Siheyuan starts from a better life

Chapter 788, Lithography machine completed
The child's affairs were naturally handled by the child, so Jiang Yan did not interfere much. As soon as he arrived at the office today, he received good news. After two years of polishing, all the core components of the lithography machine have been polished today. .

It is quite rare that photolithography machines have high requirements for parts. What is even more abnormal is that many parts can only be polished bit by bit by our eighth-level benchworkers because they do not have very advanced precision processing machine tools, and even have time to polish them. A little polishing, a little carelessness and a part may be scrapped.

Therefore, these parts have been produced for a full year and a half, and many parts still have one and only one backup. In other words, if everything goes well, only two photolithography machines can be assembled at most, and there is no backup. , if you want to have a backup, you can only install one.

On this day, all the engineers and technicians in the institute, as well as the director and secretary, as well as some senior workers, gathered in Workshop No. 1 to participate in the assembly of this photolithography machine.

"Comrades, after nearly two years of research and development, we have overcome all the difficulties in manufacturing the lithography machine. Today, with the help of our comrades workers, all the parts on the lithography machine have been processed and produced. Today we are finally going to start assembling this machine. We have a photolithography machine!" Jiang Yan stood in front of the operating table, clenching his hands into fists and saying energetically.

"This lithography machine is the first lithography machine in our country. Once completed, it will greatly improve the level of my country's integrated circuit technology! At the same time, it will also break the foreign blockade of our integrated circuits and allow our revolutionary cause to move forward. A big step."

'This honor is yours as well as ours, in short it belongs to all of us. '

As soon as Jiang Yan finished speaking, there was thunderous applause below, and many people shouted "Long live the Red Party" and other words.

"With the photolithography machine, we can start trial production of integrated circuits!" Professor Wang said excitedly next to him.

"Yes, yes, by then we will be able to develop more sophisticated and smaller integrated circuits!" Professor Li also said.

"Isn't that right? The CNC machine tools and third-generation computers that Comrade Jiang Yan said before can become a reality. This will not only improve our country in the slightest," Professor Wei said.

Hearing Professor Wei's words, everyone's hearts became excited. They knew what having this chip means to the country.

"Okay, okay, let's get down to business. Let's take a look at these parts first." Jiang Yan interrupted them with a smile.

At this time, due to the principle of confidentiality, only those who have signed the confidentiality agreement are left in the first workshop. The rest of the people left the first workshop directly after the meeting.

"This is a diffractive optical lens, which can accurately focus the laser, which is very critical."

Ordinary optical lenses are not coated. The batch of optical lenses Jiang Yan and the others purchased can be said to be the best optical lenses in the country, but they still cannot meet the standards for use in photolithography machines. There is no way, Jiang Yan can only take them with him. The technical team overcame the coating problem. Fortunately, after such a long time, we finally produced a qualified optical lens.

After Jiang Yan introduced the optical lens, he then introduced the parts on it.

"This precision xyz three-axis platform can control the wafer position with high precision"

As Jiang Yan explained, the engineers took notes carefully. Secretary Wang and Deputy Director Zhao also nodded frequently.

"Okay, with these key components as the basis, we can officially start assembling the photolithography machine." Jiang Yan clapped his hands and continued, "I have formulated a detailed assembly process and steps. Next Just follow the steps. Since this batch of equipment is too precious, I can only complete it myself. Please make sure to keep records. "

"Understood." Everyone nodded heavily, and there was a serious atmosphere. Therefore, under Jiang Yan's personal installation, everything was assembled in an orderly manner. Secretary Wang was afraid of an accident and specially asked someone to set up a cordon. The assembly area was also silent, for fear that his voice would disturb Jiang Yan. installation.

The precise lens installation is completed, and the high-precision platform and rack installation is completed.

The parts were carefully assembled one by one and gradually pieced together. The carefully assembled parts were assembled again by Jiang Yan. After two hours, a well-shaped photolithography machine was presented in front of everyone.

"This, this is a success." Professor Wang looked at the assembled photolithography machine and said with a little disbelief.

Before he got the answer, the next moment, cheers rang out in the workshop, and then he realized that the photolithography machine had really been successfully assembled.

Jiang Yan wiped his sweat and looked at the lithography machine with satisfaction, feeling a great sense of accomplishment in his heart. As the first independently developed lithography machine in China, its birth undoubtedly has epoch-making historical significance.

At the same time, it also represents the further improvement of my country's manufacturing capabilities.

Once it is manufactured, it is still not possible to determine whether it can produce chips without experiments. So Jiang Yan asked everyone to take a break. Then he came to the photolithography machine and prepared to start experimenting with manufacturing the first chip in China while explaining it.

There are five main steps in chip manufacturing: silicon wafer preparation, chip manufacturing, chip testing and selection, assembly and packaging, and final testing.

First, the silicon is extracted and purified from the mineral, and a special process is used to produce silicon ingots of appropriate diameter. The silicon ingot is then cut into thin wafers used to make chips. Finally, silicon wafers of different specifications are made according to different positioning edges and sewage equalization parameters. Since there are already monocrystalline silicon factories in the country, Jiang Yan's customized chips have been produced in strict accordance with Jiang Yan's requirements with their help.

After the bare silicon wafer arrives, after various steps such as cleaning, film formation, photolithography, etching, and doping, a complete set of integrated circuits is etched on the silicon wafer. Chip testing/picking. After the chips are manufactured, they will be sent to the testing and sorting area, where individual chips are detected and electrically tested, qualified products are then sorted, and defective products are marked.

After testing and selection, the silicon wafers enter the assembly and packaging process, with the purpose of packaging individual chips in a protective tube. The back of the silicon wafer needs to be ground to reduce the thickness of the substrate, and then a thick plastic film is attached to the back of the silicon wafer, and then a diamond-tipped saw blade is used along the scribe sheet to separate each chip on the silicon wafer. It can keep the chip from falling off. At the assembly plant, good chips are bonded or evacuated to form assembly packages, and the chips are sealed in plastic or ceramic shells.

In order to ensure the function of the chip, each packaged integrated circuit needs to be tested to meet the manufacturing characteristic parameter requirements.

"To make a chip, you need to evaporate photosensitive material on a silicon wafer first, just like applying a layer of photosensitive glue. Then through precise exposure of the photolithography machine, a circuit pattern is generated on the photosensitive material."

Jiang Yan briefly introduced to them how to manually process the monocrystalline silicon that had been put into the card slot. He started with the most critical mask first.

The mask is a pattern required to block light during the photolithography process, and is crucial to dividing the circuit structure.

Making a good mask requires precise technology, which is also one of the difficulties in developing a photolithography machine. In order to make a high-quality mask, Jiang Yan contacted several scientific research institutes.

They accumulated valuable experience in mask production, and after repeated experiments and improvements, they finally successfully developed and manufactured a usable mask for the photolithography machine.

(End of this chapter)