The Millennium Semiconductor Survival Guide.

Chapter 263 Cell Phone License
Originally, mobile phone production required a mobile phone license, but a threshold was set for companies that want to enter the mobile phone manufacturing field, with a registered capital of more than 2 million yuan, R&D capabilities, environmental protection licenses, and continuous operation for more than two years.

This is just a threshold. Passing the threshold does not mean that the Ministry of Information Industry will issue a mobile phone license to you. The mobile phone production license system that began in 1996 has extremely strict management on licensed companies. Not only private companies cannot get it, but some joint ventures also get it. less than.

Originally, this system would end in 2004, but now because of the mobile phone integrated chip launched by Xinxin Technology, the mobile phone license is suspended in advance.

This can be traced back to 2002, when a group of companies originally wanted to enter the mobile phone industry, because this is a fast-growing industry with huge profits, and everyone is greedy for this cake.

Blocked by the threshold of mobile phone licenses, more than 20 domestic and foreign companies such as Digital China, Skyworth, BenQ, Yangcheng Jinpeng, and BOE once coveted the mobile phone industry but were disappointed.

Everyone is greedy for cakes, but it is not so easy to eat cakes. There is still a threshold for making mobile phones. Xinxin Technology’s integrated chips directly help everyone to eliminate the threshold. Even if there are license restrictions, it cannot stop companies from trying to divide The cake was resolved.

Among them, there was a very big incident, that is, without a mobile phone production license, Oaks sent the mobile phone to the Ministry of Information Industry to apply for a network access permit and network inspection. Oaks Group obviously did not have a license, and was ruthlessly rejected.

Oaks also knew that he would be rejected if he did not have a license, and they sent it to trial to find a reason, that is, to sue. Oaks publicly sued the Ministry of Information Industry that the mobile phone license system violated the Administrative Licensing Law.

This decision quickly caused an uproar in the industry. To put it bluntly, everyone is unhappy with the mobile phone license system, and publicly jumping out to confront the ministries and commissions is another matter.But there are always people who want to eat the cake and are not afraid of death, and a large number of companies have come out to publicly express that this system is unreasonable.

"At present, the state has issued a total of 48 mobile phone licenses, but there are more than 100 manufacturers. I don't know if these more than 100 count as redundant construction and waste of investment. If so, it only shows that the control of mobile phone licenses cannot avoid redundant construction and waste. ; This is essentially a monopoly protection behavior.

Due to the shortage of license resources, most mobile phone manufacturers can only obtain indirect licenses for production and sales by renting licenses, while some enterprises with licenses can obtain huge profits through renting licenses every year. This is undoubtedly a serious unfair market Competitive behavior can only hurt consumers in the end.

Since the implementation of the "Administrative Licensing Law", the document clearly stipulates that "mobile communication products" do not belong to the administrative approval and non-administrative approval items that really need to be retained.In fact, this has ruled out the Ministry of Information Industry's right to approve the control of mobile phone licenses. "

Oaks is not afraid of death, and Dopod is also not afraid of death: "Because we don't have a license, we can only borrow CLP's GSM license every year to produce mobile phones, and then the products must be branded with the dual brands of CLP and Dopod.

We have to pay a lot of license rental fees every year, and this cost will be passed on to consumers indirectly. The strictness of license control in our country is no longer in line with the rapid development of the mobile phone market.

Smartphones are already being developed in foreign countries, but we are still struggling with licenses. In China, even Zhou Xin has to find a licensed company to be affiliated with before launching Mphone.

Because Matrix was established for less than two years when Mphone1 was launched. "

The Ministry of Information Industry issued a total of 48 licenses, including 29 GSM mobile phone licenses and 19 CDMA mobile phone licenses. GSM is a mobile communication standard developed in Europe, and CDMA is the world's mainstream mobile communication standard. Qualcomm introduced cellular communication technology into the CDMA standard. After the framework comes, CDMA is far superior to GSM.

Among the 19 CDMA mobile phone production licenses, except for Motorola, a foreign-funded enterprise, the rest were all awarded to domestic enterprises.

Companies such as Nokia, Ericsson, Samsung, Siemens, and LG have only obtained GSM licenses, and Motorola has invested a lot of real money in China.

Of course, these mobile phone giants without CDMA licenses will not sit still. Nokia borrowed CDMA licenses from Capitel, and Samsung and Kejian jointly established Samsung Kejian to obtain CDMA licenses.

