Guide to Traveling through the Northern Song Dynasty.

Chapter 277 0272 [The last lesson]

Jinzhou State School, under the big banyan tree.

Today is Ju Ming's last lecture in Jinzhou, and according to the imperial court's ban, the content of his lecture has nothing to do with "University Chapters and Sentences" and "Tao Yong Ce".

More than [-] officials, scholars, and common people were present, and even the corridors were crowded.

If the sound volume is slightly lower, outsiders can't hear clearly at all.

"I have nothing to say today. If you have any doubts, feel free to raise them on the spot," Zhu Ming said loudly. "I am young, not very knowledgeable, or biased. I hope you will understand me."

Song Ning, who joined the army as a recorder, came here on purpose today to find fault. He was the first to ask: "Your Excellency explained the "Great Learning" that human beings are born without good or evil. Isn't this what Buddhists say?"

Zhu Ming smiled playfully: "You are the same as Cai Xiang, and what you have learned is not new."

Song Ning looked a little embarrassed, then lowered his head and pretended to be dead.

The communication between the two was very nonsense, Song Ning found fault as soon as he came up, and Zhu Ming took the blame as soon as he opened his mouth.

Luo Xuecai talked about goodness in nature, and there is no good or evil in the new learning.

Wang Anshi's elaboration of human nature has gone through three stages: the theory of good nature, the theory of mixed good and evil, and the theory of no good and evil.

Because "nature has no good and evil" is often attacked as a Buddhist saying, Cai Jing did not promote Wang Anshi's book, and somewhat deliberately concealed the theory of Wang Anshi's life.

But it can't be hidden at all. Confucian scholars like to talk about life, and it started with Wang Anshi.

Ju Ming suddenly pointed to the sky, and then pointed to his chest: "Sex, Tai Chi also! Good and evil, Yin and Yang! At the beginning of Tai Chi, no matter Yin and Yang, at the beginning of human nature, no matter good or evil. Yin and Yang are divided, and heaven and earth are created. Good and evil are divided , humanity stands!"

As soon as this remark came out, there was an instant sensation.

Because the solution was so ingenious, even Song Ning was stunned, and Zhang Gen even applauded.

Zhu Ming also said: "Tai Chi must be before the judgment of yin and yang, and the true nature must be before the distinction between good and evil. Even a gentleman, can there be good and no evil in his heart? Maybe I am not a gentleman. What I do is as good as possible, but I often have evil thoughts in my heart. When I see property, I also want to take it for myself, but I just restrain myself. Gentlemen, have you ever had evil thoughts in your heart?"

Some people smiled, some bowed their heads, no one objected, and no one argued.

Zhu Ming said: "That's why King Shu (Wang Anshi) said that human beings are divided into temperament and temperament. Sex is neither good nor evil, but emotion is both good and evil. But I think that the nature of neither good nor evil exists only in human nature. In the beginning, just like Tai Chi only exists when Yin and Yang are not separated."

"When a person is alive, there must be good and evil, and good and evil are mixed. There is evil in the heart of a gentleman, and there is good in the heart of a villain. If the emotion of good dominates human nature, he is a gentleman; if the emotion of evil dominates human nature, he is a gentleman. For villains."

"So a gentleman is cautious about his independence, and always introspects himself. There is evil in his heart, but he can do good. This is why he is cautious and independent. Those who are cautious about independence are sincere and upright."

"There is no good and no disgusting body. There are good and malicious actions. Knowing good and evil is conscience, and doing good and eliminating evil is studying things. What is the explanation of these four sentences? To know."

"If you never have evil thoughts and do good deeds with your nature, you are a saint. If you have evil thoughts in your heart and do good deeds, you are a good person. Investigate things to know, be sincere and upright, do good and eliminate evil, infinitely close A person who does good deeds out of his nature can be called a gentleman.”

"One day you don't need to deliberately distinguish between good and evil, it can be called 'knowing the destiny'. The destiny is also called nature."

