Hongwu Survival Guide

Dai Sanchun prepared a set of petri dishes using the detection method given by Zhu Yuan, sent them to the constant temperature room next to the laboratory, turned back, and personally cleaned the set of petri dishes that had just been discarded with boiling hot alkaline water. , looked at Zhu Yuan who was still reading with his head down, and temporarily turned to instruct a doctor to filter the freshly picked 'melon green'.

After a while, seeing that Zhu Yuan had almost turned over his notes, he walked over.

After reading the last page of the notes, Zhu Yuan raised his head and nodded to Dai Sanchun who came over, and sighed with a smile: "It's a bit difficult."

For Zhu Yuan, the extraction of penicillin is a knowledge blind spot far beyond the steam engine, and some methods that can be roughly thought of are not achievable under the current conditions.

It was impossible to wear the protective clothing all over his body comfortably. Dai Sanchun also pulled a chair and sat down beside Zhu Yuan, taking a rest, and said, "My lord said when I was in Mingzhou, if you find a problem, you should solve it."

In the past year since returning to this era, Zhu Yuan has said too many words, and he doesn't remember when he mentioned them.

But...

Listen to the style of this sentence, if it is not Lu Xun who said it, then it should be said by himself.

Closing the note, Zhu Yuan motioned around: "Let's take a look here first, we'll talk later when we go out, it's too uncomfortable to wear."

Dai Sanchun nodded.

Getting up again, I also found a pen and paper and a writing board made by Zhu Yuan, intending to record it casually.

Zhu Yuan saw one nearby and pointed to an oil lamp on the operating table at hand: "It is best to use an alcohol lamp for heating. Oil lamps may be cheap, but they are too easy to burn black utensils and have miscellaneous smoke. Don't be afraid that alcohol is expensive, it is necessary consume."

While remembering, Dai Sanchun motioned to the other: "My lord, do you need to change the charcoal stove that boils a large amount of solution? It seems too slow to use only alcohol?"

Zhu Yuan looked at another glass crucible with a diameter of one foot, and underneath it was a stoneware charcoal stove.

It’s such a big one, I feel that using alcohol is too much. Future generations should use electric stoves to heat this level, but there is no such thing at the moment. Think about it and say: “Pick the best smokeless carbon, and besides, you can add a stove to this stove. A small hand-operated blower allows the charcoal to burn fully and the fire can be bigger."

Dai Sanchun wrote it down again.

After finishing speaking here, Zhu Yuan walked towards a doctor who was doing the filtering operation, and remembered: "It's still an alcohol lamp, I remember I said, when you turn off the flame, you should cover it with a lid, and you can't blow it, otherwise it may explode, you remember? "

"Remember, still... oh, don't mention it."

Dai Sanchun's wry smile came from the side, obviously he had learned a lesson.

Accidents teach people best.

Zhu Yuan didn't ask too much, and looked at the dripping speed under the filter device in front of him, which was so slow that it was dripping slowly, and said, "We can make a pressurized device to increase the filtration speed appropriately."

Dai Sanchun was puzzled: "Pressed up?"

From the side, Zhu Yuan picked up a copper syringe that was one foot thicker than his arm that he had noticed just now, but it didn’t have a needle, so he changed the subject to this: “Change the material to sterling silver, or try to make it out of glass, copper is more stable than iron. Some, but still prone to rust and possibly contaminate solvents."

Dai Sanchun recorded again.

While fiddling with the syringe in his hand, Zhu Yuan continued: "Similar to the principle of a syringe, pressurization pushes out the liquid. Similarly, the filter here, pressurized gas can also speed up the filtration speed. However, be careful not to affect the filtration efficiency for the sake of efficiency. quality."

Dai Sanchun recorded that Zhu Yuan put down the syringe in his hand, picked up a porcelain jar with the label 'activated carbon' on the operating table, opened it, looked at it, and asked: "Is it the activated carbon that I said can produce bubbles when it enters the water? "

Dai Sanchun nodded: "This is dry roasted pomelo peel."

