Rise of Australia

Chapter 337 Comparison of the strengths of various countries
The current ranking of the total financial revenue of the world powers is as follows:
The total financial revenue of the British Empire is 2 million pounds, the total financial expenditure is 1.98 million pounds, and the fiscal surplus is 200 million pounds.

The total income of the colonies of the British Empire was 1.85 million pounds, the total fiscal expenditure was 1.73 million pounds, and the financial surplus was 1200 million pounds.

The total fiscal revenue of the United States was 1.51 million pounds, the total fiscal expenditure was 1.53 million pounds, and the fiscal loss was 200 million pounds.

Germany's total fiscal revenue is 1.5 million pounds, its total fiscal expenditure is 2.2 million pounds, and its fiscal loss is about 7000 million pounds.

The total fiscal income of France is 1.45 million pounds, the total fiscal expenditure is 2 million pounds, and the fiscal loss is about 5500 million pounds.

The total financial revenue of the French colonies was 5500 million pounds, the total financial expenditure was 5100 million pounds, and the financial surplus was 400 million pounds.

Russia's total fiscal revenue was 1.3 million pounds, its total fiscal expenditure was 1.85 million pounds, and its fiscal loss was 5500 million pounds.

The total financial revenue of the Austro-Hungarian Empire was 7500 million pounds, the total financial expenditure was 1.1 million pounds, and the financial loss was 3500 million pounds.

The total fiscal revenue of the island country is 5300 million pounds, the total fiscal expenditure is 6000 million pounds, and the fiscal loss is about 700 million pounds.

Italy's total fiscal revenue was 4000 million pounds, its total fiscal expenditure was 5500 million pounds, and its loss was about 1500 million pounds.

The total financial income of the Ottoman Empire was 2600 million pounds, the total financial expenditure was 4000 million pounds, and the loss was 1400 million pounds.

Because of the continuous naval arms race and army expansion, the major European powers generally faced financial losses.

But there is no way to do this. After all, as long as you stop expanding your army, the gap in armaments with other countries will widen.

For the major European powers, financial losses are certainly inappropriate, but it is unacceptable that the gap between them and their enemies is getting wider and wider.

If you win the war, you can get everything, so you are not afraid of small financial losses.Once the war is lost, even if a large amount of wealth is accumulated, it will be plundered and occupied by others.

It is a good thing that Australasia's current financial situation has remained in surplus. This means that even if Australasia's fiscal expenditures grow rapidly in the future, the financial losses it faces will not be too serious.

Industrial development is also very rapid.Although the growth of steel production has slowed down, the total steel production in Australasia also reached 1912 tons and 170.10 tons in 271.92.

At present, Australasia's steel production can also rank seventh in the world under the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, Russia, France and the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

The scale of the total steel production is almost at this level. In terms of steel production, it has already surpassed the island countries and Italy, the last two powers.

Although the total steel output cannot fully represent the industrial level, it is also one of the important criteria for judging the industrial level.

At present, compared with Italy and island countries, Australasia has not only obvious disadvantages in population, but also considerable advantages in economy and industry.

Even in terms of army and navy technology, Arthur is confident that he is one level ahead of Italy and the island countries.

In terms of coal production, which is closely related to industry, Australia has also surpassed the island countries and Italy in an all-round way.

According to the information disclosed by countries around the world, the country with the largest total coal production in the world should be the United States, with an annual coal production of 5.3 million tons.

The following are arranged in order:

No.2, Russia 3.6 million tons.

No.3, 2.772 million tons in Germany.

No.4, 2.105 million tons in the UK.

No.5, Austria-Hungary 5420 million tons.

No.6, France 4080 million tons.

No.7, Australasia, 3770 million tons.

No.8, the island country has 780 million tons.

No.9, 70 tons in Italy.

What is different from history is that the coal production of Britain should have surpassed that of Germany in history, but because of the separation of Australasia, the British Empire lost an important mineral resource producing area, so its coal production was lower than that of Germany.

Australasia's mineral resource reserves are not inferior to any other country, but the real reason for limiting Australasia's coal production is that Australasia's domestic market is not large.