"One day you can do good deeds as you wish, which can be called 'knowledge'. The way of being willful is also called Tao."

"To live in the Tao is to cultivate the Tao!"

This passage is Zhu Ming's understanding of Wang Yangming, and he also quoted the academic thoughts of the late Ming Dynasty.

At the same time, it is also connecting Xinxue and Luoxue, combining the life theory of Xinxue and Luoxue into one, but in theory it is more biased towards Wang Anshi.

Ju Ming is still cooking miscellaneous porridge, but the cooking is unmistakable, which is more perfect than any current school.

Now that we talk about the theory of life, it is natural to talk about the golden mean.

Si Li joined the army and Huang Gui asked, "What does Mr. Zhu think of brilliance and moderation?"

Zhu Ming answered unabashedly: "There is nothing wrong with King Shu's reasoning, but the virtuous and the mean cannot be separated. It is just a little fragmented. The two are one, just like the inner sage and the outer king cannot be separated."

The inner sage and the outer king originally talked about the monarch governing the country.

Starting from Wang Anshi, it was expounded as the doctrine of the mean, and became the method for a gentleman to cultivate himself and live in the world.

That is to say, "the way of the mean is based on the extremely high level", the high level is the inner sage, which is used to establish oneself, and the mean is the outer king, which is used to treat others and deal with the world.

This point of view was attacked by Luo Xue, who believed that Wang Anshi split the doctrine of the mean.

Cheng Yi scolded Wang Anshi for a long time, but he probably figured it out in his later years, and burned the "Doctrine of the Mean" he annotated directly.

Lu Dalin annotated "The Doctrine of the Mean", falsely claiming that it was written by Cheng Yi.

Chen Yuan's teacher, Yang Shi, was originally a disciple of Wang Anshi, and later turned to study Ercheng.Yang Shi picked up Lu Dalin's works and crazily criticized Wang Anshi's moderation as falling into Buddhism.

What's more interesting is that Zhu Xi, as Yang Shi's disciple and grandson, said that Yang Shicai had fallen into Buddhism, and that although Wang Anshi was slightly divided, there was no major problem.

Zhu Xi's comprehensive Neo-Confucianism not only inherited Luo Xue, but also carried many shadows of new learning.Because his master, Yang Shi, had been a disciple of Xinxue himself, and he had a lot of newxue ideas in him.

In order to disassociate himself from Xinxue, Yang Shi would occasionally pick a bone in an egg, but Zhu Xi corrected it very peacefully.

Wu Mao, the branch envoy, suddenly said: "Sir, why don't you annotate "The Doctrine of the Mean" and write a copy of "The Doctrine of the Mean"?"

"My knowledge is not good, so I can only try to discuss it." Zhu Ming said with a smile.

Zhu Xi's "The Doctrine of the Mean" can be copied directly, and there is nothing wrong with it.

In fact, the original text of "The Doctrine of the Mean" makes it very clear that the mean of a gentleman is "holding the mean", and the mean of a villain is "no taboo".

That is to say, a gentleman talks about the mean, has his own insistence, and can always uphold the right principles impartially.

But villains talk about moderation, have no persistence in their hearts, and act without scruples.

Confucius once said that a gentleman is moderate, and a villain is against the mean.

The golden mean understood by people of later generations happens to be the golden mean of villains.Talking about people when seeing people, talking nonsense when seeing ghosts, abandoning the bottom line and being smooth in life, and boasting that he implements the golden mean.

From the morning to the afternoon, Zhu Ming talked on a hungry stomach, and everyone listened to it hungry.

The emperor banned learning and banned books, but Zhu Ming talked about other things. Anyway, what he talked about was "new learning".

"The Doctrine of the Mean" and "The Great Learning" were re-interpreted by the great Confucians of the Song Dynasty, and they had a profound impact on the Chinese nation. It can be said that they shaped the spiritual world of the Chinese people.

Even Chinese people who have not read much and don't know the doctrine of the mean or the way of great learning will draw close to these two books in their thinking, words and deeds.It has truly been used by the common people without knowing it.

