Xuande

Chapter 777 "Jia De Tong Yi" and an era

For a long time, Liu Bei has been very dissatisfied with this series of ideological theories. He believes that the oppression and imprisonment of the natural science theoretical system by the imperial system is very bad.

The imperial system that pursues stability naturally has an aversion to the theoretical system of natural science, and it will do everything possible to suffocate it. This cannot be solved by one or two people.

Therefore, in the brand new "Jia De Tong Yi", he intends to set this thought of belittling the development of science and technology on a politically incorrect position and criticize it fundamentally.

Then, the great significance of natural science is determined from both military and agricultural aspects, and then the theoretical system of natural science is supported to make it a necessary existence for the development of military power and agricultural production, making it politically correct.

Even so, he can't guarantee that all this will last for a long time, but no matter what, he will do it, and doing it is better than not doing it.

"If a worker wants to do a good job, he must first sharpen his tools. This point must not fall into the discussion of ingenuity and ingenuity. This kind of thinking will guide meat-eaters to deliberately not develop good tools in order to squeeze the physical strength of the people. In the end, even if the people starve to death, they will not care.

Although the Mohists have many bad ideas in terms of politics, they pay attention to the development of ingenuity and the progress of technology. I think this is very reasonable. Defeat, ingenuity played a great role.

The weapons used by our army are sharper than those of the enemy. The armor used by our army is more durable and more numerous than that of the enemy. The crossbows used by our army can shoot farther and faster than those of the enemy. , These are the magic weapons for our army to defeat the enemy.

And all of this stems from the application of ingenuity in our army. At the same time, the grain output of Dahan has been rising steadily over the years, and each year is more than the previous year. The reason is also the development of ingenuity. We can produce more high-quality steel.

These steels can not only meet the needs of the manufacture of ordnance, but also meet the needs of the people for iron farm tools. Things that could not be done in the past can now be done. In this way, it will be of great benefit to agricultural production, and food production will continue to increase. As far as wasteland is concerned, it is also a great improvement. "

This argument was supported by Zheng Xuan.

Ruan Yu is also the most staunch supporter.

Ruan Yu is very concerned about agricultural production. He knows that since the Liangzhou period, Liu Bei has provided a large number of high-quality farm tools to farmers, so farmers in Liu Bei's ruled areas can always get a relatively abundant supply of farm tools.

After Luoyang became an official, Ruan Yu will also pay attention to the issue of annual grain production.

He learned that areas with sufficient supply of agricultural tools have far more food production than areas without adequate supply of agricultural tools, and the number of famines is also a state where areas with sufficient agricultural tools are far less than areas with insufficient agricultural tools.

It can be seen that the area with sufficient supply of agricultural tools is far superior to other areas in terms of food production and ability to resist disasters.

Therefore, he believes that the development of ingenuity can greatly increase grain production, increase the grain reserves of the great man, and enhance the ability to resist disasters.

For a country, the significance of food reserves is too great.

The three giants in the compilation work all expressed their absolute support, so this discussion was undoubtedly added to "Jia De Tong Yi".

Pay attention to the development of ingenuity, deny ingenuity and ingenuity, and determine the significance of ingenuity to military and agricultural production. This kind of discussion was written into the constitution of the Han Dynasty, recognized it, and became a political correct.

Finally, Liu Bei also mentioned the diplomatic skills of the strategists, and believed that the combination of vertical and horizontal that the strategists pay attention to in diplomacy is very meaningful.

In the process of the Han's foreign exchanges, because he did not use the technique of combining vertical and horizontal, he was too arrogant and blindly confident, so that his home was stolen by the Huns several times, which led to several setbacks in the operation of the Western Regions and serious losses. .

When the deployment of its own troops cannot be achieved in time, the number of actions to achieve the goal by using the technique of combining vertical and horizontal alliances to obtain troops from countries in the Western Regions is relatively small, and there are even fewer talents who are good at using this diplomatic technique, which cannot give full play to the strategic deterrence of the great man.

The art of strategists must not lose its inheritance and significance because of the unification of the Han Dynasty. Strategists should exist for a long time and serve the diplomacy of the Han Empire, whether it is the countries of the Western Regions, or the Guishuang, Anxi, and even the Qin countries.

All in all, the basic national policy of Dahan's external development requires the participation of strategists.

So the imperial literati began to say good things about the art of the strategist in "Jiade Tongyi", recorded good stories, and recorded Liu Bei's quotations, so as to establish the basic position and significance of the art of the strategist in the future Han Dynasty.

After some deliberation, mainly following Liu Bei's orders, the basic tone of "Jia De Tong Yi" was finalized.

Taking advantage of all strengths, not using Confucianism as the only way of governing the country, but choosing to use the excellent theories of various schools of thought for reference, and formulating the spirit of the constitution of openness, pioneering, progress, legality, strictness, and justice, as a great Han Dynasty. Statecraft of the Third Reich.