First of all, the climate in Australasia is not so extreme. The hottest temperature in summer is generally more than 20 degrees, and the coldest temperature in winter is generally around zero degrees.

This has led to a low demand for coal for heating in Australasia, where the real use of coal is for industry and power generation.

But much of Australasia's industrial equipment runs on electricity, again reducing the need for coal.

Coupled with the fact that the government does not need to sell mineral resources in exchange for funds, coal production in Australasia has been stable at a sufficient level.

If calculated according to the total reserves of various types of coal in Australasia, according to the current mining speed, it is enough to mine in Australasia for thousands of years.

However, with the development of domestic population and various construction economies, the demand for coal is bound to increase.

However, based on the coal reserves of Australasia, basically it will not be used up in hundreds of thousands of years.

In addition to the most basic coal production and steel production, because of the construction of the first and second phases of the Leonora Industrial Base, coupled with the great encouragement for various industries, Arthur believes that at present, the industry in Australasia has already caught up Ping even surpassed Italy, at least at the industrial and economic level, Australasia already has the strength of the great powers.

From the current proportion of the world's industrial production in the world, we can see the current influence of the great powers on the world.

The ranking of the world's industrial proportions of countries in the world is as follows:
The United States accounted for 31.8%
Germany accounted for 14.8%
The UK accounted for 13.6%
Russia accounted for 8%
France accounted for 6%
Austria-Hungary accounted for 4.4%
Australasia accounted for 3.7%
Italy accounted for 2.2%
Island countries accounted for 1%
The industrial production of the above nine countries accounts for 85.5% of the world's industrial production, and the remaining 14.5% is divided among dozens of countries and regions.

In fact, comparing all the ranking lists, it can be clearly found that, except for the German Empire, there is a clear gap between the other countries of the Allied Powers and the three major countries of the Allied Powers.

Although Germany has already caught up with Britain in terms of industry and economy, the more difficult problem is that the combined industrial economy of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Italy is not the opponent of France.

In terms of population size, industrial scale, and economic background, the power gap between the Allied Powers and the Entente Powers is not small.

If it weren't for the fact that Germany's army was too powerful, I am afraid that the First World War in history would soon end.

With the expansion of the army and navy of the major European powers, the total number of armies and navies of European countries has increased a lot compared to a few years ago.

The current ranking of the total number of armies of major countries in the world:
Russia 146.8 million

France 96.7 thousand

Germany 94.4

Austria-Hungary 72.6

UK 64

Italy 60

Ottoman Empire 45

Island country 37

Australasia 22.2

Romania 20

US 16.4 million

Relying on its sufficient population, Russia has naturally achieved the status of the largest army among the great powers.

However, the training of Russian soldiers is generally insufficient, and the equipment of many soldiers is also very backward, and the overall combat effectiveness is not strong.

At present, the United States, which has the lowest number of soldiers among the great powers, has actually never paid much attention to the army.

Relying on its own superior geographical environment, as long as the US Navy has a sufficient scale, it can guarantee the security of the US homeland.

This is especially true after the Canadian territories in the north of the United States and Mexico in the south have weakened.

At present, the United States is the strongest country in North America, so there is really no need to expand the size of the army.

Of course, there is another important point, that is, the military technology of the United States is not developed, and the combat effectiveness of the army and navy is actually not high.

Even if the United States has an army of hundreds of thousands, it may not necessarily be an opponent of the more than [-] European troops.

In fact, it can be seen from these rankings that the comprehensive strength of Australasia has reached the requirements of the great powers, which is the real reason why the European media and some countries claim that Australasia is the eighth power.

In addition to being more optimistic about Caucasians compared with island countries, Australasia's own good strength is also an important factor.

Of course, when it comes to the strength of the army, the combat effectiveness recognized by the army is also an important factor to measure.

Among all the countries in the world, the one recognized as having the strongest combat effectiveness is of course the German Empire, the world's number one army power, which is well-deserved.

There is no doubt about the powerful combat effectiveness of the Army of the German Empire, and there is no need for any explanation or explanation at all.

Under the German Imperial Army, the French Army should be ranked second in the world.

The second level of the French army in the world is also recognized. Although it was defeated by the Germans decades ago, it was after all the former European hegemon and the number one army.