As he spoke, the doctor who took care of the filter took a glass of clear water, dug out a spoonful of activated carbon particles and poured it into the water, which immediately filled the glass with air bubbles.

"That's right," Zhu Yuan said, after thinking for a while, he added: "You should pay attention, filtration and adsorption... are not necessarily equal. Filtering with activated carbon... may just absorb what is needed, leaving only clean water."

"Xiaguan already has experience," Dai Sanchun said, "so I'm still trying to see if there is a way to let this activated carbon absorb penicillin first, accumulate enough, and then extract it out."

"It's a method, is there any progress?"

Dai Sanchun, who was wrapped in protective clothing, shook his head: "Still groping."

Zhu Yuan instinctively felt that this might be a breakthrough, a breakthrough to increase the concentration of penicillin. After a little consideration, he didn't have any more inspiration for a while, so he could only let Dai Sanchun do his best, and continued to walk to other consoles, watching and talking.

After more than a quarter of an hour, the two left the laboratory after roughly turning around.

Changing out of protective clothing, he came to Dai Sanchun's office in the yard, breathing the fresh air around him. Zhu Yuan felt relaxed and wanted to stop here for today's work and go back to watch his dancers dance soft dances.

How good.

Why do I have to work so hard?

However, before the matter was finished, after sitting down and looking at Dai Sanchun behind the book desk, Zhu Yuan continued: "Just now the laboratory didn't even have heating, and it was stuffy and cold in protective clothing, so don't worry about it." of?"

"It's not that the lower officials were saving money, that house was built with earth dragons," Dai Sanchun said, "It's because the lower officials didn't allow the burning, because the temperature is lower, and the penicillin can last longer. Recently, the lower officials are still thinking about whether to go In the north, where a drop of water turns into ice, try something."

"This..." Zhu Yuan didn't know how to evaluate for a moment, he paused, and just said: "Thanks for your hard work, I will personally approve more bonuses for you at the end of the year."

Although he stepped down as the right envoy of the Taiyuan Hospital, Lao Zhu did not let others take over. In fact, he tacitly agreed that Zhu Yuan was still in charge of this stall.

Zhu Yuan has always been in favor of the phrase "those who hold salaries for everyone should not be allowed to freeze to death in the wind and snow". Total hooliganism.

bad habits!

The dross that really needs to be discarded!

Thinking of this, Zhu Yuan said: "I just had another idea about the laboratory. To put it simply, it is two words, classification. I think that some elementary research does not need to wear protective clothing as just now. It is too cumbersome, and it will be troublesome to train students extensively. Therefore, the primary laboratory only needs to be kept clean. As for more in-depth research, strict protection is required. Even, if you want to study infectious diseases in the future, The current protection conditions are far from enough. Oh, and there is still room for the laboratory. I think it can be smaller. For example, the one just now is too big. It may be better to divide it into multiple rooms, which can increase the fault tolerance rate. If a laboratory makes a mistake , or an accident, will not affect the other."

Zhu Yuan was talking on one side, while Dai Sanchun on the other side was taking good notes quickly, and at the same time was considering how to implement it.

After chatting for a few more words about the improvement of the laboratory, the topic returned to the extraction of penicillin. Dai Sanchun asked, "My lord, have you read the notes of the lower officials, do you have any ideas?"

"I saw a 'knot'," Zhu Yuan nodded, and said, "Thinking...do you know that the boiling point of water changes?"

Dai Sanchun looked puzzled.

Zhu Yuan explained: "In our traditional cognition... oh, it's wrong, you don't have this cognition. It's like this. The idea I gave you before is that the boiling point of water, that is, the gasification condition, is 100 degrees, but In fact, this is not static. For example, if you can reach the plateau area in the southwest, the boiling point of the water there will be lowered, so the food cannot be cooked, and you can only cook it more by barbecue. The reason is that' Air pressure', the concept of air pressure, I told you in Mingzhou."

Dai Sanchun nodded. Even if he didn't have time to listen to the relevant courses, he would find the materials and study them carefully.