In addition to the guiding ideology of this general policy, Liu Bei also personally guided and made decisions on some more specific details.

For example, Liu Bei ordered to change customs and get rid of bad customs. The typical examples are the customs at the time of marriage and the customs at the time of funeral.

Marriage customs in the Han Dynasty started from Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty to pay attention to grand affairs. The more luxurious the arrangement, the better, and the more people involved, the better.

Even if you have no money, borrow money to do it, you have to do it bustlingly, otherwise it will be a shameless thing.

For this reason, whether it is a commoner or a wealthy family, it is often a matter of holding a wedding.

In addition, in terms of funeral customs, the Han Dynasty also paid attention to generous burials, wishing to bury all family property in the ground during the funeral. It seems that if you do not do this, you will not be able to reflect the filial piety of children to their parents.

Even if the survivors can't even eat after a funeral, the dead family members cannot be prevented from being buried with rich funeral goods.

A marriage, a funeral, both will consume a lot of property of a normal family. Through this method, the growth of folk wealth can be greatly controlled. This series of magical operations starting from Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty can be said to make the common people Enough is enough.

This is the case with Liu Bei's family.

The successive deaths of his grandfather and father sent almost all of his family's property underground, causing his family to plummet from a middle-class official family to a family that weaves mats and sells shoes.

The thick burial tradition of the Han Dynasty is so terrifying.

And the meaning of the existence of this custom is just like what the art of domination says, what it does is to make the ruler's rule more stable and longer.

Other than that, it doesn't make much sense.

Therefore, Liu Bei ordered local officials to make more publicity to the local people, and it was rigidly stipulated that there is no need to make a fuss to entertain the relatives and friends of both parties for marriage, and there is no need to make a big fuss for funerals. The wish of the dead.

Changing customs is not a simple matter. If you want people to abide by the rules they are used to, then the impact on the locality should be great.

It even involves the root of filial piety. Liu Bei has no idea of ​​challenging this root yet, so he took a compromise path.

Class restrictions on customs.

Ordinary families can only hold weddings and funerals in accordance with the lowest-level regulations, and conduct them in a low-key manner. Except for relatives and friends, no one else is allowed to attend.

Ordinary landlords and powerful families are allowed to hold weddings and funerals at the middle and lower levels, and they are properly organized. Apart from relatives and friends, villagers can participate.

Wealthier local families of wealthy and powerful families and small official families can use the upper-middle-level regulations to organize weddings and funerals, and organize them well. Except for relatives and friends, county people can participate.

Officials' families are not restricted, so they can make a big fuss. Weddings and funerals are as luxurious and lively as they are, and you can spend as much money as you like. You can do as you like.

As long as you have money, even if you take over all the streets of Luoyang City, you are willing to do so.

In order to make detailed regulations, Liu Bei deeply participated in the formulation of the rules, and made detailed regulations on the four levels of identity definition standards, the procedures and contents of weddings and funerals, and even the cost, so as to prevent anyone from taking advantage of them.

This is of course also the basic spirit of the previous version of "Jiade Tongyi", "Baihu Tongyi".

"Baihu Tongyi" also made detailed regulations on some details, such as the frequency of intercourse with a 50-year-old concubine...

If they can be meticulous, so can I.

In fact, apart from the cost of marriage and funeral, what Liu Bei wants to do most is to get rid of the custom of keeping filial piety.

The matter of keeping filial piety is really a bit funny. Parents were not filial during their lifetime, and after they died, they went home and struggled against the air for three years. Apart from performing for other people, what is the point?
This kind of group moral kidnapping, and even the mandatory requirement at the national level, was one of the biggest maladministrations of the Han Dynasty, and Liu Bei hated it deeply.

It's just that it's not the time to shoot at the rule of "governing the world with filial piety", so Liu Bei has somewhat restrained himself.

Even so, with his efforts, the guiding ideology of the Han Empire has deviated far from the direction of Confucianism. From this moment on, the status of Confucianism has been changed from the official level of the Han Empire.

Since "Jade Tongyi" is going to be written in this way, Zheng Xuan feels that the education level also needs to be reformed simultaneously.

Anyway, he is also the Minister of the Ministry of Education, and he is also in charge of education. He is clear about how much Liu Bei attaches importance to education, so he feels that Liu Bei must have thought about this issue.

"That's natural. Since the great Han no longer uses Confucianism to govern the country, some changes will naturally be made at the education level. This has been going on all the time. Agriculture, astronomy and geography are also taught in Taixue and other universities.