An emaciated camel is bigger than a horse, not to mention that the camel in France is not emaciated, but simply malnourished.

In addition to Germany and France, the country with the third largest army combat effectiveness is somewhat difficult to confirm.

The European media have their own opinions on this. Some support Russia, which has a huge army, some support the former Central European overlord, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and some are optimistic about Australasia. In short, there are different opinions.

But if you don't look at the Russian army's superiority in numbers and only calculate its combat effectiveness, Russia will definitely miss the third place.

The army of the Austro-Hungarian Empire also has a shortcoming, that is, the army composed of Germans is very powerful, and the army composed of other nationalities is not strong in combat effectiveness.

Their military equipment and training are not bad, but the intricate distribution of ethnic groups makes it very troublesome to pass military orders between armies.

The terrible thing is that often the soldiers of a company come from many nationalities, and they cannot communicate with each other, let alone cooperate well in combat.

Therefore, when Arthur made the list in his mind, he deservedly listed Australasia as the third army power in the world (only in terms of combat effectiveness).

If you count the various military technologies that Australasia currently possesses, even the Australasian Army and the German Army can touch it, so Arthur's platoon is not wrong.

If it weren't for the fact that the French army performed very well in World War I in history, Arthur would even rank the combat effectiveness of the Australasian army second in the world.

Under Australasia, if we only talk about the combat effectiveness of the army, it should be the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

The fifth in combat power should be an island country.Russia was ranked sixth by Arthur.

The reason is actually very simple. In the Russo-Japanese War a few years ago, the performance of the Russian army in the Far East was really worrying, and it even made people doubt the real combat capability of the Russian army.

Although in recent years, the Russians have purchased a large amount of weapons and equipment from Australasia.But if the training level and material supply of the soldiers are not addressed, Arthur is still not optimistic that their individual combat capabilities can surpass those of the island nation.

However, the Russians have a standing army of more than 100 million after all, and it is no problem that the comprehensive army strength exceeds that of the island countries.

There is no need to rank the combat capabilities of the remaining national armies. The combat capabilities of the British, American and Italian armies are all half-baked.

Except for the combat effectiveness of a few elite troops, the combat capability of the regular army is simply a mess.

Of course, Arthur's army combat power ranking list is only based on the current situation disclosed by each country, as well as the previous wars and historical performance of each country.

There may be some differences in the specific situation, but it should not be much different.

In fact, the armies of the European powers in this era, except for France and Germany, which are regarded as the real elite, the combat effectiveness of the armies of other countries is hard to describe, and they all have more or less shortcomings.

However, for European countries, having a large population is also an advantage.

If the overall strength of the army is calculated based on the size of the army and the combat effectiveness of the army, then the ranking of the army's combat effectiveness will undergo considerable changes.

The comprehensive strength of the army, if calculated according to the number of active troops and reserve troops, the expected combat effectiveness of the army, the equipment level and training level of the active army, then the arrangement is as follows:

Germany is still well-deserved No. 90 in the world, with a standing army of more than [-] plus millions of reserve troops, making Germany the most powerful army in the world, none of them.

France remains in second place.France has a standing army slightly larger than Germany's and also has reserves in the millions.

Although there is a gap in combat effectiveness compared with the German army, it has advantages over other countries.

The third place in the overall strength of the army is Tsarist Russia, which has a standing army of more than 140 million.Tsarist Russia also has tens of millions of reserve troops. Even if the equipment level and training quality are very poor, relying on crowd tactics alone is enough to make the Russian army rank third in the world.

Of course, if the turbulent situation in Russia is not counted, Russia's comprehensive army strength can even surpass that of France.

But unfortunately, according to Arthur's situation, the situation in Russia is not good.It has greatly affected the combat effectiveness of the Russian army. After all, if the government is gone, who should the army fight for?

The army's overall strength ranks fourth, and it is currently Germany's only reliable ally, the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Austria-Hungary had a standing army of over 70, plus millions more in reserve.The army equipment is quite good. If the language communication problem caused by the large number of nationalities can be solved, I am afraid that the Austro-Hungarian Empire can really become a great ally of Germany.