Even the governance of the country coincides with its principles and is unconsciously influenced by these two books.

"Gentlemen, after finishing speaking today, we will meet again if we are destined." Zhu Ming cupped his hands towards the crowd, "I will leave Jinzhou after I get married. The wedding will be kept simple, and only a few tables of relatives and friends will be invited. Gentlemen, don't give expensive gifts. Poems can be given as gifts. If I get married, it would be an elegant thing to collect five hundred poems."

"You should compose a poem to congratulate you!" Everyone said.

Ju Ming also said: "I really can't write it, and I can make up the number of doggerel."

"Hahahaha!"

Everyone laughed and dispersed in a cheerful atmosphere.

Zhu Ming still lives in the house of the prefectural government office, since the new magistrate has not yet arrived anyway.

In three days, he copied Zhu Xi's "The Doctrine of the Mean", adding and deleting only a few details, and adding some thoughts of the Ming Dynasty.

This version is mainly based on Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism, which itself integrates Luo Xue and Xin Xue, and is a comprehensive version of the doctrine of the mean in the Song Dynasty.

At the same time, Zhu Ming wrote "Xingming Shuo", which mainly focused on Wang Anshi's knowledge, mixed with Zhu Xi's elaboration, and added some Yangming Mind Theory, completely bridged the sense of separation in Wang Anshi's learning.According to the normal development of this article, even if someone could write it, it should have appeared at least in the late Ming Dynasty. It is the integration and perfection of the previous 400 years of theory.

In particular, "Sexual Tai Chi, Emotional Yin and Yang", perfectly deconstructs the theory of sex.Spreading it will definitely cause controversy. It violates the theory of good nature, but it also conforms to Confucianism.There must be many people who agree with it, and there are not too few people who oppose it. Usually discussing academics, the two groups of people are probably able to use their brains.

Wang Yangming's four sentences "There is no kindness and no disgusting body, there are good and malicious actions" were also officially thrown out by Ju Ming.But it was tampered with by Ju Ming, "heart" was changed to "sex", and "mind" was changed to "feeling". In fact, it is the same reason, but the explanation is different, but it is more suitable for the interpretation of "The Doctrine of the Mean".

"Father is writing?" Zhang Jinping entered the study with soup.

Zhang Gen replied: "I was reading Zhu Chenggong's article, and I wrote down some insights."

Zhang Gen didn't know how long he was going to stay in Jinzhou. Anyway, he was idle, so he might as well take the opportunity to do academic research.

He is not a school of thought, and his knowledge is directly inherited from Daoism in the early Song Dynasty.He has also learned the new school, and he has also been exposed to the Luo school. Zhang Gen has no sense of disobedience in accepting Ju Ming's theory that integrates various schools.

Zhang Gen even felt that "University" and "The Doctrine of the Mean" should be interpreted in this way. What's the point of those factions arguing?It is the right way to integrate various companies and learn from each other's strengths to make up for their weaknesses.

Zhang Gen decided to pick up this method and develop it in Jinzhou. He didn't think it was a good idea.If you have to come up with a name, you can call it Jinxue, or the Golden State School.

Many officials and scholars in Jinzhou are the basis of this set of gold studies.

It certainly cannot be carried forward quickly now, but as long as the emperor and the traitorous party are gone, they can spread quickly and become the new generation of Song Dynasty.

Standing by and watching, Zhang Jinping couldn't help picking up the newly released "The Doctrine of the Mean" and flipping through it.

She can understand it and think it makes sense, but that's all, it's no different from ordinary scholars.

Zhang Jinping prefers miscellaneous studies. She has learned the wet method of copper smelting at home.She also dabbles in all the miscellaneous books of her grandfather's house, and she also likes to play with jigsaw puzzles invented by her cousin.

Compared with "The Doctrine of the Mean", Zhang Jinping prefers to read "Zhu's Suanjing" and the weird content in "Tao Yong Ce".

(End of this chapter)