As for the next step, we should do more compilation of textbooks in terms of law, Mohism, and vertical and horizontal studies. For Confucianism, the "Five Classics of Justice" that is being compiled is used as a textbook, and for other disciplines, we need to organize manpower to compile textbooks as soon as possible. "

Zheng Xuan nodded.

"The study of law is easy. Please spare some time for Guo Shangshu, Man Lingjun and others to compile the "Han Law" as the main body, but what should be used to compile textbooks for Mohism and vertical and horizontal studies?"

"If you want to study Mohism, let's focus on "Moh Jing"."

Liu Bei thought for a while, and said slowly: "I have read Mo Jing, which contains a lot of important content, about the number of spells, about some other knowledge, and there are many ingenious techniques, but some deletions need to be made, and the concurrent Delete things like love and non-attack, and keep the art of ingenuity."

"Understood, I will deal with this matter."

Zheng Xuan nodded and said: "What about vertical and horizontal studies? Does "Guiguzi" need to be taught in its entirety? Do you need to make some deletions?"

"Just proofread the words and sentences, and make some punctuation marks."

Liu Bei looked at Zheng Xuan and said, "As for the deletion, I don't think it's necessary. Does Zheng Gong think that there is anything in this book that is inconvenient to pass on to future generations?"

"That's not the case, it's just that there are many cunning and deceitful techniques in the book, although it is necessary, but..."

Zheng Xuanwei said: "If I teach these deceitful techniques openly, I'm afraid it will cause criticism, and it will bring some bad consequences, right?"

"Handling, how can you do it if you don't have the art of deceiving people?"

Liu Bei said with a smile: "From the point of view of Confucius' morality, of course he doesn't like vertical and horizontal techniques, but this world is not controlled by Confucius, nor by Confucian scholars, but by people in the world. What to learn, how to learn, how to learn So what, I won’t bother Old Master Confucius.”

Zheng Xuan understood what Liu Bei meant.

He asked this out of the instinct of a Confucian scholar. After hundreds of years of high-intensity moral education, he instinctively disliked the deceitful techniques in the vertical and horizontal technique, thinking that it would make people's hearts not old, but...

The world is about to change, it is no longer the world of Confucian moral gentlemen, the era when the Bajia family was deposed and only respected Confucianism is over, and the hundred schools may return to the society of the Han Empire, everything will be different from the past.

Under the power of Confucian discourse, vertical and horizontal numbers are deceitful techniques, but from other perspectives, vertical and horizontal numbers can bring benefits to the country. In this case, as a ruler, why not do it?
A moral gentleman can't play real diplomacy.

Moreover, in accordance with the political thinking of the new era of "laws that do not follow the past", the concept of "people's hearts are not ancient" will also become politically incorrect, and no one will use it as a basis to criticize others.

And if people's hearts are really going to be old, what will happen?
Guess how the ancients came to have so many reproductive taboos and social defenses such as "no marriage with the same surname"?

Therefore, with Liu Bei's permission, the revised version of "Five Classics of Justice", the abridged version of "Mojing", the revised version of "Guiguzi", and "Hanlu", as well as the original teaching materials such as agronomy, astronomy and geography, mathematics, etc. Included in the first sequence of textbooks for the education of the Han Empire.

The next job of the printing office is to prepare the printing tools, ready to print these books at full capacity at any time, and strive to print hundreds of thousands of copies of each volume for it to be used as teaching materials.

Next, it is the work of the department.

According to Liu Bei's request, Zheng Xuan needs to make a comprehensive revision of the teaching content of fifteen higher education institutions including Taixue and other fourteen schools, and convey it to Taixue and fourteen schools in time, regardless of whether they have The completion of school work must be communicated in place.

As far as Zheng Xuan knows so far, the imperial court's requirement that each state should have a state university has been fulfilled.

It’s just that the school in Yangzhou has just started, while the school in Jiaozhou has not yet started. Some states absorb more students, some states absorb fewer students, some states have been running schools for one or two years, and some states even have experience. It's just a grassroots team.

Liu Bei was busy fighting for power and dealing with conspiracies before, but now that he has some time to spare, he decided to personally oversee the construction of schools in various states.

Limited by funds and resources, it is currently impossible to further build more schools, but concentrating resources in fifteen specialized schools can still train a group of outstanding students for court affairs, so these fifteen schools School is a pro-son project in his eyes.

At present, in addition to Taixue, Liangzhou State School and Sili School are the best, followed by Yizhou School, Qingzhou School and Xuzhou School, Youzhou School, Jizhou School, Yanzhou School and Yuzhou School are the second. third gear.

The remaining Jingzhou Academy and Yangzhou Academy will meet again, not to mention Jiaozhou Academy.

A lot of things are being built and developed, but the current state, due to the constraints of time and operational experience, is really a bit primitive.

But it’s okay, the development of new things always has to face some ups and downs, just get over it.

(End of this chapter)