Arthur ranks Australasia's combined army strength fifth in the world.Although Australasia only has 22 standing troops, if it recruits troops recklessly, it can explode millions of troops.

Coupled with the various army technologies hidden by Arthur, it is not too much to occupy the fifth place in the world.

After Australasia, the sixth army power in the world should be able to fall on the head of the British Empire.

There is no other reason. The British Empire and its colonies have a population of hundreds of millions, which also means tens of millions of inexhaustible cannon fodder.

These cannon fodder alone are enough to bring the strength of the British Empire's army to a higher level, and it is fully capable of competing with the above five countries to win the final victory of the war.

The Seventh Army power still has to fall on the head of the island nation.Although the island country has been eliminated from the ranks of the great powers by many European media and countries, it cannot be denied that the combat effectiveness of the island country's army is still moderate among the great powers, much stronger than countries like Italy and the United Kingdom.

If the island country can solve the problems of backward equipment and small industrial scale, the strength of the army is still considerable.

The world's eighth largest army power, went around and around, barely ranked to Italy.

The reason why Italy can become the world's eighth army power does not mean that it has the strength of the world's eighth army power, but the strength of the country's army after that is even weaker. In other words, it all depends on the foil of its peers.

After Italy, the ninth and tenth army powers in the world are the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria respectively.

Although Bulgaria defeated the Ottoman Empire in the previous Balkan War, after all, it relied on the full cooperation of the Balkan Alliance, coupled with the fact that the Ottoman Turkish Empire was held back by Italy.

If Bulgaria's army strength is compared with the Ottoman Empire alone, although the combat effectiveness is indeed higher than that of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Empire also has a larger population.

Again, before there is an obvious gap in technology, the power of crowd tactics is not small.

Outside the top ten, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and other countries that performed well in the Balkan War are all eligible to rank among the top fifteen in the world's army strength.

Of course, this list mainly records the great powers and European countries. Otherwise, a big country in Asia with the world's No. 1 population can also be on the list by relying on crowd tactics.

As for the United States, which has the status and strength of a great power, its comprehensive army strength is really not as strong as Serbia and Bulgaria.

It is more difficult to judge the comprehensive strength of the army, but it is easier to judge the comprehensive strength of the navy.

Simply put, the comprehensive strength of the navy can be judged by the total tonnage of warships and the number of capital ships.

The total tonnage of a warship represents the number of warships, while the number of capital ships determines the true combat effectiveness of the navy.

At present, the total tonnage of the navies of various countries in the world is heavy, and the British Empire occupies the first place, as high as 251 million tons.

Germany ranks second with a naval gross tonnage of 117 million tons.

The United States occupies third place, with a total naval tonnage of 84 tons.

France occupies fourth place, with a naval gross tonnage of 80 tons.

Russia occupies fifth place, with a naval gross tonnage of 60 tons.

The island nation occupies sixth place, with a naval force of 51 tons.

Italy occupies seventh place, with a naval gross tonnage of 39 tons.

Austria-Hungary occupies the eighth place, with a total naval tonnage of 19 tons.

Australasia occupies ninth, with a naval gross tonnage of 15 tons.

Although there is still a clear gap between Australasia and European powers in terms of total naval tonnage, if you only look at dreadnoughts and super dreadnoughts, the number of dreadnoughts in Australasia ranks among the top five in the world.

Even if it comes to the true combat effectiveness of the navy, Arthur is confident that it will surpass the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Italy.

There is no other reason. These two countries even have very few dreadnought ships, and their naval combat effectiveness must be greatly reduced compared to their naval tonnage.

Even the island countries currently lacking the support of the British Empire, although they have the tonnage of the old battleships before, the dreadnoughts they plan to build have not yet entered service.

The three dreadnoughts and two battlecruisers in Australasia may not be the opponents of the island nation's eight old-fashioned battleships.

Even if the default combat effectiveness of one battleship is equal to two old-fashioned battleships, the comprehensive combat effectiveness of the Australasian navy exceeds that of the island nation's navy.

It can only be said that the progress of science and technology has greatly improved the strength of the army and navy. After the birth of the dreadnought, the role of the old battleship has been infinitely reduced.