After Oakes fired the first shot, everyone had great opinions. After a quarter of quarreling, the Ministry of Information Industry began to loosen the ties appropriately, and changed the mobile phone license into an approval system. You can send your mobile phone for approval without a license. Time will slow down.

Then it was officially released after entering 2003. If it hadn't been released, Huang Zhang would have been able to launch Meizu, but the price would definitely be less than 1000 yuan.

Because the general price in the market is that if you borrow someone else's license, you will be charged 100 yuan for each mobile phone. For a small mobile phone like Meizu, it is estimated that it is more than 100 yuan.

Manager Zhao said: "Mr. Huang, after your explanation just now, it has already begun to have certain feasibility in terms of the path. After breaking down the smart phone, the goal is more specific.

But I still find it hard to believe that Meizu can do it, because I found a mobile phone you launched to experience before coming here, and your design is more about the appearance and shell material.

In terms of mobile phone systems, you have not done much innovation. After I have experienced it, I speculate that your software development capabilities should be limited. Therefore, even if the threshold is lowered, it is still difficult for Meizu to do so. "

Manager Zhao is very optimistic about the smart phone field. After the launch of the Mphone2, this concept has become a hot topic in foreign countries, and domestic mobile phone manufacturers have also begun to say that they will make smart phones.

On the contrary, Manager Zhao thinks that Huang Zhang is the best one to sum up the aspects of smart phones.

It's just that Huang Zhang really lacks the temperament of fooling around. If it were Jack Malai, he would be able to fool Manager Zhao into a daze, and then he would bow down.But Huang Zhang could only dryly say what to do and how to do it.

At present, there is no domestic domestic company that has done a good job in making smart phones, and most of them have carried out certain transformations on the basis of traditional mobile phones.

If there are enough excellent domestic smartphones on the market, they will definitely attract a lot of attention and attract attention.It is best to have technical content, so that it is not a problem to go public.

The domestic financing market itself has special preferential treatment for technology-based enterprises.

Datang Telecom was established in 98 and went public in the year of its establishment. Konka, Kejian, and Bird were all successfully listed on Big A without exception.

It is far less difficult for these technology-based companies that have nothing to do with technology to be listed on the Big A than companies in other industries.For investment, there is nothing faster than going public to make money.

To put it bluntly, for the vast majority of entrepreneurs, going public is the way to make the most money.

Manager Zhao believes that companies that can take the lead in the smartphone market will have a higher probability of going public, so he plans to visit a large number of companies like Meizu.

After hearing this, Huang Zhang said: "It was difficult for us before because Meizu only had 10 yuan in its books when it was first established.

We don't have the funds to hire too many software developers, and traditional mobile phones do not have high requirements for software. What we thought at the time was to make the interface look good, and the mobile phone interface and shell should be consistent.

With the official launch of our products, we have gradually started to get on the right track. If we really get financing in the future and start making smartphones, we will definitely expand the scale of engineers. "

Huang Zhang knew that Meizu was too small compared to Xinxing Investment, and he believed that he could only impress them by relying on sincerity and understanding of the consumer electronics industry.

Even if you can't impress Xinxing, after getting acquainted with the other party, the other party, as a member of the investment circle, must know other venture capital institutions.

"Manager Zhao, in my opinion, any consumer electronics product has a general idea of ​​what needs to satisfy consumers and what differentiates it from competing products in the market.

From the beginning of design, cost estimation, market estimation, proofing, adjustment, etc., this series of processes can be regarded as a large-scale project, and the entrepreneur himself is the project manager of this project in the early stage.

He needs to control every aspect. I think my advantage is that I understand what consumers want. Whether it is a music player before or a Meizu mobile phone now, I know what consumers want and how to cater to them. Meizu's audience.

I am the biggest advantage of Meizu. "

This coincides with Manager Zhao's idea that investing is investing in people. At this time, the concept of investing is investing in people has not yet been defined.

Manager Zhao said: "In this way, let's invest 300 million first. You polish the samples first, and then we will talk about the rest. 300 million, accounting for 15.00% of the shares."

300 million is just a small amount of money in the emerging investment, and Manager Zhao can make the decision by himself.

Huang Zhang said: "There is no problem, but I want to adopt the model of different rights for the same share, and I can make concessions on the shares.

For example, 300 million, 20.00% of the shares, but the voting rights of the shares you get are one-tenth of the voting rights of the shares in my hand. "

Huang Zhang is a person who has a strong desire to control the company. Even if the investment is in sight, he will have his own persistence.

