is a set of etiquette and rules to maintain the ruling class of the Zhou Dynasty. His etiquette is that the punishment cannot be punished by a doctor, and the courtesy cannot be inferior to a common man."

"The Legalists advocated that the punishment should not avoid the minister, but the 'Li' advocated that the punishment should not be the doctor..."

"There is a sharp contradiction between the two."

"During the period of contention among a hundred schools of thought, Confucianism and Legalism conducted a 'discussion'."

"Confucius restored Zhou Li, but what is the essence of Zhou Li?"

"Don't be high or low, the order is high or low. Filial piety, younger brother (brother), loyalty, festival..."

"The filial piety... 24 filial piety is the 'masterpiece' of the word filial piety. As for what is 24 filial piety, I won't go into details one by one. There are many terrible and dehumanizing things in it."

"24 Filial piety destroys human nature, why?" Zhu Yuanzhang's expression froze when he heard this.

As a feudal monarch, he also highly respected 24 filial piety.

"You still don't know?" Qin Yu was dumbfounded.I thought to myself, it seems that this person's concept is still at a very backward stage.He has talked about history with himself for so long, but his thinking in this area has not improved much?

"For example, in the 24 filial piety, the buried son serves the mother." Qin Yu said, "Guo Ju in the Han Dynasty was poor and had a three-year-old son. There was an old mother who often reduced her food and gave it to her grandson. .”

"Guo Ju said to his wife: "Poverty can't provide for the mother, and the son divides the mother's food. How can I bury the son? The son can be reborn, but the mother can't get it again. The wife dare not disobey."

"What's even more ridiculous is the ending of the story: Ju Sui dug a hole more than three feet away, and suddenly saw a cauldron of gold, and said, "Heaven bestows a filial son, Guo Ju, who cannot be taken by officials or taken by the people." The person who made up this story also knew that, If he was really asked to bury his son, it would be a bit outrageous, and I am afraid it will arouse people's disgust, so he came up with a plot of a golden cauldron bestowed by God."

"It can also be seen from the God-given gold in the back that this story was basically made up by some people to promote filial piety."

"Why is this story not good?" Zhu Yuanzhang asked.

"Do you know Tibetan antelopes?" Qin Yu asked, "When Tibetan antelopes fly across the mountain streams, the old ones are always at the bottom to support the young ones. The young ones fly over, and the old ones are buried at the bottom of the cliff. "

"Let's assume that if the young ones are the backs for the old ones, the Tibetan antelope will be extinct within a few decades."

Zhu Yuanzhang was silent when he heard the words, and said for a long time: "After thinking about it carefully, this story is really not very good."