After the birth of the super dreadnought, the importance of the dreadnought has also decreased a lot.

Before calculating the combat power of a country's navy, priority is given to the number of super dreadnoughts and dreadnoughts it has.

The number of dreadnoughts and super dreadnoughts can basically represent the true strength of a country's fleet.

Countries with dreadnoughts are not necessarily countries with top naval strength, but countries with top naval strength must have dreadnoughts.

Dreadnoughts and Super Dreadnoughts These two main battleships have become necessary but necessary naval weapons for European powers and world naval powers.

To become a recognized naval power, it has become common sense to have a certain scale of dreadnoughts and super dreadnoughts.

The reason why the island country lost to Australasia in terms of military strength and was robbed of the title of the eighth power by Australasia is because the island country has not been able to own a dreadnought ship of its own so far.

And Australasia not only equipped its own dreadnought ships early, but is currently building super dreadnoughts for other countries.

The gap between the two is already very huge, which makes the island country almost naturally lose its status as a great power.

The bad news for Australasia is that as of now, that is, by the end of 1912, the per capita arable land in Australasia has decreased from 2.3 acres per capita to 2.1 acres.

But this is also a matter of course. After all, with the development of major cities, coupled with various industries and constructions, there will be a large number of immigrants and rural people who will be attracted to the cities and become urban residents.

Except for some established private farms, among all the immigrants in Australasia, not many choose to engage in agriculture, accounting for only about a quarter of the total number of immigrants.

However, although the per capita arable land area has decreased, the total arable land area in Australasia still reached 2543 million acres, an expansion of nearly 600 million acres compared to three or four years ago.

Because Arthur is constantly emphasizing the importance of food, the food production and total arable land in Australasia are also growing.

Thanks to the increase in the total arable land area, the total grain output of Australasia has reached more than 1912 million tons throughout 1158. After the grain output exceeded [-] million tons in the previous year, it has reached a new high this year.

The scale of strategic grain reserves in Australasia has also increased from 200 million tons a few years ago to 1000 million tons.

Of course, there is such a high grain reserve because the government has suspended many plans to export grain.

In this way, the government's fiscal revenue has been reduced a lot, and it has even paid a lot of money to buy food from farmers.

Generally speaking, at present, only the food that has been hoarded for too long will be sold as appropriate.

Other grains have to be hoarded, waiting for the future European war to start, and then sold to European countries at a higher price.

How exaggerated is 1000 million tons of grain reserves?You must know that the current total annual grain consumption in Australasia will basically not exceed 300 million tons.

This means that based on the current strategic grain reserves in Australasia, it is completely enough to feed the whole country for three years.

In the past three years, Australasia's food production will continue to expand. To put it in a more thoughtful way, it is impossible to eat up.

The good news is that in this day and age Australasia has only recently emerged from poverty and hunger, wasting food is rare.

There is basically no large-scale extravagance and waste, which also reduces the food consumption of the people to a certain extent.

Of the 1912 million tons of grain in 1158, only less than 200 million tons were exported.Coupled with the more than 200 million tons of domestic consumption, this year alone has increased the government's strategic grain reserves by nearly 700 million tons.

Of course, the current reduction in grain exports in Australasia has little impact on world grain prices.

After all, all European countries have extensive colonies, and many countries around Germany are also European food exporters, so European countries basically don't have to worry about food issues.

Even if food prices will rise, the rate of increase is basically not much, so European countries don't care too much.

Even countries like Britain and France would like to see such a thing happen.

After all, both Britain and France have extensive colonies, but it just costs a little more transportation costs, and there is basically no shortage of food.

But Germany is different.If you want to have enough food, you have to buy it from neighboring countries at a high price.

Except for the more favorable food prices in the ally Austria-Hungary, the food prices in other places will rise a little, which also means more costs.

After all, Germany has a population of tens of millions, and its annual food consumption is not a small number.

While Australasia's grain exports have decreased, its meat exports have not decreased by much.

After all, the livestock industry in Australasia is too large, and there is no need to make a fuss about meat exports.

After all, judging from the current more than 2 million sheep, tens of millions of cattle and countless other livestock animals in Australasia, there will be no shortage of meat at any time.

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(End of this chapter)