Zhou Xin is very famous in China, and his deeds have been repeatedly reported by the media. For example, NewPay adopts the model of the same share with different rights for financing, and Xinxin Technology also adopts the same share with different rights for cooperation with state-owned capital in China. model.

After these were widely reported by the media, more and more Internet companies in Zhongguancun hoped to adopt the model of the same share with different rights when negotiating with foreign investors, but some succeeded, and some did not.

After Huang Zhang finished speaking, he was actually a little nervous in his heart. He was also afraid that he would be rejected after making such a request.

Manager Zhao said after listening: "Xinxing Investment has a history of so many years in China, you probably haven't heard that Xinxing Investment has been involved in the specific operation of any of our invested companies.

But I can promise you that I don't need more shares, 15.00% is enough, but joint liability for debts needs to be written into the contract. "

To put it bluntly, the joint and several liability of the debt means that after the company goes bankrupt, the debt can continue to be traced to you personally. If the joint and several liability is clearly constrained in the contract, the debt will be borne by the subject of the specific business behavior, which means that Huang Zhang will bear most of it. responsibility.

Huang Zhang had been an executive before, so he naturally knew what it meant, he gritted his teeth and said, "Okay, no problem."

Manager Zhao continued: "I have another suggestion for you, that is to move the company to Shenhai, and emerging investment is unlikely to help you cover all the investment you need.

You will definitely need investment from different investment institutions in the process of making smart phones. At present, there are only two places where Huaguo venture capital institutions are most active, Shenhai and Yanjing.

But Yanjing is a bit weak in the electronics industry, and it is difficult for you to find enough suppliers. The Yangtze River Delta region where Shenhai is located is different, and the electronics industry is not weaker than the Pearl River Delta region. "

Just when Manager Zhao and Huang Zhang were recommending Shen Hai, Hu Zhengming was chatting in Shen Hai with a venture investor who also had the same surname as Zhao.

"Mr. Zhao, Xiaomi is actually not short of money. Although the prices of Xiaomi's electronic products are very low, we still realize the normal operation of the company by relying on small profits and high sales." Hu Zhengming said.

The venture capitalist has an unusual identity. He is the former general manager of Shenhai Science and Technology Investment Company and now the director of Shenhai Science and Technology Commission Zhao Weimin.

During his tenure as the director of the Science and Technology Commission, Shen Hai received 13.5 billion scientific and technological innovation funds from Huaguo. Among the 12 major scientific and technological projects released by Huaguo, Shen Hai led or participated in 11 of them.

Zhao Weimin's performance in Science and Technology Investment is also quite good. During the three years of his tenure, the investment returns of Science and Technology Investment projects reached 19%, 18% and 31% respectively.

Although Zhao Weimin is no longer in Ketou, he still hopes to help Ketou run Xiaomi:
"I understand that we invest in Xiaomi because we want to help the technology-based enterprises in Shenhai within our ability from the perspective of Shenhai City.

Xiaomi has done a good job in personal computers and traditional mobile phones, and has developed very well by relying on cost-effective and localized supply chains as much as possible.

But we can also see that the market is transforming. In the future, more and more companies will start to transform towards smartphones. Shen Hai hopes that Xiaomi will also develop in this direction.

We are also thinking that if we want to enter the smartphone field, Xiaomi may be short of money, so we want to invest in Xiaomi.

Including if Xiaomi wants to be listed on the main board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange in the future, it will be smoother with the participation of Science and Technology Investment. "

Zhao Weimin, as the director of the Science and Technology Commission, has seen the development prospects of smart phones, and he also knows how much upstream and downstream supply chain development Mphone has driven, so he hopes that Shen Hai will also have its own smart phone brand.

Before Xiaomi, Shenhai only had Dopod as a mobile phone brand, but now there is another Xiaomi.Xiaomi is undoubtedly much stronger than Dopod.

Not to mention that the Jiangcheng branch of Huaguo Electronics Group was behind the Dopod, and there was no fight with Shen Hai at all, and Shen Hai could not benefit from it.

The cooperation between Shen Hai and Zhou Xin is very pleasant most of the time, except that the Hanxin incident was hit in the head, so from Shen Hai's point of view, it is better to continue to deeply bind with Zhou Xin's enterprises.

　I was out all day today and only came back at night. This is to make up for this morning, and there will be tomorrow morning, but tomorrow morning may have to wait until the crow sleeps until it wakes up naturally.
　　
　
(End of this chapter)