Zhu Yuan continued: "The air pressure in our plain area is about 1 times the standard air pressure. The boiling point of water under this condition is 100 degrees. In high altitude areas, or in the sky, the higher the altitude, the thinner the air and the lower the air pressure. , the boiling point of water will also be lowered. What I can think of is that by reducing the air pressure, the boiling point of water will be greatly reduced to a temperature that will not make penicillin invalid in a short time and can quickly evaporate the water. Extract solid penicillin."

The pursuit of extracting solid-state penicillin was also discussed before.

According to previous experience, Zhu Yuan felt that penicillin in this state should be able to be stored for a long time.

This is the basis for a wide application of medicines.

Dai Sanchun recalled all kinds of knowledge he got from Zhu Yuan, combined with the description just now, thought for a moment, shook his head and said: "I'm afraid it's... not easy."

"So, our problem is to train a large number of physics and chemistry talents first, lay the foundation, and then conduct in-depth research. There are so many majors involved in Jinling University, but none of them is useless, and all of them have a purpose. "

Dai Sanchun nodded seriously.

Not discouraged.

According to Zhu Yuan's description of antibiotics, Dai Sanchun felt that if he could make this thing in his life and greatly increase the average life expectancy of human beings from 30 to 70 years old, it would be enough to be worthy of Shennong's work of tasting hundreds of herbs.

Now, everything is just the beginning, there is no rush.

Just as he was talking, there was a greeting outside the door. It was Sun Shouzhen, the left envoy of the Imperial Hospital, and the two quickly got up to greet him.

After exchanging greetings, everyone sat down and brought up the topic they had just talked about. Zhu Yuan also took the initiative to ask about other projects of Taiyuan Hospital.

In addition to the research on antibiotics, the Tai Hospital is currently engaged in the collection and compilation of various medical classics, as well as the teaching tasks of Houhu Medical College, and other various large and small.

There are too many things to do, so even if it has been expanding, the hospital is still busy from top to bottom every day.

After talking about some serious business, the topic unknowingly drifted off, and Sun Shouzhen brought up another one.

About accepting apprentices.

Lao Sun hoped to take Bai's younger brother Sang Di as his apprentice, but unfortunately, he hinted several times, but the Sang family didn't express it.

Sang Di got No.1 in an exam at the Imperial Hospital, so he was rewarded by Lao Zhu. He is also full of spirituality in his daily studies. Coupled with his relationship with Zhu Yuan, it is no wonder that Sun Shouzhen is so moved.

When I brought it up now, I obviously hoped that Zhu Yuan could speak.

As long as Zhu Yuan agrees, the Sang family attached to Zhu Yuan has no reason to object.

Zhu Yuan also understood that by doing this, Sun Shouzhen might have more ideas of attaching himself to him besides gaining an outstanding apprentice.

However, Zhu Yuan didn't nod immediately, just smiled and said to go back and ask.

Sun Shouzhen was not too eager, and the topic naturally turned to another one.

The study of anatomy.

This matter was proposed very early, but it has not been implemented.

Sun Shouzhen also mentioned that when Lao Zhu met him a few days ago, he asked him once, but no one knew what to do, so they couldn't do it.

Zhu Yuan didn't know how to start.

The three of them discussed it, and Zhu Yuan finally gave a preliminary idea based on the past.

Still a pretty standard businessman idea.

To put it simply, before developing a product, you must first determine the market, determine the consumer group, and so on.

Now for the study of anatomy.

Similar to logic, to do this, it is necessary to determine the goal.

You can't mess around like a chicken without a head.

As a result of the discussion, the initial goal, one is to determine the basic structure of the human body, which is inevitable, and the other... can be a parasite!
In this day and age, not to mention ordinary people, even the nobles and even the royal family, there are not many parasites in their bodies.

It just so happens that by studying anatomy, starting from parasites, having a broad understanding of the characteristics of parasites, and gaining enough knowledge accumulation, we can develop targeted treatment methods and carry out nationwide promotion of prevention and treatment.

If this matter is done well, even without antibiotics, people's physical fitness can be greatly improved in this era.